Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture

MOSTAFA ABD-EL-BARR, PhD, is currently a professor and chairman of the Department of Information Science at Kuwait University. He has co-authored two other books, published more than 120 papers, and served as chair for a number of international conferences and symposia.HESHAM EL-REWINI, PhD, PE, is a full professor and chairman of the Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering at Southern Methodist University (SMU). He has co-authored several books, published numerous research papers in journals and conference proceedings, and chaired many international conferences.

"The book takes its value from being very well organized, concise, and clear." (CHOICE, July 2005) "In addition to being an excellent tool for students, this is a thorough and dependable reference for engineers and programmers." (International Journal of General Systems, June 2005)"...a textbook that is useful as an introduction to computer organization fundamentals…" (Computing Reviews.com, March 10, 2005)

• Preface xi1. Introduction to Computer Systems 11.1. Historical Background 21.2. Architectural Development and Styles 41.3. Technological Development 51.4. Performance Measures 61.5. Summary 11Exercises 12References and Further Reading 142. Instruction Set Architecture and Design 152.1. Memory Locations and Operations 152.2. Addressing Modes 182.3. Instruction Types 262.4. Programming Examples 312.5. Summary 33Exercises 34References and Further Reading 353. Assembly Language Programming 373.1. A Simple Machine 383.2. Instructions Mnemonics and Syntax 403.3. Assembler Directives and Commands 433.4. Assembly and Execution of Programs 443.5. Example: The X86 Family 473.6. Summary 55Exercises 56References and Further Reading 574. Computer Arithmetic 594.1. Number Systems 594.2. Integer Arithmetic 634.3 Floating-Point Arithmetic 744.4 Summary 79Exercises 79References and Further Reading 815. Processing Unit Design 835.1. CPU Basics 835.2. Register Set 855.3. Datapath 895.4. CPU Instruction Cycle 915.5. Control Unit 955.6. Summary 104Exercises 104References 1066. Memory System Design I 1076.1. Basic Concepts 1076.2. Cache Memory 1096.3. Summary 130Exercises 131References and Further Reading 1337. Memory System Design II 1357.1. Main Memory 1357.2. Virtual Memory 1427.3. Read-Only Memory 1567.4. Summary 158Exercises 158References and Further Reading 1608. Input–Output Design and Organization 1618.1. Basic Concepts 1628.2. Programmed I/O 1648.3. Interrupt-Driven I/O 1678.4. Direct Memory Access (DMA) 1758.5. Buses 1778.6. Input–Output Interfaces 1818.7. Summary 182Exercises 183References and Further Reading 1839 Pipelining Design Techniques 1859.1. General Concepts 1859.2. Instruction Pipeline 1879.3. Example Pipeline Processors 2019.4. Instruction-Level Parallelism 2079.5. Arithmetic Pipeline 2099.6. Summary 213Exercises 213References and Further Reading 21510 Reduced Instruction Set Computers (RISCs) 21510.1. RISC/CISC Evolution Cycle 21710.2. RISCs Design Principles 21810.3. Overlapped Register Windows 22010.4. RISCs Versus CISCs 22110.5. Pioneer (University) RISC Machines 22310.6. Example of Advanced RISC Machines 22710.7. Summary 232Exercises 233References and Further Reading 23311 Introduction to Multiprocessors 23511.1. Introduction 23511.2. Classification of Computer Architectures 23611.3. SIMD Schemes 24411.4. MIMD Schemes 24611.5. Interconnection Networks 25211.6. Analysis and Performance Metrics 25411.7. Summary 254Exercises 255References and Further Reading 256Index 259