Dina Le Gall is Assistant Professor of History at Lehman College, The City University of New York.

• Acknowledgments Note on Transliteration Introduction Part One: Dissemination 1. From Transoxania to the Ottoman Lands The Birth of a Tariqa: From Khwajagan to NaqshbandiyyaAgents of TransmissionIn the Shadow of Safavid PersecutionSafavid Power and Changing Patterns of CommunicationsConclusion 2. Istanbul Establishing a PresenceSpiritual Lines and ContinuityTekkes and Institutional ArrangementsPenetrating SocietyWaqf-Making and the Women of the Tariqa 3. Anatolia and the Balkans Capital and Province, Town and CountrysideThe BalkansKurdistanA Charismatic Shaykh and His DemiseBursa 4. Arabia Constraints on Early TransmissionAn Indian Transplant and His Arabian DisciplesTeaching in Multiple TariqasConclusion Part Two: The Politics and Culture of a Tariqa 5. Devotional Practice and the Construction of Orthodoxy "Acting with Strictness"Sobriety in Devotional PracticeCommunicating with the "Friends of God"Teaching Ibn al-'ArabiBakri Genealogy: From a Spiritual to a Political Marker?Conclusion 6. Politics of Sunnism, Battles over Orthodoxy Ahrarian Politics and the Ottoman Environment"Bringing the Heterodox to Heel"A Thesis RevisitedA Naqshbandi Kadizadeli 7. Organizational and Cultural Modes "The Shadow of the Shaykh is Better than Dhikr"Bequeathing Spiritual Authority and Sending off KhalifasTariqa, Silsila, and Pride of AffiliationTravel, Language, and the Tariqa as Interregional Network Conclusion Notes Glossary Bibliography Index

Dina Le Gall is Assistant Professor of History at Lehman College, The City University of New York.

• Acknowledgments Note on Transliteration Introduction Part One: Dissemination 1. From Transoxania to the Ottoman Lands The Birth of a Tariqa: From Khwajagan to NaqshbandiyyaAgents of TransmissionIn the Shadow of Safavid PersecutionSafavid Power and Changing Patterns of CommunicationsConclusion 2. Istanbul Establishing a PresenceSpiritual Lines and ContinuityTekkes and Institutional ArrangementsPenetrating SocietyWaqf-Making and the Women of the Tariqa 3. Anatolia and the Balkans Capital and Province, Town and CountrysideThe BalkansKurdistanA Charismatic Shaykh and His DemiseBursa 4. Arabia Constraints on Early TransmissionAn Indian Transplant and His Arabian DisciplesTeaching in Multiple TariqasConclusion Part Two: The Politics and Culture of a Tariqa 5. Devotional Practice and the Construction of Orthodoxy "Acting with Strictness"Sobriety in Devotional PracticeCommunicating with the "Friends of God"Teaching Ibn al-'ArabiBakri Genealogy: From a Spiritual to a Political Marker?Conclusion 6. Politics of Sunnism, Battles over Orthodoxy Ahrarian Politics and the Ottoman Environment"Bringing the Heterodox to Heel"A Thesis RevisitedA Naqshbandi Kadizadeli 7. Organizational and Cultural Modes "The Shadow of the Shaykh is Better than Dhikr"Bequeathing Spiritual Authority and Sending off KhalifasTariqa, Silsila, and Pride of AffiliationTravel, Language, and the Tariqa as Interregional Network Conclusion Notes Glossary Bibliography Index