Chiastic Designs in English Literature from Sidney to Shakespeare

William E. Engel is Associate Professor of English at The University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee, USA.

'Building on his two richly suggestive previous studies, Bill Engel examines the chiastic patterning that was part and parcel of early modern mnemonic culture. In the process he considerably enhances our understanding not only of a wide variety of texts, but also of the philosophy itself of symbolic form.' Michael J. B. Allen, UCLA, USA 'William Engel's work is always learned, instructive, and adventuresome and Chiastic Designs is no exception. Engel uses his knowledge of biblical and classical authors and rhetorical writers of the Renaissance to reveal their reliance on chiasmus - the rhetorical figure of ABC:CBA, a double movement forward and backward - which results in patterned words and ideas including mirroring and echoic effects as well as ring structure and triadic designs. These principles of organization lead to a fresh understanding of how the works of Sidney, Spenser, Shakespeare, and Quarles might have been constructed.' Arthur F. Kinney, Massachusetts Center for Renaissance Studies, USA 'Engel is a great champion of the ars memorativa as the key to Renaissance culture... [bringing] his formidable erudition to bear on a strictly literary and iconographic analysis of a wide range of texts. His appreciation of the craftedness of poems, plays, and romances, and his sensitivity to their acoustic dimension speak to his sense that literary art offers a kind of salvation in the face of disorder and meaninglessness.' SIxteenth Century Studies 42:2 'Particularly interesting is Engel's notion that such structures work as a 'resonant memory chamber' that creates both depth and continuity of meaning.' Studies in English Literature '... William Engel has launched a provocatively suggestive approach that is also loaded with implication for exploring how literature from Sidney to Shakespeare may ’suit the action to the word, the word to the action’.' Review of English Studies 'Engel creates nuanced interpretations because his chiastic designs are inclusiv

• Chapter 1 Introduction: Speaking of Chiasmus; Chapter 2 Learning Justice and Practicing Penance: Phlegyas and David; Chapter 3 Echo in Arcadia: Sidney’s Legacy; Chapter 4 Mirror and Allegory: Spenser’s Calling; Chapter 5 Extreme Dramatic Symmetry: Shakespearean Triads; conclusion Chiastic Echoes;