Ocean Circulation

Mechanisms and Impacts -- Past and Future Changes of Meridional Overturning

AvAndreas Schmittner,John C. H. Chiang

Inbunden, Engelska, 2007

Del 173 i serien Geophysical Monograph Series

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Beskrivning

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 173.The ocean's meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is a key factor in climate change. The Atlantic MOC, in particular, is believed to play an active role in the regional and global climate variability. It is associated with the recent debate on rapid climate change, the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO), global warming, and Atlantic hurricanes.This is the first book to deal with all aspects of the ocean's large-scale meridional overturning circulation, and is a coherent presentation, from a mechanistic point of view, of our current understanding of paleo, present-day, and future variability and change. It presents the current state of the science by bringing together the world's leading experts in physical, chemical, and biological oceanography, marine geology, geochemistry, paleoceanography, and climate modeling. A mix of overview and research papers makes this volume suitable not only for experts in the field, but also for students and anyone interested in climate change and the oceans.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:2007-01-01
Mått:224 x 274 x 23 mm
Vikt:1 479 g
Format:Inbunden
Språk:Engelska
Serie:Geophysical Monograph Series
Antal sidor:392
Förlag:John Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN:9780875904382

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Geovetenskap inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Mer om författaren

Andreas Schmittner is a scientist interested in Earth's climate system as a whole. Most of his work is focussed on the oceans, their physics, biology, chemistry and variability on decadal to millennial time scales. He tries to understand the causes for today's global deep overturning circulation, how and why it has changed in the past, how it may change in the future due to natural or human influences, how it impacts climate, ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles including isotopes.

Innehållsförteckning

PrefaceAndreas Schmittner, John C. H. Chiang, and Sidney R. Hemming viiSection 1. IntroductionIntroduction: The Ocean's Meridional Overturning CirculationAndreas Schmittner, John C. H. Chiang, and Sidney R. Hemming 1Discovery and Quantification of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: The Importance of 25°NHannah R. Longworth and Harry L. Bryden 5Section 2. Theory and PerspectivesA Simple Theory of the Pycnocline and Overturning RevisitedAnand Gnanadesikan, Agatha M. de Boer, and Bryan K. Mignone 19Buoyancy-Driven Flow and Nature of Vertical Mixing in a Zonally Averaged ModelOlivier Marchal, Charles Jackson, Johan Nilsson, André Paul, and Thomas F. Stocker 33The Past and Future Ocean Circulation From a Contemporary PerspectiveCarl Wunsch 53Section 3. Current State and TrendPresent-Day Manifestation of the Nordic Seas OverflowsDetlef Quadfasel and Rolf Käse 75Circulation and Deep Water Export of the Subpolar North Atlantic During the 1990'sFriedrich A. Schott and Peter Brandt 91Strength and Variability of the Deep Limb of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation From Chlorofluorocarbon InventoriesW. M. Smethie, Jr., Deborah A. LeBel, Rana A. Fine, Monika Rhein, and Dagmar Kieke 119Section 4. Decadal to Centennial VariabilityDecadal to Centennial Variability of the Atlantic From Observations and ModelsThomas L. Delworth, Rong Zhang, and Michael E. Mann 131Decadal to Multidecadal Variability of the Atlantic MOC: Mechanisms and PredictabilityM. Latif, C. W. Böning, J. Willebrand, A. Biastoch, F. Alvarez-Garcia, N. Keenlyside, and H. Pohlmann 149Section 5. Past States and Millennial VariabilityIs the Frequency of Abrupt Climate Change Modulated by the Orbital Insolation?J. A. Rial and M. Yang 16714C Reservoir Ages Show Deglacial Changes in Ocean Currents and Carbon CycleMichael Sarnthein, Pieter M. Grootes, James P. Kennett, and Marie-Josee Nadeau 175Phasing of Millennial Climate Events and Northeast Atlantic Deep-Water Temperature Change Since 50 ka BPL. C. Skinner, H. Elderfield, and M. Hall 197Mechanisms for an ~7-kyr Climate and Sea-Level Oscillation During Marine Isotope Stage 3Peter U. Clark, Steven W. Hostetler, Nicklas G. Pisias, Andreas Schmittner, and Katrin J. Meissner 209North Atlantic Intermediate Depth Variability During the Younger Dryas: Evidence From Benthic Foraminiferal Mg/Ca and the GFDL R30 Coupled Climate ModelRosemarie E. Came, William B. Curry, Delia W. Oppo, Anthony J. Broccoli, Ronald J. Stouffer, and Jean Lynch-Stieglitz 247Section 6. Impact on Climate, Ecosystems, and Biogeochemical CyclesMusings About the Connection Between Thermohaline Circulation and ClimateWallace S. Broecker 265Millennial-Scale Interhemispheric Asymmetry of Low-Latitude Precipation: Speleothem Evidence and Possible High-Latitude ForcingXianfeng Wang, R. Lawrence Edwards, Augusto S. Auler, Hai Cheng, and Emi Ito 279Adjustment of the Global Climate to an Abrupt Slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning CirculationWei Cheng, Cecilia M. Bitz, and John C.H. Chiang 295Impact of the Ocean's Overturning Circulation on Atmospheric CO2Andreas Schmittner, Edward J. Brook, and Jinho Ahn 315Antarctic Stratification, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Heinrich Events: A Hypothesis for Late Pleistocene DeglaciationsDaniel M. Sigman, Agatha M. de Boer, and Gerald H. Haug 335Section 7. Future ProjectionsResponse of the Meridional Overturning Circulation During Differing Pathways Toward Greenhouse Gas StabilizationF. O. Bryan, N. Nakashiki, Y. Yoshida, and K. Maruyama 351Projected Strengthening of the Southern Ocean Winds: Some Implications for the Deep Ocean CirculationOleg A. Saenko 365Effect of the Greenland Ice-Sheet Melting on the Response and Stability of the AMOC in the Next CenturiesDidier Swingedouw and Pascale Braconnot 383