Metabolic Syndrome and Neurological Disorders

AKHLAQ FAROOQUI is an Adjunct Associate Professor of Medical Biochemistry at Ohio State University. He is author of over 180 peer-reviewed research articles, and author/editor of eight books and an expert in fields of glycerophospholipid metabolism, excitotoxicity, bioactive ether lipids, and phospholipases A2 in brain. TAHIRA FAROOQUI is a Research Scientist in the Department of Entomology at Ohio State University. She is the author of 40 peer-reviewed research articles and several monographs and an expert on glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, biogenic amines, and neural plasticity.

• Foreword Mark P. Mattson xiPreface Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui xiiiAcknowledgments Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui xvContributors xvii1 Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Failure Underlie Alzheimer Disease 1Suzanne M. de la Monte and Ming Tong2 Insulin Receptor and the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease 31Johanna Zemva and Markus Schubert3 Contribution of Insulin Resistance in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease 51Adnan Erol4 Insulin–Leptin Signaling in the Brain 75Vicente Barrios, Emma Burgos-Ramos, and Jes´us Argente5 The Janus Face of Insulin in Brain 85Ana Duarte, Emanuel Candeias, S´onia C. Correia, Renato X. Santos, Cristina Carvalho, Susana Cardoso, Ana I. Pl´acido, Maria S. Santos, Catarina R. Oliveira, and Paula I. Moreira6 Modulation of Cognition by Insulin and Aging: Implications for Alzheimer Disease 115Maite Solas and Maria J. Ram´ýrez7 Contribution of Phospholipid, Sphingolipids, and Cholesterol-Derived Lipid Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome and Neurological Disorders 137Akhlaq A. Farooqui and Tahira Farooqui8 Lipids, Cholesterol, and Oxidized Cholesterol in Alzheimer Amyloid Beta-MediatedNeurotoxicity 163Mun’delanji C. Vestergaard, Masamune Morita, Tsutomu Hamada, and Masahiro Takagi9 Of Sound Mind and Body: Dietary Lifestyles, Promotion of Healthy Brain Aging, and Prevention of Dementia in Healthy Individuals 179Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Amanda Bilski, Lap Ho, Jun Wang, Mario Ferruzzi, Masahito Yamada, Kenjiro Ono, and Salvatore Mannino10 Metabolic Syndrome as an Independent Risk Factor of Silent Brain Infarction 191Jae-Sung Lim and Hyung-Min Kwon11 Neurochemical Linkage Among Metabolic Syndrome, Alzheimer Disease, and Depression 197Undurti N. Das12 Alterations in the Endocannabinoid System as a Link Between Unbalanced Energy Homeostasis, Neuroinflammation, and Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders 219Tiziana Bisogno and Vincenzo Di Marzo13 Metabolic Syndrome, Alzheimer Disease, Schizophrenia, and Depression: Role for Leptin, Melatonin, Kynurenine Pathways, and Neuropeptides 235George Anderson and Michael Maes14 Binge Eating and Metabolic Syndrome 249Ignacio J´auregui-Lobera15 Phytochemical Principles in the Traditional Indian System of Medicine Used for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome 261Syed Ibrahim Rizvi and Neetu Mishra16 Oxidative Stress and Obesity: Their Impact on Metabolic Syndrome 275Morihiro Matsuda and Iichiro Shimomura17 The Relationship Among Obesity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance 283Jean-Philippe Bastard and Bruno F`eve18 Involvement of Adipocytokines in Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome 297Hardik Gandhi and Ramachandran Balaraman19 Obesity, Inflammation, and Vascular Disease: Novel Insight in the Role of Adipose Tissue 311Paolo Calabro, Enrica Golia, Valeria Maddaloni, Giuseppe Limongelli, Brunella Ziello, Fabio Fimiani, Ilaria Jane Romano, Mario Crisci, Maria Giovanna Russo, Edward T.H. Yeh, and Raffaele Calabro20 Is Diabetes a Risk Factor for Parkinson Disease? 327Akhlaq A. Farooqui and Tahira Farooqui21 Role of Iron in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome 335Lu Cai22 Contributions of AMP Kinase to the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and Neurodegenerative Diseases 363Mohamed Kodiha, Hicham Mahboubi, and Ursula Stochaj23 A_ Deposition, Insulin Signaling, and Tau Phosphorylation in Animal Models of Alzheimer Disease and Diabetes 383Naoyuki Sato and Ryuichi Morishita24 In Vivo Evidence of the Convergence of Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease 395Sun Ah Park25 Metabolic Syndrome and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease 409John A. Larry26 Contribution of Inflammation, Adiponectin, and Obesity in Cardiovascular Diseases 423Harald Mangge and Gunter Almer27 Brain and Cardiovascular Diseases: Molecular Aspects 439Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska28 Molecular Aspects of Dietary–Exercise Regimen for the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome 461Wataru Aoi29 Ghrelin, Lipid Metabolism, and Metabolic Syndrome 475Pablo B. Mart´ýnez de Morentin, Sulay Tovar, Rub´en Nogueiras, Miguel L´opez, and Carlos Di´eguez30 Leptin and Cognitive Function 485Jenni Harvey31 Fructose, Sugar Consumption, and Metabolic Diseases 501Virgile Lecoultre and Luc Tappy32 Inflammation-Mediated Cognitive and Emotional Alterations in Experimental Models of Metabolic Syndrome 515Nathalie Castanon and Sophie Lay´e 33 Summary and Perspective 529Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. FarooquiIndex 539Color plate section is located between pages 196 and 197.