Moshe Gammer received his PhD from the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History, Tel Aviv University. He is the author of Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan and of numerous articles, chapters and entries in encyclopaedias on the history and politics of the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Middle East.

• Contined from Volume 1: Part 5: Quiet Conflicts? Georgia Part 6: Unattainable Ideal? Attempts at unity in the Northern Caucasus Part 7: The Volcano to Erupt Next? Daghestan