DR. NATALIA V. PLECHKOVA attained her BSc and MSc in chemical engineering at the Russian Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, and her PhD in chemistry, under the guidance of Professor Seddon. Since then she has been a research fellow and project manager in the QUILL (Queen’s University Ionic Liquid Laboratories) Research Centre, focussing on various aspects of ionic liquids, including their synthesis, characterisation, and applications.PROF. KENNETH R. SEDDON is Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the Queen’s University of Belfast, and director of the QUILL Research Centre, a world-leading industrial-academic consortium that was awarded the 2006 Queen’s Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education and has just been involved with implementing a full-scale process for removing mercury from natural gas streams with Petronas Chemicals, for which an unprecedented three global IChemE awards were presented in November 2013.

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• COIL Conferences viiPreface ixAcknowledgements xiContributors xiiiAbbreviations xv1 Ionic Liquid and Petrochemistry: A Patent Survey 1Philippe Bonnet, Anne Pigamo, Didier Bernard, and Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou2 Supercritical Fluids in Ionic Liquids 39Maaike C. Kroon and Cor J. Peters3 The Phase Behaviour of 1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids 59Keiko Nishikawa4 Ionic Liquid Membrane Technology 87João G. Crespo and Richard D. Noble5 Engineering Simulations 117David Rooney and Norfaizah ab Manan6 Molecular Simulation of Ionic Liquids: Where We Are and the Path Forward 149Jindal K. Shah and Edward J. Maginn7 Biocatalytic Reactions in Ionic Liquids 193Florian Stein and Udo Kragl8 Ionicity in Ionic Liquids: Origin of Characteristic Properties of Ionic Liquids 217Masayoshi Watanabe and Hiroyuki Tokuda9 Dielectric Properties of Ionic Liquids: Achievements So Far and Challenges Remaining 235Hermann Weingärtner10 Ionic Liquid Radiation Chemistry 259James F. Wishart11 Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids 275Qing Zhou, Xingmei Lu, Suojiang Zhang, and Liangliang GuoIndex 309

DR. NATALIA V. PLECHKOVA attained her BSc and MSc in chemical engineering at the Russian Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, and her PhD in chemistry, under the guidance of Professor Seddon. Since then she has been a research fellow and project manager in the QUILL (Queen’s University Ionic Liquid Laboratories) Research Centre, focussing on various aspects of ionic liquids, including their synthesis, characterisation, and applications.PROF. KENNETH R. SEDDON is Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the Queen’s University of Belfast, and director of the QUILL Research Centre, a world-leading industrial-academic consortium that was awarded the 2006 Queen’s Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education and has just been involved with implementing a full-scale process for removing mercury from natural gas streams with Petronas Chemicals, for which an unprecedented three global IChemE awards were presented in November 2013.

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• COIL Conferences viiPreface ixAcknowledgements xiContributors xiiiAbbreviations xv1 Ionic Liquid and Petrochemistry: A Patent Survey 1Philippe Bonnet, Anne Pigamo, Didier Bernard, and Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou2 Supercritical Fluids in Ionic Liquids 39Maaike C. Kroon and Cor J. Peters3 The Phase Behaviour of 1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids 59Keiko Nishikawa4 Ionic Liquid Membrane Technology 87João G. Crespo and Richard D. Noble5 Engineering Simulations 117David Rooney and Norfaizah ab Manan6 Molecular Simulation of Ionic Liquids: Where We Are and the Path Forward 149Jindal K. Shah and Edward J. Maginn7 Biocatalytic Reactions in Ionic Liquids 193Florian Stein and Udo Kragl8 Ionicity in Ionic Liquids: Origin of Characteristic Properties of Ionic Liquids 217Masayoshi Watanabe and Hiroyuki Tokuda9 Dielectric Properties of Ionic Liquids: Achievements So Far and Challenges Remaining 235Hermann Weingärtner10 Ionic Liquid Radiation Chemistry 259James F. Wishart11 Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids 275Qing Zhou, Xingmei Lu, Suojiang Zhang, and Liangliang GuoIndex 309

DR. NATALIA V. PLECHKOVA attained her BSc and MSc in chemical engineering at the Russian Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, and her PhD in chemistry, under the guidance of Professor Seddon. Since then she has been a research fellow and project manager in the QUILL (Queen’s University Ionic Liquid Laboratories) Research Centre, focussing on various aspects of ionic liquids, including their synthesis, characterisation, and applications.PROF. KENNETH R. SEDDON is Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the Queen’s University of Belfast, and director of the QUILL Research Centre, a world-leading industrial-academic consortium that was awarded the 2006 Queen’s Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education and has just been involved with implementing a full-scale process for removing mercury from natural gas streams with Petronas Chemicals, for which an unprecedented three global IChemE awards were presented in November 2013.

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• COIL Conferences viiPreface ixAcknowledgements xiContributors xiiiAbbreviations xv1 Ionic Liquid and Petrochemistry: A Patent Survey 1Philippe Bonnet, Anne Pigamo, Didier Bernard, and Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou2 Supercritical Fluids in Ionic Liquids 39Maaike C. Kroon and Cor J. Peters3 The Phase Behaviour of 1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids 59Keiko Nishikawa4 Ionic Liquid Membrane Technology 87João G. Crespo and Richard D. Noble5 Engineering Simulations 117David Rooney and Norfaizah ab Manan6 Molecular Simulation of Ionic Liquids: Where We Are and the Path Forward 149Jindal K. Shah and Edward J. Maginn7 Biocatalytic Reactions in Ionic Liquids 193Florian Stein and Udo Kragl8 Ionicity in Ionic Liquids: Origin of Characteristic Properties of Ionic Liquids 217Masayoshi Watanabe and Hiroyuki Tokuda9 Dielectric Properties of Ionic Liquids: Achievements So Far and Challenges Remaining 235Hermann Weingärtner10 Ionic Liquid Radiation Chemistry 259James F. Wishart11 Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids 275Qing Zhou, Xingmei Lu, Suojiang Zhang, and Liangliang GuoIndex 309