Sea Salt Aerosol Production

Mechanisms, Methods, Measurements, and Models

AvErnie R. Lewis,Stephen E. Schwartz

Inbunden, Engelska, 2004

Del 152 i serien Geophysical Monograph Series

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Beskrivning

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 152.Sea salt aerosol (SSA) exerts a major influence over a broad reach of geophysics. It is important to the physics and chemistry of the marine atmosphere and to marine geochemistry and biogeochemistry generally. It affects visibility, remote sensing, atmospheric chemistry, and air quality. Sea salt aerosol particles interact with other atmospheric gaseous and aerosol constituents by acting as sinks for condensable gases and suppressing new particle formation, thus influencing the size distribution of these other aerosols and more broadly influencing the geochemical cycles of substances with which they interact. As the key aerosol constituent over much of Earth's surface at present, and all the more so in pre-industrial times, SSA is central to description of Earth's aerosol burden.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:2004-01-01
Mått:224 x 274 x 28 mm
Vikt:1 424 g
Format:Inbunden
Språk:Engelska
Serie:Geophysical Monograph Series
Antal sidor:432
Förlag:John Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN:9780875904177

Utforska kategorier

Geovetenskap inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Mer om författaren

Ernie R. Lewis and Stephen E. Schwartz are the authors of Sea Salt Aerosol Production: Mechanisms, Methods, Measurements, and Models, published by Wiley.

Innehållsförteckning

Preface ix1. Introduction 11.1. Sea Salt Aerosol (SSA) and its Importance 11.2. Methods of Determining Size-Dependent SSA Production Fluxes 51.3. Scope of This Work 52. Fundamentals 92.1. Description of SSA Particle Sizes, Concentrations, and Fluxes 92.2. Major SSA Production Mechanisms 352.3. Factors Affecting SSA Production, Entrainment, Transport, and Removal 372.4. Structure of the Atmosphere Over the Ocean 442.5. Chemical and Physical Properties of Seawater and SSA Particles 472.6. Kinematics and Dynamics of SSA Particles 632.7. Mechanisms for Removal of SSA Particles From the Atmosphere 712.8. Transport of SSA in the Marine Boundary Layer 772.9. Vertical Distribution of SSA Particles 823. Methods of Determining Size-Dependent Sea Salt Aerosol Production Fluxes 1013.1 Steady State Dry Deposition Method 1013.2. Whitecap Method 1053.3. Concentration Buildup Method 1073.4. Bubble Method 1093.5. Micrometeorological Methods 1103.6. Along-Wind Flux Method 1133.7. Direct Observation Method 11 63.8. Vertical Impaction Method 11 63.9. Statistical Wet Deposition Method 1173.10. Summary of Methods for Flux Determination 117 4. Measurements and Models of Quantities Required to Evaluate Sea Salt Aerosol Production Fluxes 1194.1. Sea Salt Aerosol Concentrations 1204.2 Near Surface Field Measurements Pertinent to SSA Production 1834.3. Laboratory Studies Pertinent to SSA Production 1874.4. Bubbles in the Oceans 2354.5. Oceanic Whitecaps 2564.6. Dry Deposition 2 734.7. Minor SSA Production Mechanisms 2895. Sea Salt Aerosol Production Fluxes: Estimates and Critical Analysis 2995.1. General Considerations 2995.2. Steady State Dry Deposition Method 3035.3. Whitecap Method 3145.4. Concentration Buildup Method 3205.5. Bubble Method 3225.6. Micrometeorological Methods 3295.7. Along-Wind Flux Method 3325.8. Direct Observation Method 3375.9. Vertical Impaction Method 3385.10. Statistical Wet Deposition Method 3385.11. Comparison of Flux Estimates 3396. Applications and Implications 3456.1. The Climate Connection 3456.2. Representation of SSA Production Flux in Chemical Transport Models 3466.3. Status and Prospect 349Principal Symbols 353List of Figures 357List of Tables 358References 359Index 409