Chief EditorRoss D. Farhadieh, BSc(Med)Hons,MB BS, MD, EBOPRASF, FRACS(Plast), FRCS(Plast), Panthea Plastic Surgery Clinics, Sydney & Canberra, Australia; Australian National University, Medical School, Canberra, AustraliaEditors Neil W. Bulstrode BSc(Med)Hons, MB BS, MD, FRCS(Plast), Clinical lead Plastic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UKSabrina Cugno MD, MSc, FRCSC, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Department of Plastic Surgery, Montreal's Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada

“This textbook is aimed at the trainee and young plastic surgeon, but it is extremely comprehensive and sufficiently detailed for any practitioner. The information is succinct, yet complete and up to date. . . . For a single-volume book, the detailed knowledge presented is impressive. . . . I think this is a great book. It is packed with good and up-to-date information, and I think it will be an invaluable resource for trainees but also for all plastic surgeons. The editors are to be congratulated on achieving a very difficult task with such success.”- From a review by Peter C. Neligan, MB, in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Approaches and Techniques is a wonderful resource for trainees and junior faculty who need a thorough but clear review of the wide spectrum of issues encountered in plastic surgery. The chapters provide a concise review of the relevant anatomy, pathophysiology, and available surgical options for each topic.”- from a review by Kevin E. Brandt, MD, FACS, William G. Hamm Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Executive Director-Elect of the American Board of Plastic Surgery, for Aesthetic Surgery Journal"The authors here have concentrated all this useful information into their chapters in a quite outstanding manner. Any plastic surgeon of whatever maturity will find this an excellent purchase which he/she will have no reason to regret."- from a review by Douglas H. Harrison in Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

• Contributors viiiForeword xvDedication xviPreface xviiAbout the Companion Website xviiiPart I: Basic Science and Principles1 Wound healing and scar formation 3Simon R. Myers and Ali M. Ghanem2 Basic skin flaps and blood supply 12Edwin J. Morrison and Wayne A.J. Morrison3 Biomaterials and structural fat grafting 22Naghmeh Naderi, Behzad Ardehali and Afshin Mosahebi4 Local anaesthetics 34Yasamin Ziabari5 Lasers 44Se-Hwang Liew6 Tissue expansion 51Dariush Nikkhah Lara Yildirimer and Neil W. Bulstrode7 Tissue engineering 62Lara Yildirimer and Alexander SeifalianPart II: Integument8 Skin structure 79Anthony Barker9 Melanoma 88Carlo Riccardo Rossi and Antonio Sommariva10 Non‐melanoma skin cancers 100Michael Findlay and Mina S. Ally11 Atypical skin lesions 115Michael Findlay and Michael A. Henderson12 Allotransplantation 130Maria Siemionow and Fatih Zor13 Radiation therapy and soft tissue response 144Gurdip Kaur Azad and Carie Corner14 Burns: acute care and reconstruction 153Peter DziewulskiPart III: Paediatric Plastic Surgery and Congenital Disorders15 Congenital melanocytic naevi 183Sabrina Cugno, Veronica Kinsler and Neil W. Bulstrode16 Vascular anomalies 192Sabrina Cugno, Alex Barnacle, John Harper and Neil W. Bulstrode17 Cleft lip 204Marc C. Swan and David M. Fisher18 Cleft palate and velopharyngeal dysfunction 219Sabrina Cugno and Brian C. Sommerlad19 Congenital ear anomalies 238Sabrina Cugno and Neil W. Bulstrode20 Craniofacial clefts 255Irene M.J. Mathijssen and Sarah L. Versnel21 Craniosynostosis 264Aina V.H. Greig and David J. Dunaway22 Orthognathic surgery 279Tim Lloyd, Ravinder Pabla, Sujata Sharma and Nigel Hunt23 Facial reanimation 295Jonathan I. Leckenby and Adriaan O. GrobbelaarPart IV: Head and Neck Reconstruction24 Head and neck malignancy: staging and neck dissections 309Andrew N. Morritt, Marlene S. See and Navid Jallali25 Oral tongue reconstruction 318Stuart Archibald, Michael Gupta and Achilleas Thoma26 Mandibular reconstruction 330Christopher Glenn Wallace, Chung‐Kan Tsao and Fu‐Chan Wei27 Maxillary reconstruction 338Achilleas Thoma, Michael Gupta and Stuart Archibald28 Pharyngeal reconstruction 349Ross D. Farhadieh and Wayne A.J. Morrison29 Skull base reconstruction 362Ross D. Farhadieh and Wayne A.J. Morrison30 Cheek reconstruction 366Adam C. Gascoigne and Ross D. Farhadieh31 Lip reconstruction 377Marlene S. See, Andrew N. Morritt and Navid Jallali32 Nasal reconstruction 390Jean‐Brice Duron and Marc Revol33 Eyelid reconstruction 407Konal Saha and Naresh Joshi34 Ear reconstruction 416Françoise Firmin and Neil W. Bulstrode35 Scalp and calvarial reconstruction 427Christopher Glenn Wallace and Fu‐Chan Wei36 Facial trauma 437David DavidPart V: Breast37 Anatomy and physiology of the breast 479Giovanni Bistoni and Jian Farhadi38 Breast augmentation 486Ross D. Farhadieh and Jian Farhadi39 Breast reconstruction 499Phillip Blondeel, Maria Athanasiadou and Andreas Tromaropoulos40 Gynaecomastia and tuberous breast 519Afshin Mosahebi and Amir Sadri41 Mastopexy and breast reduction 530Elizabeth J. Hall‐FindlayPart VI: Trunk and Lower Limb42 Chest wall reconstruction 551Mazyar Kanani and Martin J. Elliott Simon Withey and Robert Pearl43 Abdominal wall reconstruction 564William A. Townley and Stefan O.P. Hofer44 Genitourinary and perineal reconstruction 575Niri S. Niranjan Paige Fox, Paul Mittermiller and Gordon K. Lee Kathryn Evans and Imran Mushtaq45 Pressure sores 597Adam C. Gascoigne and Stephen Flood46 Lower limb reconstruction 607James K. Chan, Matthew D. Gardiner, Michael Pearse and Jagdeep Nanchahal47 Lymphoedema 628Kelvin Ramsey and Peter MortimerPart VII: Upper Limb48 Hand examination and investigations 645J. Henk Coert Peter Hoogvliet and Willem D. Rinkel49 Congenital hand differences 660Bran Sivakumar, Jonathan Adamthwaite and Paul Smith50 Finger tip injuries 688Donald Sammut and Robert Pearl51 Flexor tendon injuries 707Sarah Tucker and Georgina Williams52 Extensor tendon injuries 722Gregory McCarten53 Tendon transfers 733Adam C. Gascoigne and Stephen Flood54 Amputations, replantation and thumb reconstruction 752Gráinne Bourke55 Compartment syndrome in the extremities 769Steven E.R. Hovius and Tim H.J. Nijhuis56 Nerve injury repair and reconstruction 777Renata V. Weber, Andrew Yee, Michael M. Bottros and Susan E. Mackinnon57 Brachial plexus injuries and reanimation 797Kirsty U. Boyd, Kristen M. Davidge and Susan E. Mackinnon58 Nerve compressions 813Kristen M. Davidge and Susan E. Mackinnon59 Dupuytren disease 838Paul M.N. Werker60 Fractures and dislocations in the hand 850Barbara Jemec and Nicola Burr61 Osteoarthritis and prosthetic joints in the hand 861Adam C. Watts and Ian A. Trail62 Wrist pathology 878Owen L. Ala, T. Shane Johnson and L. Scott Levin63 Rheumatoid arthritis of the hand and wrist 890Rebecca Ayers and Mark Pickford64 Lesions of the hand 904Richard D. Lawson, David A. Stewart and Michael A. TonkinPart VIII: Aesthetic Surgery65 Facial anatomy and ageing 923Chin‐Ho Wong and Bryan C. Mendelson66 Non‐operative facial rejuvenation 940Jean Carruthers and Alastair Carruthers67 Forehead lift 948Timothy J. Marten and Dino Elyassnia68 Upper eyelid rejuvenation 967Adil Ceydeli, Tong C. Duong and Robert S. Flowers69 Lower eyelid–cheek junction rejuvenation 976Sam T. Hamra70 Facelift 992Bryan C. Mendelson and Ross D. Farhadieh71 Neck lift 1004Timothy J. Marten and Dino Elyassnia72 Rhinoplasty 1032David Stepnick, Catherine Weng and Bahman Guyuron73 Genioplasty 1047Nicholas Lee, Deepak Komath and Tim Lloyd74 Blepharoptosis 1063Alan A. McNab75 Liposuction and liposculpture 1075Darryl J. Hodgkinson76 Abdominoplasty and body contouring 1083Alexander Stoff and Dirk F. RichterPart IX: Military Simulation Training and Exams77 Simulation learning in plastic surgery 1107Ali M. Ghanem and Simon R. Myers78 Military plastic surgery 1121Robert M.T. Staruch and Shehan Hettiaratchy79 Plastic surgery fellowship and board exams 1129Robert Pearl, Youssef Tahiri, Sabrina Cugno and Ross D. FarhadiehIndex 1135

Chief EditorRoss D. Farhadieh, BSc(Med)Hons,MB BS, MD, EBOPRASF, FRACS(Plast), FRCS(Plast), Panthea Plastic Surgery Clinics, Sydney & Canberra, Australia; Australian National University, Medical School, Canberra, AustraliaEditors Neil W. Bulstrode BSc(Med)Hons, MB BS, MD, FRCS(Plast), Clinical lead Plastic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UKSabrina Cugno MD, MSc, FRCSC, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Department of Plastic Surgery, Montreal's Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada

“This textbook is aimed at the trainee and young plastic surgeon, but it is extremely comprehensive and sufficiently detailed for any practitioner. The information is succinct, yet complete and up to date. . . . For a single-volume book, the detailed knowledge presented is impressive. . . . I think this is a great book. It is packed with good and up-to-date information, and I think it will be an invaluable resource for trainees but also for all plastic surgeons. The editors are to be congratulated on achieving a very difficult task with such success.”- From a review by Peter C. Neligan, MB, in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Approaches and Techniques is a wonderful resource for trainees and junior faculty who need a thorough but clear review of the wide spectrum of issues encountered in plastic surgery. The chapters provide a concise review of the relevant anatomy, pathophysiology, and available surgical options for each topic.”- from a review by Kevin E. Brandt, MD, FACS, William G. Hamm Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Executive Director-Elect of the American Board of Plastic Surgery, for Aesthetic Surgery Journal"The authors here have concentrated all this useful information into their chapters in a quite outstanding manner. Any plastic surgeon of whatever maturity will find this an excellent purchase which he/she will have no reason to regret."- from a review by Douglas H. Harrison in Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

• Contributors viiiForeword xvDedication xviPreface xviiAbout the Companion Website xviiiPart I: Basic Science and Principles1 Wound healing and scar formation 3Simon R. Myers and Ali M. Ghanem2 Basic skin flaps and blood supply 12Edwin J. Morrison and Wayne A.J. Morrison3 Biomaterials and structural fat grafting 22Naghmeh Naderi, Behzad Ardehali and Afshin Mosahebi4 Local anaesthetics 34Yasamin Ziabari5 Lasers 44Se-Hwang Liew6 Tissue expansion 51Dariush Nikkhah Lara Yildirimer and Neil W. Bulstrode7 Tissue engineering 62Lara Yildirimer and Alexander SeifalianPart II: Integument8 Skin structure 79Anthony Barker9 Melanoma 88Carlo Riccardo Rossi and Antonio Sommariva10 Non‐melanoma skin cancers 100Michael Findlay and Mina S. Ally11 Atypical skin lesions 115Michael Findlay and Michael A. Henderson12 Allotransplantation 130Maria Siemionow and Fatih Zor13 Radiation therapy and soft tissue response 144Gurdip Kaur Azad and Carie Corner14 Burns: acute care and reconstruction 153Peter DziewulskiPart III: Paediatric Plastic Surgery and Congenital Disorders15 Congenital melanocytic naevi 183Sabrina Cugno, Veronica Kinsler and Neil W. Bulstrode16 Vascular anomalies 192Sabrina Cugno, Alex Barnacle, John Harper and Neil W. Bulstrode17 Cleft lip 204Marc C. Swan and David M. Fisher18 Cleft palate and velopharyngeal dysfunction 219Sabrina Cugno and Brian C. Sommerlad19 Congenital ear anomalies 238Sabrina Cugno and Neil W. Bulstrode20 Craniofacial clefts 255Irene M.J. Mathijssen and Sarah L. Versnel21 Craniosynostosis 264Aina V.H. Greig and David J. Dunaway22 Orthognathic surgery 279Tim Lloyd, Ravinder Pabla, Sujata Sharma and Nigel Hunt23 Facial reanimation 295Jonathan I. Leckenby and Adriaan O. GrobbelaarPart IV: Head and Neck Reconstruction24 Head and neck malignancy: staging and neck dissections 309Andrew N. Morritt, Marlene S. See and Navid Jallali25 Oral tongue reconstruction 318Stuart Archibald, Michael Gupta and Achilleas Thoma26 Mandibular reconstruction 330Christopher Glenn Wallace, Chung‐Kan Tsao and Fu‐Chan Wei27 Maxillary reconstruction 338Achilleas Thoma, Michael Gupta and Stuart Archibald28 Pharyngeal reconstruction 349Ross D. Farhadieh and Wayne A.J. Morrison29 Skull base reconstruction 362Ross D. Farhadieh and Wayne A.J. Morrison30 Cheek reconstruction 366Adam C. Gascoigne and Ross D. Farhadieh31 Lip reconstruction 377Marlene S. See, Andrew N. Morritt and Navid Jallali32 Nasal reconstruction 390Jean‐Brice Duron and Marc Revol33 Eyelid reconstruction 407Konal Saha and Naresh Joshi34 Ear reconstruction 416Françoise Firmin and Neil W. Bulstrode35 Scalp and calvarial reconstruction 427Christopher Glenn Wallace and Fu‐Chan Wei36 Facial trauma 437David DavidPart V: Breast37 Anatomy and physiology of the breast 479Giovanni Bistoni and Jian Farhadi38 Breast augmentation 486Ross D. Farhadieh and Jian Farhadi39 Breast reconstruction 499Phillip Blondeel, Maria Athanasiadou and Andreas Tromaropoulos40 Gynaecomastia and tuberous breast 519Afshin Mosahebi and Amir Sadri41 Mastopexy and breast reduction 530Elizabeth J. Hall‐FindlayPart VI: Trunk and Lower Limb42 Chest wall reconstruction 551Mazyar Kanani and Martin J. Elliott Simon Withey and Robert Pearl43 Abdominal wall reconstruction 564William A. Townley and Stefan O.P. Hofer44 Genitourinary and perineal reconstruction 575Niri S. Niranjan Paige Fox, Paul Mittermiller and Gordon K. Lee Kathryn Evans and Imran Mushtaq45 Pressure sores 597Adam C. Gascoigne and Stephen Flood46 Lower limb reconstruction 607James K. Chan, Matthew D. Gardiner, Michael Pearse and Jagdeep Nanchahal47 Lymphoedema 628Kelvin Ramsey and Peter MortimerPart VII: Upper Limb48 Hand examination and investigations 645J. Henk Coert Peter Hoogvliet and Willem D. Rinkel49 Congenital hand differences 660Bran Sivakumar, Jonathan Adamthwaite and Paul Smith50 Finger tip injuries 688Donald Sammut and Robert Pearl51 Flexor tendon injuries 707Sarah Tucker and Georgina Williams52 Extensor tendon injuries 722Gregory McCarten53 Tendon transfers 733Adam C. Gascoigne and Stephen Flood54 Amputations, replantation and thumb reconstruction 752Gráinne Bourke55 Compartment syndrome in the extremities 769Steven E.R. Hovius and Tim H.J. Nijhuis56 Nerve injury repair and reconstruction 777Renata V. Weber, Andrew Yee, Michael M. Bottros and Susan E. Mackinnon57 Brachial plexus injuries and reanimation 797Kirsty U. Boyd, Kristen M. Davidge and Susan E. Mackinnon58 Nerve compressions 813Kristen M. Davidge and Susan E. Mackinnon59 Dupuytren disease 838Paul M.N. Werker60 Fractures and dislocations in the hand 850Barbara Jemec and Nicola Burr61 Osteoarthritis and prosthetic joints in the hand 861Adam C. Watts and Ian A. Trail62 Wrist pathology 878Owen L. Ala, T. Shane Johnson and L. Scott Levin63 Rheumatoid arthritis of the hand and wrist 890Rebecca Ayers and Mark Pickford64 Lesions of the hand 904Richard D. Lawson, David A. Stewart and Michael A. TonkinPart VIII: Aesthetic Surgery65 Facial anatomy and ageing 923Chin‐Ho Wong and Bryan C. Mendelson66 Non‐operative facial rejuvenation 940Jean Carruthers and Alastair Carruthers67 Forehead lift 948Timothy J. Marten and Dino Elyassnia68 Upper eyelid rejuvenation 967Adil Ceydeli, Tong C. Duong and Robert S. Flowers69 Lower eyelid–cheek junction rejuvenation 976Sam T. Hamra70 Facelift 992Bryan C. Mendelson and Ross D. Farhadieh71 Neck lift 1004Timothy J. Marten and Dino Elyassnia72 Rhinoplasty 1032David Stepnick, Catherine Weng and Bahman Guyuron73 Genioplasty 1047Nicholas Lee, Deepak Komath and Tim Lloyd74 Blepharoptosis 1063Alan A. McNab75 Liposuction and liposculpture 1075Darryl J. Hodgkinson76 Abdominoplasty and body contouring 1083Alexander Stoff and Dirk F. RichterPart IX: Military Simulation Training and Exams77 Simulation learning in plastic surgery 1107Ali M. Ghanem and Simon R. Myers78 Military plastic surgery 1121Robert M.T. Staruch and Shehan Hettiaratchy79 Plastic surgery fellowship and board exams 1129Robert Pearl, Youssef Tahiri, Sabrina Cugno and Ross D. FarhadiehIndex 1135