Michael Perman is Professor of History and Research Professor in the Humanities at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He received his B.A. at Oxford University and his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. He has written three books on the late nineteenth century South—Reunion Without Compromise: The South and Reconstruction, 1865-1868 (1973), The Road to Redemption: Southern Politics, 1869-1879 (1984), which won three book prizes, and Struggle for Mastery: Disfranchisement in the South, 1888-1908 (2001). He is also editor of Major Problems in the Civil War and Reconstruction (1998), The Coming of the American Civil War (1993), and Perspectives on the American Past (1995). He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1979-80 and has been appointed the John Adams Distinguished Professor in American History in the Netherlands, 2002-2003.

• Foreword VIIAcknowledgments, Second Edition XIAcknowledgments, First Edition XIIIIntroduction: Emancipation and Reconstruction in History 1Chapter One: Shaping Emancipation, 1861-1870 6From Slave Labor to Free Labor 7The Response to Emancipation 12The Impact of Emancipation 27Chapter Two: Planning Reconstruction, 1865-1868 40Presidential Reconstruction 40Congressional Reconstruction 51Chapter Three: Implementing Reconstruction, 1868-1873 73The Republican Party in the South 73The Achievement of Southern Reconstruction 86Chapter Four: Ending Reconstruction, 1874-1879 103Collapse in the South 103Neglect in the North 118Conclusion: The Dilemma of Reconstruction 142Bibliographical Essay 145Index 163Photographs follow page 92

Michael Perman is Professor of History and Research Professor in the Humanities at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He received his B.A. at Oxford University and his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. He has written three books on the late nineteenth century South—Reunion Without Compromise: The South and Reconstruction, 1865-1868 (1973), The Road to Redemption: Southern Politics, 1869-1879 (1984), which won three book prizes, and Struggle for Mastery: Disfranchisement in the South, 1888-1908 (2001). He is also editor of Major Problems in the Civil War and Reconstruction (1998), The Coming of the American Civil War (1993), and Perspectives on the American Past (1995). He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1979-80 and has been appointed the John Adams Distinguished Professor in American History in the Netherlands, 2002-2003.

• Foreword VIIAcknowledgments, Second Edition XIAcknowledgments, First Edition XIIIIntroduction: Emancipation and Reconstruction in History 1Chapter One: Shaping Emancipation, 1861-1870 6From Slave Labor to Free Labor 7The Response to Emancipation 12The Impact of Emancipation 27Chapter Two: Planning Reconstruction, 1865-1868 40Presidential Reconstruction 40Congressional Reconstruction 51Chapter Three: Implementing Reconstruction, 1868-1873 73The Republican Party in the South 73The Achievement of Southern Reconstruction 86Chapter Four: Ending Reconstruction, 1874-1879 103Collapse in the South 103Neglect in the North 118Conclusion: The Dilemma of Reconstruction 142Bibliographical Essay 145Index 163Photographs follow page 92