Practical Spanish Grammar

MARCIAL PRADO is Professor of Spanish and International Business at California State University, Fullerton. Born in Spain, he received his Ph.D. in linguistics and Spanish from Georgetown University. He is the author of Advanced Spanish Grammar, another Wiley Self-Teaching Guide.

• Preface viiiSpanish Sounds xiLesson 1 Basic Expressions 1Grammar I Indefinite Articles • Gender of Nouns 4Grammar II Definite Articles and Contractions 6Grammar III Subject Pronouns 9Lesson 2 En un restaurant (In a Restaurant) 12Grammar I The Three Conjugations • Present Indicative of Regular-ar Verbs 18Grammar II Regular Verbs Ending in -er and -ir 21Grammar III Fonns and Usage of ser and estar   24Lesson 3 En un restaurante de mariscos (In a Seafood Restaurant) 28Grammar I Adjective-Noun Agreement • Plural of Nouns and Adjectives 33Grammar II Present Indicative of ir, dar, ver, saber, and decir 36Grammar III Question Words • Numbers in Spanish 38Lesson 4 En el aeropuerto de Sevilla (At Seville’s Airport) 43Grammar I Present Indicative of tener, venir, poner, salir, and hacer 48Grammar II ¿Qué hora es? (What time is it?) 51Grammar III Present Indicative of Stem-Changing Verbs 54Lesson 5 La familia hispana y la casa (The Hispanic Family and the House)  57Grammar I Present Indicative of oír, traer, conocer, and huir • Contrasting saber and conocer 63Grammar II The Written Accent 66Grammar III Negative Constructions 68Exam 1 Lessons 1–5 72Answers Lessons 1–5 and Exam 1 78Lesson 6 En un hotel en México (At a Hotel in Mexico) 90Grammar I Idiomatic Expressions with hacerand tener  98Grammar II Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns 101Grammar III Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns 103Lesson 7 Una fiesta de cumpleaños (A Birthday Party) 107Grammar I Direct Object Nouns and Pronouns • Personal a 116Grammar II Reflexive Constructions and Reflexive Pronouns 119Grammar III Preterite (Past Tense) of Regular Verbs • Spelling Changes 122Lesson 8 De compras en el supermercado (Shopping at the Supermarket) 126Grammar I Preterite of Stem-Changing Verbs 135Grammar II Preterite of Irregular Verbs 137Grammar III Idiomatic Expressions with Verbs hay, hay que, acabar de, ponerse a140Lesson 9 En un banco de la ciudad de México (At a Bank in Mexico City) 144Grammar I Indirect Object Pronouns 151Grammar II The Indirect Object with gustarand with Unplanned  Occurrences 155Grammar IIIThe Imperfect Indicative 159Lesson 10 En la estación de trenes de Madrid (At the Train  Station in Madrid) 162Grammar I Preterite and lmperfect in Contrast 171Grammar II Hacer + (Time Expressions) + que + (Present Tense)  • Llevar + (Time Expressions) (+ de) 175Grammar III Ordinal Numbers • Days of the Week • Seasons •  Months of the Year 177Exam 2 Lessons 6–10 182Answers Lessons 6–10 and Exam 2 188Lesson 11 Las partes del cuerpo (The Parts of the Body) 205Grammar I Comparisons of Inequality 212Grammar II Comparisons of Equality • Superlatives 215Grammar III Future Indicative of Regular Verbs 219Lesson 12 La buena salud (Good Health) 222Grammar I Conditional Tense of Regular Verbs 230Grammar II Future and Conditional of Irregular Verbs 233Grammar III Familiar Commands (tú)237Lesson 13 Dos amigos en la farmacia (Two Friends at the Drugstore) 241Grammar I Conjunctions y, e, o, u, sino, pero • Formation and Uses of Adverbs Ending in – mente 249Grammar II Formal Commands (usted / ustedes) 253Grammar III Present Subjunctive of Regular and of Stem-Changing Verbs • Uses of the Present Subjunctive 256Lesson 14 EI automóvil de alquiler (The Rental Car) 260Grammar I Verbs Irregular in the Present Subjunctive 267Grammar II Indicative and Subjunctive in Contrast: Information vs. Influence 271Grammar III A Review of the Written Accent 275Lesson 15 En un camión mexicano (On a Mexican Bus) 280Grammar IIndicative and Subjunctive in Contrast: Perception vs. Emotion 289Grammar II Indicative and Subjunctive in Contrast: Certainty vs. Doubt 292Grammar III Indicative and Subjunctive in Contrast: Adjectival and Adverbial Clauses ,295Exam 3 Lessons 11–15 301AnswersLessons 11–15 and Exam 3 308Appendixes 327Appendix 1 Regular Verbs 327Appendix 2 Irregular Verbs 330Appendix 3 Stem-Changing Verbs • Verbs with Spelling Changes 335Spanish-English Vocabulary 338English-Spanish Vocabulary 347