Beginning Java Programming

About the authors Bart Baesens is a professor at KU Leuven and a lecturer at the University of Southampton, where he teaches various programming and database management courses. Aimée Backiel is a doctoral researcher at KU Leuven. She teaches basic programming in Java to learners from diverse backgrounds. Seppe vanden Broucke is a postdoctoral researcher at KU Leuven. He uses Java daily, giving him insight into useful applications for practitioners. Visit us at wrox.com where you have access to free code samples, Programmer to Programmer forums, and discussions on the latest happenings in the industry from around the world.

"Learning Java is a big subject, and this is a big book to match. I would recommend this book top anyone who is serious in learning to program in Java." (BCS - The Chartered Institute for IT, February 2017)

• Introduction xxiiChapter 1: A General Introduction To Programming 1The Programming Process 2Object-Oriented Programming: A Sneak Preview 5Programming Errors 6Syntax/Compilation Errors 6Runtime Errors 6Logic/Semantic Errors 7Principles of Software Testing 7Software Maintenance 8Adaptive Maintenance 8Perfective Maintenance 8Corrective Maintenance 8Preventive Maintenance 9Principles of Structured Programming 9Chapter 2: Getting To Know Java 11A Short Java History 12Features of Java 13Looking Under the Hood 13Bytecode 14Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 15Java Application Programming Interface (API) 16Class Loader 17Bytecode Verifier 18Java Virtual Machine (JVM) 18Java Platforms 19Java Applications 19Standalone Applications 19Java Applets 20Java Servlets 20Java Beans 21Java Language Structure 21Classes 22Identifiers 22Java Keywords 22Variables 23Methods 23Comments 24Naming Conventions 26Java Data Types 27Primitive Data Types 27Literals 28Operators 29Arithmetic Operators 29Assignment Operators 30Bitwise Operators 31Logical Operators 32Relational Operators 34Arrays 34Type Casting 37Summary 40Chapter 3: Setting Up Your Development Environment 41Integrated Development Environments 42Coding in Text Editors 42Choosing an IDE 46Eclipse 47NetBeans 47IntelliJ IDEA 47Continuing with One IDE 47Installing Eclipse on Your Computer 48Downloading and Installing Eclipse 48Using Eclipse 50Chapter 4: Moving Toward Object‐Oriented Programming 61Basic Concepts of Object‐Oriented Programming 62Classes and Objects in Java 63Defining Classes in Java 63Creating Objects 71Storing Data: Variables 76Instance Variables 76Class Variables 80Final Variables 82Variable Scope 87Defining Behavior: Methods 91Instance Methods 91Class Methods 94Constructors 95The Main Method 100Method Argument Passing 109Java SE Built‐in Classes 115Classes in the java.lang Package 115Classes in the java.io and java.nio Packages 117Classes in the java.math Package 118Classes in the java.net, java.rmi, javax.rmi, and org.omg.CORBA Packages 118Classes in the java.awt and javax.swing Packages 118Classes in the java.util Package 118Collections 119Other Utility Classes 126Other Classes and Custom Libraries 127Chapter 5: Controlling the Flow of Your Program 129Comparisons Using Operators and Methods 130Comparing Primitive Data Types with Comparison Operators 130Comparing Composite Data Types with Comparison Methods 132Understanding Language Control 135Creating if-then Statements 135Nesting if-then Statements 137Creating for Loops 138What is an Enhanced for Loop? 143Nesting for Loops 146Creating while Loops 148What is a do while Loop? 152Comparing for and while Loops 156Creating Switches 156Comparing Switches and if-then Statements 161Reviewing Keywords for Control 162Controlling with the return Keyword 162Controlling with the break Keyword 163Controlling with the continue Keyword 164Specifying a Label for break or continue Control 164Reviewing Control Structures 168Chapter 6: Handling Exceptions and Debugging 171Recognizing Error Types 172Identifying Syntax Errors 172Identifying Runtime Errors 175Identifying Logical Errors 176Exceptions 180Common Exceptions 181Catching Exceptions 187Debugging Your Applications 195Using a Debugger Tool 195Using a Logging API 200Testing Your Applications 210Summary 219Chapter 7: Delving Further Into Object‐Oriented Concepts 221Annotations 222Overloading Methods 222The this KeyWord 224Information Hiding 229Access Modifiers 230Getters 231Setters 232Class Inheritance 240The Keyword super 241Method Overriding 243Polymorphism 243Static Binding 244Dynamic Binding 244The Superclass Object 245Abstract Classes and Methods 246Packages 251Interfaces 252Garbage Collection 259Chapter 8: Handling Input and Output 261General Input and Output 262Input and Output in Java 266Streams 268Byte Streams 269Character Streams 275Buffered Streams 276Data and Object Streams 278Other Streams 281Scanners 281Input and Output from the Command-Line 283Input and Output from Files 290Java NIO2 File Input and Output 291The Path Interface 291The Files Class 293Checking Existence 293Legacy File Input and Output 304A Word on FileUtils 305Conclusion 305Chapter 9: Working With Databases in Java 307Covering the Basics of Relational Databases 308Accessing Relational Databases from Java 315Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) 315SQLJ 321Ensuring Object Persistence 324Hibernate 325Object-Oriented Database Access from Java 341Comparing Java Database Access Technologies 343What’s Ahead 344Chapter 10: Accessing Web Sources 347A Brief Introduction to Networking 348Web Services 360RPC and RMI 360SOAP 364REST 366Accessing Web Services and Sources with Java 368Accessing SOAP Services 368Installing JAX‐WS 368Accessing SOAP Services with JAX‐WS Without WSDL 369Accessing SOAP Services with JAX‐WS with WSDL 395Accessing REST Services 406Accessing REST Services Without Authentication 408Accessing REST Services with Authentication 421Screen Scraping 449Screen Scraping Without Cookies 451Screen Scraping with Cookies 453Creating Your Own Web Services with Java 457Setting Up an HTTP Server 457Providing REST Services 461Chapter 11: Designing Graphical Interfaces 463Covering the Basics of GUIs in Java 464Highlighting the Built‐In GUI Libraries 464Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) 464Swing 464Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) 465JavaFX 465Other Toolkits and Libraries 466Choosing a GUI Library 466Building with Containers and Components 467Looking at the Full Picture 472Comparing Layout Managers 473FlowLayout 474BorderLayout 476GridLayout 478GridBagLayout 482CardLayout 486BoxLayout 489GroupLayout and SpringLayout 493Absolute Positioning (No Layout Manager) 494Understanding Events 496Introduction to Events 496Event Listeners 497On Threading and Swing 514Closing Topics 524Best Practices: Keeping Looks and Logic Separated 524Let’s Draw: Defining Custom Draw Behavior 525Visual GUI Designers: Making Life Easy? 540JavaFX: The Road Ahead? 545Chapter 12: Using Object‐Oriented Patterns 557Introduction to Patterns 558Object‐Oriented Patterns 558Creational Patterns 559Singleton Pattern and Static Utility Class 559Service Provider Pattern and Null Object Pattern 565(Abstract) Factory Pattern 566Structural Patterns 568Adapter Pattern 568Bridge Pattern 570Decorator Pattern 571Facade Pattern 574Composite Pattern 575Type Pattern and Role Pattern 583Behavioral Patterns 591Chain‐of‐Responsibility Pattern 591Observer Pattern and Model‐View‐Controller Pattern 592Iterator Pattern 605Visitor Pattern 607Template Method Pattern 610Strategy Pattern 612Helpful Libraries 614Apache Commons 614Google Guava 615Trove 615Colt 615Lombok 616OpenCSV 616HTML and JSON Libraries 616Hibernate and Other JPA‐Compliant Libraries 617Joda‐Time 617Charting Libraries 6173D Graphics Libraries 617Financial Libraries 618Index 619