Nils Jacobsen is Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He is the author of Mirages of Transition: The Peruvian Altiplano, 1780–1930.CristÓbal AljovÍn de Losada is Director of the Master’s Program in History at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Lima, Peru. He is the author of Caudillos y constituciones: PerÚ, 1821–1845.

“Political Cultures in the Andes is an extraordinary book, one of those books that both provides fresh perspectives and brings together significant trends that have been in the air recently. The volume is full of provocative and interesting essays. This is a must-read for historians interested in the Andes or politics in Latin America more generally.”-Peter Guardino, author of The Time of Liberty: Popular Political Culture in Oaxaca, 1750–1850 “[The issues] are fascinating and central to any understanding of power relations in Latin American societies. For those interested in the struggle, this book is an excellent place to start. It should stimulate animated discussions in upper-level courses and graduate seminars.” - W. John Green (Hispanic American Historical Review)

• About the Series ixAcknowledgments xiThe Long and the Short of It: A Pragmatic Perspective on Political Cultures, Especially for the Modern History of the Andes / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 1Is Political Culture Good to Think? / Alan Knight 25How Interest and Values Seldom Come Alone, or: The Utility of a Pragmatic Perspective on Political Culture / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 58Part One State- and Nation-Building Projects and Their Limitations 69Civilize or Control:? The Lingering Impact of Bourbon Urban Reforms / Charles F. Walker 74A Break with the Past? Santa Cruz and the Constitution / Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 96The Tax Man Cometh: Local Authorities and the Battle Over Taxes in Peru, 1885–1906 / Carlos Contreras 116“Under the dominion of the Indian”: Rural Mobilization, the Law, and Revolutionary Nationalism in Bolivia in the 1940s / Laura Gotkowitz 137Part Two Ethnicity, Gender, and the Construction of Power: Exclusionary Strategies and the Struggle for Citizenship 159“Free Men of All Colors” in New Granada: Identity and Obedience before Independence / Margarita Garrido 165Silencing African Descent: Caribbean Columbia and Early Nation Building, 1810–1828 / Aline Helg 184The Making of Ecuador’s Pueblo Catolico, 1861–1875 / Derek Williams 207Redeemed Indians, Barbarized Cholos: Crafting Neocolonial Modernity in Liberal Bolivia, 1900–1910 / Brooke Larson 230Part Three The Local, the Peripheral, and the Network: Redefining the Boundaries of Popular Representation in Public Arena 253Andean Political Imagination in the Late Eighteenth Century / Sergio Serulnikov 257Public Opinions and Public Spheres in Late-Nineteenth-Century Peru: A Multicolored Web in a Tattered Cloth / Nils Jacobsen 278The Local Limitations to a National Political Movement: Gaitan and Gaitansimo in Antioquia / Mary Roldan 301Concluding Remarks: Andean Inflections of Latin American Political Cultures / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 324Bibliography 337Contributors 373Index 377

Nils Jacobsen is Associate Professor of History and Director of the Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He is the author of Mirages of Transition: The Peruvian Altiplano, 1780–1930.CristÓbal AljovÍn de Losada is Director of the Master’s Program in History at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Lima, Peru. He is the author of Caudillos y constituciones: PerÚ, 1821–1845.

“Political Cultures in the Andes is an extraordinary book, one of those books that both provides fresh perspectives and brings together significant trends that have been in the air recently. The volume is full of provocative and interesting essays. This is a must-read for historians interested in the Andes or politics in Latin America more generally.”-Peter Guardino, author of The Time of Liberty: Popular Political Culture in Oaxaca, 1750–1850 “[The issues] are fascinating and central to any understanding of power relations in Latin American societies. For those interested in the struggle, this book is an excellent place to start. It should stimulate animated discussions in upper-level courses and graduate seminars.” - W. John Green (Hispanic American Historical Review)

• About the Series ixAcknowledgments xiThe Long and the Short of It: A Pragmatic Perspective on Political Cultures, Especially for the Modern History of the Andes / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 1Is Political Culture Good to Think? / Alan Knight 25How Interest and Values Seldom Come Alone, or: The Utility of a Pragmatic Perspective on Political Culture / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 58Part One State- and Nation-Building Projects and Their Limitations 69Civilize or Control:? The Lingering Impact of Bourbon Urban Reforms / Charles F. Walker 74A Break with the Past? Santa Cruz and the Constitution / Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 96The Tax Man Cometh: Local Authorities and the Battle Over Taxes in Peru, 1885–1906 / Carlos Contreras 116“Under the dominion of the Indian”: Rural Mobilization, the Law, and Revolutionary Nationalism in Bolivia in the 1940s / Laura Gotkowitz 137Part Two Ethnicity, Gender, and the Construction of Power: Exclusionary Strategies and the Struggle for Citizenship 159“Free Men of All Colors” in New Granada: Identity and Obedience before Independence / Margarita Garrido 165Silencing African Descent: Caribbean Columbia and Early Nation Building, 1810–1828 / Aline Helg 184The Making of Ecuador’s Pueblo Catolico, 1861–1875 / Derek Williams 207Redeemed Indians, Barbarized Cholos: Crafting Neocolonial Modernity in Liberal Bolivia, 1900–1910 / Brooke Larson 230Part Three The Local, the Peripheral, and the Network: Redefining the Boundaries of Popular Representation in Public Arena 253Andean Political Imagination in the Late Eighteenth Century / Sergio Serulnikov 257Public Opinions and Public Spheres in Late-Nineteenth-Century Peru: A Multicolored Web in a Tattered Cloth / Nils Jacobsen 278The Local Limitations to a National Political Movement: Gaitan and Gaitansimo in Antioquia / Mary Roldan 301Concluding Remarks: Andean Inflections of Latin American Political Cultures / Nils Jacobsen and Cristobal Aljovin de Losada 324Bibliography 337Contributors 373Index 377