Mao Haijian is a professor of history at the University of Macau and East China Normal University. He studied at Sun Yat-sen University and East China Normal University. He has previously held appointments at the Institute of Military Science, the Institute of Modern History at the Chinese Academy of Social Science, and Peking University. His books and essays have won numerous prizes, and include several monographs on the Hundred Days' Reform of 1898, a further monograph on the Opium Wars, and a biography of the Xianfeng emperor.

Select Guide Rating

• Introduction; 1. Qing military power; 2. The unexpected war; 3. From 'suppression' to 'conciliation', and back; 4. The 'battle' of Guangzhou; 5. The collapse of the southeastern ramparts; 6. The resurgence of the idea of 'conciliation'; 7. 'Equal' and 'unequal'; 8. The testimony of history; Character list; Bibliography; Index.

Mao Haijian is a professor of history at the University of Macau and East China Normal University. He studied at Sun Yat-sen University and East China Normal University. He has previously held appointments at the Institute of Military Science, the Institute of Modern History at the Chinese Academy of Social Science, and Peking University. His books and essays have won numerous prizes, and include several monographs on the Hundred Days' Reform of 1898, a further monograph on the Opium Wars, and a biography of the Xianfeng emperor.

Select Guide Rating

• Introduction; 1. Qing military power; 2. The unexpected war; 3. From 'suppression' to 'conciliation', and back; 4. The 'battle' of Guangzhou; 5. The collapse of the southeastern ramparts; 6. The resurgence of the idea of 'conciliation'; 7. 'Equal' and 'unequal'; 8. The testimony of history; Character list; Bibliography; Index.