Michael D. Lorenz is Dean of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University.T. Mark Neer is Professor of Internal Medicine and Director of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Oklahoma State University. Paul DeMars is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Small Animal Community Practice at Oklahoma State University.

"This book fills a gap that exists between the quick reference texts that have proliferated recently and more extensive medical reference texts. It provides an approach to problems in manageable and meaningful chunks to create conceptual understanding, rather than providing an outline of facts and recommendations. The book is probably most useful for veterinary students and new graduates overwhelmed by the amount of information in other texts but facing animals with problems in their clinics. It would also be a handy off-the-shelf reference for practitioners faced with rare problems or hoping to avoid overlooking a key differential diagnosis. Students who work through the book in a thoughtful manner can be expected to gain skills in problem identification and the mechanistic diagnostic approach. Working through the clinical vignettes also strikes me as an excellent way to prepare for the national licensing examination, with more learning gained than anticipated from practicing multiple-choice questions. In summary, this book should be an excellent investment for veterinary students and small animal practitioners." (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, March 2010) "The new edition includes the addition of case reports, and I felt it helps give the reader a clearer picture of the patient and the development of the thought process as it progresses through the case during the work-up. There have been updates to diagnostic tests that are reflective of the changes and improvements that have been made in procedures as they are performed in the veterinary field.... The format is an excellent way to help teach how to think through a case and the logical steps to thoroughly work through it." (VSPN, October 2010)"Overall I feel it would be a good text for both veterinarians and veterinary technicians alike to help teach or reinforce many points to be considered when presented with a patient, including clinical signs throughout the disease process." (Veterinary Information Network, October 2010)“The pathophysiological background in each section is certainly useful information and the clinical vignettes make surprisingly pleasant reading-a bit like Aesop’s Fables for vets.” (Veterinary Practice, April 2010)

• Contributors xiiiPreface xv1. The Problem-Oriented Approach 3Michael D. LorenzPart One General (Polysystemic) Problems2. Pyrexia (Fever) 15Emily L. Medici and Michael D. Lorenz3. Disturbances of Food Intake: Anorexia and Polyphagia 22Michael D. Lorenz and Paul L. DeMars4. Episodic Weakness 31Michael D. Lorenz5. Polyuria and Polydipsia 36Justin D. Thomason and John P. HooverPart Two Behavioral Problems6. Aggression 45Paul L. DeMars7. Fear, Anxiety, and Compulsive Behavior 48Paul L. DeMarsPart Three Conformational Problems8. Ascites, Peripheral Edema, and Abdominal Distention 53T. Mark Neer9. Retarded Growth 62Michael D. Lorenz10. Changes in Body Weight: Weight Loss and Obesity 68Paul L. DeMarsPart Four Dermatologic Problems11. Pruritus 77Michael D. Lorenz12. Primary and Secondary Skin Lesions 82Michael D. Lorenz13. Alopecia 87Michael D. Lorenz14. Disorders of Pigmentation 93Michael D. LorenzPart Five Hematolymphatic Problems15. Bleeding Disorders 101James H. Meinkoth and Michael D. Lorenz16. Lymphadenopathy 110Michael D. LorenzPart Six Cardiovascular Problems17. Disturbances of Heart Rate, Rhythm, and Pulse 115Nicole Ponzio18. Murmurs and Abnormal Heart Sounds 134Nicole Ponzio19. Abnormal Mucous Membranes 151Jennifer L. PetersPart Seven Respiratory Problems20. Coughing and Hemoptysis 159Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover21. Respiratory Distress and Cyanosis 166Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover22. Syncope 173Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover23. Abnormal Lung Sounds 179Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover24. Sneezing and Nasal Discharge 183Jennifer L. PetersPart Eight Digestive Problems25. Ptyalism 197Jill D. Brunker26. Dysphagia 202Jill D. Brunker27. Regurgitation and Vomiting 207Jill D. Brunker28. Diarrhea 213Jill D. Brunker29. Constipation and Flatulence 226Michael D. Lorenz30. Abdominal Pain 231Kristy Broaddus31. Icterus 235T. Mark NeerPart Nine Urologic Problems32. Abnormal Micturition: Dysuria, Pollakiuria, and Stranguria 255Paul L. DeMars33. Discolored Urine 258Mary H. Bowles and Michael D. Lorenz34. Urinary Incontinence 274Mary H. BowlesPart Ten Reproductive Problems35. Vaginal and Preputial Discharge 287Charles C. Broaddus and G. Reed Holyoak36. Abnormalities of the External Genitalia 293Chris Schreiber and Gregor L. Morgan37. Abortion, Abnormal Estrous Cycle, and Infertility 301G. Reed Holyoak, Chelsea Makloski, and Gregor L. MorganPart Eleven Musculoskeletal Problems38. Lameness 319T. Mark Neer39. Bone, Joint, and Periskeletal Swelling 327Jude Bordelon40. Nociception (“Pain”) 336Michael D. Lorenz and Marjorie E. GrossPart Twelve Neurologic Problems41. Paresis or Paralysis 345T. Mark Neer42. Ataxia 357T. Mark Neer43. Head Tilt 362T. Mark Neer44. Collapse (Seizures, Syncope, Cataplexy, and Narcolepsy) 369T. Mark Neer45. Stupor and Coma 377T. Mark NeerPart Thirteen Special Sensation Problems46. Blindness 385Michael D. Lorenz and Margi A. Gilmour47. Anisocoria 390Margi A. Gilmour48. Nystagmus and Strabismus 396Michael D. Lorenz49. Loss of Corneal Transparency 400Margi A. Gilmour50. Abnormal Anterior Chamber 406Margi A. Gilmour51. Abnormal Lens 412Margi A. Gilmour52. Anosmia—Loss of Olfaction 417Michael D. Lorenz53. Deafness 420Michael D. LorenzPart Fourteen Laboratory-Defined Problems54. Hematologic Problems 427Robin W. Allison55. Abnormalities of the Standard Biochemical Profile 438Robin W. Allison, James H. Meinkoth, and Theresa E. Rizzi56. Problems Identified on Urinalysis 461James H. Meinkoth57. Abnormal Blood pH, Anion Gap, and Blood Gases 474Theresa E. RizziIndex 483

Michael D. Lorenz is Dean of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University.T. Mark Neer is Professor of Internal Medicine and Director of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Oklahoma State University. Paul DeMars is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Small Animal Community Practice at Oklahoma State University.

"This book fills a gap that exists between the quick reference texts that have proliferated recently and more extensive medical reference texts. It provides an approach to problems in manageable and meaningful chunks to create conceptual understanding, rather than providing an outline of facts and recommendations. The book is probably most useful for veterinary students and new graduates overwhelmed by the amount of information in other texts but facing animals with problems in their clinics. It would also be a handy off-the-shelf reference for practitioners faced with rare problems or hoping to avoid overlooking a key differential diagnosis. Students who work through the book in a thoughtful manner can be expected to gain skills in problem identification and the mechanistic diagnostic approach. Working through the clinical vignettes also strikes me as an excellent way to prepare for the national licensing examination, with more learning gained than anticipated from practicing multiple-choice questions. In summary, this book should be an excellent investment for veterinary students and small animal practitioners." (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, March 2010) "The new edition includes the addition of case reports, and I felt it helps give the reader a clearer picture of the patient and the development of the thought process as it progresses through the case during the work-up. There have been updates to diagnostic tests that are reflective of the changes and improvements that have been made in procedures as they are performed in the veterinary field.... The format is an excellent way to help teach how to think through a case and the logical steps to thoroughly work through it." (VSPN, October 2010)"Overall I feel it would be a good text for both veterinarians and veterinary technicians alike to help teach or reinforce many points to be considered when presented with a patient, including clinical signs throughout the disease process." (Veterinary Information Network, October 2010)“The pathophysiological background in each section is certainly useful information and the clinical vignettes make surprisingly pleasant reading-a bit like Aesop’s Fables for vets.” (Veterinary Practice, April 2010)

• Contributors xiiiPreface xv1. The Problem-Oriented Approach 3Michael D. LorenzPart One General (Polysystemic) Problems2. Pyrexia (Fever) 15Emily L. Medici and Michael D. Lorenz3. Disturbances of Food Intake: Anorexia and Polyphagia 22Michael D. Lorenz and Paul L. DeMars4. Episodic Weakness 31Michael D. Lorenz5. Polyuria and Polydipsia 36Justin D. Thomason and John P. HooverPart Two Behavioral Problems6. Aggression 45Paul L. DeMars7. Fear, Anxiety, and Compulsive Behavior 48Paul L. DeMarsPart Three Conformational Problems8. Ascites, Peripheral Edema, and Abdominal Distention 53T. Mark Neer9. Retarded Growth 62Michael D. Lorenz10. Changes in Body Weight: Weight Loss and Obesity 68Paul L. DeMarsPart Four Dermatologic Problems11. Pruritus 77Michael D. Lorenz12. Primary and Secondary Skin Lesions 82Michael D. Lorenz13. Alopecia 87Michael D. Lorenz14. Disorders of Pigmentation 93Michael D. LorenzPart Five Hematolymphatic Problems15. Bleeding Disorders 101James H. Meinkoth and Michael D. Lorenz16. Lymphadenopathy 110Michael D. LorenzPart Six Cardiovascular Problems17. Disturbances of Heart Rate, Rhythm, and Pulse 115Nicole Ponzio18. Murmurs and Abnormal Heart Sounds 134Nicole Ponzio19. Abnormal Mucous Membranes 151Jennifer L. PetersPart Seven Respiratory Problems20. Coughing and Hemoptysis 159Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover21. Respiratory Distress and Cyanosis 166Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover22. Syncope 173Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover23. Abnormal Lung Sounds 179Justin D. Thomason and John P. Hoover24. Sneezing and Nasal Discharge 183Jennifer L. PetersPart Eight Digestive Problems25. Ptyalism 197Jill D. Brunker26. Dysphagia 202Jill D. Brunker27. Regurgitation and Vomiting 207Jill D. Brunker28. Diarrhea 213Jill D. Brunker29. Constipation and Flatulence 226Michael D. Lorenz30. Abdominal Pain 231Kristy Broaddus31. Icterus 235T. Mark NeerPart Nine Urologic Problems32. Abnormal Micturition: Dysuria, Pollakiuria, and Stranguria 255Paul L. DeMars33. Discolored Urine 258Mary H. Bowles and Michael D. Lorenz34. Urinary Incontinence 274Mary H. BowlesPart Ten Reproductive Problems35. Vaginal and Preputial Discharge 287Charles C. Broaddus and G. Reed Holyoak36. Abnormalities of the External Genitalia 293Chris Schreiber and Gregor L. Morgan37. Abortion, Abnormal Estrous Cycle, and Infertility 301G. Reed Holyoak, Chelsea Makloski, and Gregor L. MorganPart Eleven Musculoskeletal Problems38. Lameness 319T. Mark Neer39. Bone, Joint, and Periskeletal Swelling 327Jude Bordelon40. Nociception (“Pain”) 336Michael D. Lorenz and Marjorie E. GrossPart Twelve Neurologic Problems41. Paresis or Paralysis 345T. Mark Neer42. Ataxia 357T. Mark Neer43. Head Tilt 362T. Mark Neer44. Collapse (Seizures, Syncope, Cataplexy, and Narcolepsy) 369T. Mark Neer45. Stupor and Coma 377T. Mark NeerPart Thirteen Special Sensation Problems46. Blindness 385Michael D. Lorenz and Margi A. Gilmour47. Anisocoria 390Margi A. Gilmour48. Nystagmus and Strabismus 396Michael D. Lorenz49. Loss of Corneal Transparency 400Margi A. Gilmour50. Abnormal Anterior Chamber 406Margi A. Gilmour51. Abnormal Lens 412Margi A. Gilmour52. Anosmia—Loss of Olfaction 417Michael D. Lorenz53. Deafness 420Michael D. LorenzPart Fourteen Laboratory-Defined Problems54. Hematologic Problems 427Robin W. Allison55. Abnormalities of the Standard Biochemical Profile 438Robin W. Allison, James H. Meinkoth, and Theresa E. Rizzi56. Problems Identified on Urinalysis 461James H. Meinkoth57. Abnormal Blood pH, Anion Gap, and Blood Gases 474Theresa E. RizziIndex 483