Equine Neurology

Martin Furr, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM, is Adelaide Riggs Chair of Internal Medicine, Chief of Medicine, and Professor of Medicine at the Marion duPont Scott Equine Medicine Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.Stephen Reed, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM, is former Professor and Head of Equine Medicine and Surgery at the Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, USA and is currently affiliated with Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.

“I thoroughly recommend it and would not be without it now.”  (Veterinary Record, 14 November 2015)“The second edition of Equine Neurologyedited by Martin Furr and Stephen Reed is a valuable reference for veterinary students, general practitioners, and specialists.”  (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 September 2015)

• Contributors List viiPreface ixVideo Clips Demonstrating Clinical Signs xSection 1: Foundations of Clinical Neurology1 Overview of Neuroanatomy 3Caroline Hahn and Jerry Masty2 Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Blood–Brain Barrier 21Martin Furr3 Immunology of the Central Nervous System 36Martin Furr4 Pharmaceutical Considerations for Treatment of Central Nervous System Disease 46Véronique A. Lacombe and Martin Furr5 Fundamental Neurophysiology 58Craig Johnson and Caroline HahnSection 2: Clinical Equine Neurology6 Examination of the Nervous System 67Martin Furr and Stephen Reed7 Differential Diagnosis and Management of Horses with Seizures or Alterations in Consciousness 79Véronique A. Lacombe and Martin Furr8 Differential Diagnosis of Equine Spinal Ataxia 93Martin Furr9 Differential Diagnosis and Management of Cranial Nerve Abnormalities 99Robert J. MacKay10 Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Horses 123Joseph J. Bertone11 Headshaking 130Monica Aleman and Kirstie Pickles12 Differential Diagnosis of Urinary Incontinence and Cauda Equina Syndrome 139Melissa Hines13 Differential Diagnosis of Muscle Tremor and Paresis 149Amy L. Johnson14 Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of the Nervous System 157George M. Strain, Frank Andrews and Veronique A. Lacombe15 Anesthetic Considerations for Horses with Neurologic Disorders 184Adriana G. Silva16 The Basics of Equine Neuropathology 191Fabio Del Piero and John L. Robertson17 Diagnostic Imaging of the Equine Nervous System 215Katherine GarrettSection 3: Specific Disease Syndromes18 Equid Herpesvirus‐Associated Myeloencephalopathy 225Lutz S. Goehring19 Mosquito‐Borne Infections Affecting the Central Nervous System 233Maureen T. Long20 Contagious Neurological Diseases 262Maureen T. Long21 Bacterial Infections of the Central Nervous System 273Martin Furr22 Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis 285Martin Furr and Daniel K. Howe23 Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System 306Martin Furr24 Miscellaneous Infections of the Central Nervous System 314Martin Furr25 Disorders Associated with Clostridial Neurotoxins: Botulism and Tetanus 319Martin Furr26 Neurodegenerative Disorders 328Robert J. MacKay27 Equine Hepatic Encephalopathy 343Tom Divers28 Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy 349Amy L. Johnson and Stephen Reed29 Electrolyte Abnormalities and Neurologic Dysfunction in Horses 368Ramiro E. Toribio30 Cervical Articular Process Disease Fractures and Other Axial Skeletal Disorders 386Richard Hepburn31 Congenital Malformation of the Nervous System 401Martin Furr32 Central Nervous System Trauma 406Yvette S. Nout‐Lomas33 Disorders of the Peripheral Nervous System 429Martin Furr34 Equine Neurotoxic Agents and Conditions 437Martin Furr35 Neonatal Encephalopathy and Related Conditions 455Martin Furr36 Miscellaneous Movement Disorders 465Caroline Hahn37 Stereotypic and Behavior Disorders 472Carissa L. Wickens and Katherine A. Houpt38 Miscellaneous Conditions 484Martin FurrIndex 488