Alexandre Barbosa is Professor of Economic History and International Economics at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. His research interests include the study of inequality and the labour market in Brazil, both in the present and in the past; the role of developmentalism in Brazilian economic history; and Brazil's pattern of economic international integration, particularly the impact of the rise of China and the potential of South-South cooperation. Maria Cristina Cacciamali is Professor of Latin American Political Economy, Public Policy and Labour Studies at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. She is also Senior Researcher of the Brazilian National Research Council in political economy and comparative studies of labour markets, institutions, income distribution and informal economy. Gerry Rodgers is Visiting Professor at the Institute for Human Development, New Delhi. He has worked in the fields of poverty, inequality, labour, human resources and employment, especially in India and in Latin America, and has published widely in these fields. His current research is concerned with inclusive development in Bihar, and with the differing experiences of labour market inequality in Brazil and India.

• List of tables; List of graphs and maps; Preface and acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; 1. Brazil and India: a mirror image of each other?; 2. Approach and method 3. India and Brazil in the decades; 4. India and Brazil from 1980 until the present; 5. Key divides and cleavages: ruptures, continuities, or adaptation?; 6. Inequality in social and economic context; 7. Post-script; Index.

Alexandre Barbosa is Professor of Economic History and International Economics at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. His research interests include the study of inequality and the labour market in Brazil, both in the present and in the past; the role of developmentalism in Brazilian economic history; and Brazil's pattern of economic international integration, particularly the impact of the rise of China and the potential of South-South cooperation. Maria Cristina Cacciamali is Professor of Latin American Political Economy, Public Policy and Labour Studies at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. She is also Senior Researcher of the Brazilian National Research Council in political economy and comparative studies of labour markets, institutions, income distribution and informal economy. Gerry Rodgers is Visiting Professor at the Institute for Human Development, New Delhi. He has worked in the fields of poverty, inequality, labour, human resources and employment, especially in India and in Latin America, and has published widely in these fields. His current research is concerned with inclusive development in Bihar, and with the differing experiences of labour market inequality in Brazil and India.

• List of tables; List of graphs and maps; Preface and acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; 1. Brazil and India: a mirror image of each other?; 2. Approach and method 3. India and Brazil in the decades; 4. India and Brazil from 1980 until the present; 5. Key divides and cleavages: ruptures, continuities, or adaptation?; 6. Inequality in social and economic context; 7. Post-script; Index.

Alexandre Barbosa is Professor of Economic History and International Economics at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. His research interests include the study of inequality and the labour market in Brazil, both in the present and in the past; the role of developmentalism in Brazilian economic history; and Brazil's pattern of economic international integration, particularly the impact of the rise of China and the potential of South-South cooperation. Maria Cristina Cacciamali is Professor of Latin American Political Economy, Public Policy and Labour Studies at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. She is also Senior Researcher of the Brazilian National Research Council in political economy and comparative studies of labour markets, institutions, income distribution and informal economy. Gerry Rodgers is Visiting Professor at the Institute for Human Development, New Delhi. He has worked in the fields of poverty, inequality, labour, human resources and employment, especially in India and in Latin America, and has published widely in these fields. His current research is concerned with inclusive development in Bihar, and with the differing experiences of labour market inequality in Brazil and India.

• List of tables; List of graphs and maps; Preface and acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; 1. Brazil and India: a mirror image of each other?; 2. Approach and method 3. India and Brazil in the decades; 4. India and Brazil from 1980 until the present; 5. Key divides and cleavages: ruptures, continuities, or adaptation?; 6. Inequality in social and economic context; 7. Post-script; Index.