Dentist's Quick Guide to Medical Conditions

Mea Weinberg, DDS, MSD, RPh, is a practicing periodontist and licensed pharmacist, giving her unique experience and insight into medical conditions and their impact on dental treatment. She is a clinical associate professor of periodontology and implant dentistry at New York University. Dr. Weinberg has authored and co-authored numerous journal articles and has co-authored three books, including The Dentist’s Drug and Prescription Guide (Wiley, 2012). Stuart Segelnick, DDS, MS, is in private practice in Brooklyn, New York, and a clinical associate professor of periodontology and implant dentistry at the New York University College of Dentistry. Dr. Segelnick contributed as a consulting editor for The Dentist’s Drug and Prescription Guide (Wiley, 2012). Joseph Insler, MD, is Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, Boston University. Samuel Kramer, DDS, is a clinical assistant professor of endodontics at New York University College of Dentistry.

• Contributors xForeword xiPreface xii1 Gastrointestinal disorders 1A. Peptic ulcer disease 1B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease 4C. Irritable bowel syndrome 6D. Inflammatory bowel disease 7a. Crohn’s disease 7b. Ulcerative colitis 10E. Diverticular disease 11F. Acute pancreatitis 12G. Celiac sprue 13H. Pseudomembranous colitis 132 Medical conditions of the respiratory system 17A. Respiratory diseases 17a. Asthma 17b. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases 23c. Pulmonary tuberculosis 24d. Obstructive sleep apnea 273 Disorders of the urinary system 30A. Acute renal injury and chronic kidney disease 30B. Kidney dialysis 37C. Kidney transplant 39D. Polycystic kidney disease 42E. Benign prostatic hypertrophy 424 Diseases of the endocrine system 46A. Diabetes 46B. Thyroid diseases 50C. Adrenal gland disorders 535 Disorders of the cardiovascular system 59A. Hypertension 59B. Angina Pectoris 68Clinic 68C. Myocardial infarction 70D. Heart failure 73E. Arrhythmias 75F. Valvular heart disease 78G. Epinephrine in cardiac patients 796 Pregnancy, lactation, and oral contraceptives 82A. Pregnancy and lactation 82B. Oral contraceptives 897 Disorders of the liver and gallbladder 93A. Liver disease 93a. Alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis 98b. Hepatitis 99c. Liver transplant 103B. Gallstones 1058 Diseases of the neurological system 109A. Parkinson’s disease 109B. Multiple sclerosis 113C. Seizures 1169 Psychiatric disorders 125Introduction 125A. Antipsychotics 126a. Typical antipsychotics 127b. Atypical antipsychotics 128c. Anticholinergic medications 128B. Antidepressants 132a. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 133b. Tricyclics and tetracyclics 134c. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 135d. Selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) 136e. Others 136f. Summary: Dental interactions and side effects 136C. Mood stabilizers 138a. Lithium 139b. Valproic acid (Depakote) 140c. Lamotrigine (Lamictal) 140d. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) 141e. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) 141D. Alcohol and other drugs with addictive potential 142a. Alcohol 142b. Sedatives and hypnotics 143c. Opioids 143d. Cocaine 14510 Hematologic disorders and drugs that cause bleeding 149A. Brief overview of the coagulation process 149a. Thrombocytopenia 152b. Thrombocytopathy 153c. Antiplatelet medications 153B. Bleeding disorders: Coagulation disorders 154a. von Willebrand disease 154b. Hemophilias 155c. End-stage liver disease 156d. Anticoagulation medications 15711 Blood dyscrasias 171A. Red blood cell disorders 174a. Anemia 174b. Myeloproliferative disorders 181B. White blood cell disorders 182a. Leukemia 182b. Lymphoma 186c. Multiple myeloma 18712 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders 193A. Osteoporosis 193B. Osteoarthritis 197C. Rheumatoid arthritis 198D. Gout 201E. Fibromyalgia syndrome 203F. Systemic lupus erythematosus 205G. Sjögren’s syndrome 20813 HIV and oral health care 21414 Radiation and chemotherapy 237AppendicesAppendix A Antibiotic prophylaxis of the dental patient 252Appendix B Common dental drug interactions 255Appendix C Summary of tables/boxes 266Appendix D Interpretation of common laboratory values 270Index 274