RAINER LIEBHART, Nokia, GermanyDEVAKI CHANDRAMOULI, Nokia, USACURT WONG, Nokia, USAJÜRGEN MERKEL, Nokia, Germany

• Foreword xiAbout the Authors xiiiPreface xvAcknowledgments xviiIntroduction xixTerminology xxi1 Introduction to LTE/SAE 11.1 Role of 3GPP 11.2 History of LTE 31.3 Drivers for LTE 51.4 EPS compared to GPRS and UMTS 61.5 Spectrum Considerations 71.6 Network Architecture 91.6.1 Radio Access Network and Core Network 91.6.2 Architecture Principles 91.6.3 Non-roaming Architecture 101.6.4 Roaming Architectures 111.6.5 Description of Functional Entities 121.6.6 Session Management 171.6.7 Policy and Charging Control 191.6.8 Interfaces and Protocols in EPS 211.6.9 Mobility Management 261.6.10 Intra E-UTRAN Handover 301.6.11 Security 311.6.12 Charging 341.7 IP Multimedia Subsystem 381.7.1 Summary of Reference Points and Protocols 401.8 Voice and SMS in LTE 411.8.1 Voice 411.8.2 Short Message Service 421.9 Interworking with 2G/3G Networks 431.9.1 Overview 431.9.2 Interworking with Legacy Networks 431.9.3 Functional Description 431.10 Interworking with Non-3GPP Access Networks 441.10.1 Summary of Reference Points and Protocols 471.11 Network Sharing 481.11.1 UE-Based Network Selection 491.11.2 RAN-Based Network Selection 491.12 Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service 501.12.1 Principles 501.12.2 Description of Functional Entities 511.12.3 MBMS Enhancements 521.12.4 MBSFN and MBMS Radio Channels 531.13 Terms and Definitions 541.13.1 Roaming 541.13.2 Circuit-Switched and Packet-Switched Networks 551.13.3 Access Stratum and Non-Access Stratum 55References 562 Regulatory Features 592.1 Emergency Calls 592.1.1 Overview 592.1.2 Requirements 592.1.3 Emergency Call Architecture 602.1.4 PSAP Callback 682.1.5 Emergency Numbers 682.1.6 Non Voice Emergency Services 692.1.7 Automated Emergency Calls 692.2 Public Warning System 712.3 Lawful Interception 722.3.1 Principles 722.3.2 Lawful Interception for EPS 742.4 Enhanced Multimedia Priority Services 74References 763 LTE for Public Safety Networks 773.1 Why LTE for Public Safety Networks? 773.2 What are Public Safety Networks? 783.3 LTE meets Demands of Public Safety Networks 793.4 Wide Range of LTE Devices for Public Safety 803.5 Standalone versus Shared Deployments 813.6 Interworking 833.6.1 Device Aspects 833.6.2 Network Aspects 83References 834 Proximity Services 854.1 Introduction to Proximity Services 854.1.1 Proximity Services Overview 854.1.2 ProSe Communication 864.1.3 ProSe Discovery 884.1.4 ProSe for Public Safety 884.2 Proximity Services Architectures 904.2.1 Non-roaming Architecture 904.2.2 Inter-PLMN Architecture 914.2.3 Roaming Architecture 914.2.4 Description of Functional Entities 934.2.5 Interfaces and Protocols 974.3 Synchronization 1044.3.1 LTE Primary and Secondary Synchronization Signals 1064.3.2 LTE D2D Synchronization 1074.4 Service Authorization 1084.5 ProSe Direct Discovery 1094.5.1 ProSe Direct Discovery Models 1104.5.2 ProSe Direct Discovery Modes 1104.5.3 Direct Discovery Procedure for Model A 1114.5.4 Radio Aspects and Physical Layer Design 1124.5.5 Radio Resource Allocation for Direct Discovery 1124.5.6 Inter-frequency ProSe Discovery 1134.5.7 Announce Procedure (non-roaming) 1144.5.8 Announce Procedure (roaming) 1154.5.9 Monitor Procedure (non-roaming) 1174.5.10 Monitor Procedure (roaming) 1184.5.11 Match Procedure (non-roaming) 1204.5.12 Match Procedure (roaming) 1214.5.13 Direct Discovery Procedure for Model B 1234.6 ProSe Direct Communication 1234.6.1 Radio Aspects and Physical Layer Design 1244.6.2 Radio Resource Allocation for Direct Communication 1254.6.3 Inter-frequency ProSe Communication 1274.6.4 IP Address Allocation 1284.6.5 One-to-Many Communication (Transmission) 1284.6.6 One-to-Many Communication (Reception) 1304.6.7 Direct Communication via ProSe Relay 1304.7 EPC-Level ProSe Discovery 1314.7.1 EPC-Level ProSe Discovery Procedure 1324.7.2 User Equipment Registration 1334.7.3 Application Registration 1344.8 Other Essential Functions for Proximity Services 1354.8.1 Provisioning 1354.8.2 Subscription Data 1364.8.3 Security 1364.8.4 Charging 1384.8.5 ProSe-Related Identifiers 1404.8.6 Illustration for Match Event 1444.9 Deployment Scenarios 1464.9.1 ProSe Direct Discovery 1464.9.2 ProSe Direct Communication 1474.10 Public Safety Use Cases 1474.10.1 Use Cases for ProSe Communication 1484.10.2 Use Cases for Network to UE Relay 1494.10.3 Performance Characteristics 1494.11 Outlook to Enhanced Proximity Services 1504.12 Terms and Definitions 1514.12.1 Home PLMN 1514.12.2 Equivalent Home PLMN 1514.12.3 Visited PLMN 1514.12.4 Registered (Serving) PLMN 1524.12.5 Local PLMN 1524.12.6 Hybrid Adaptive Repeat and Request 1524.12.7 Radio Link Control 1524.12.8 Logical Channel Prioritization 1534.12.9 System Information 1534.12.10 OFDM Symbol 1544.12.11 Dual-Rx UE 154References 1545 Group Communication Over LTE 1575.1 Introduction to Group Communication Services 1575.2 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 1585.3 Principles of Group Communication over LTE 1595.4 Functional Entities 1625.4.1 User Equipment 1625.4.2 GCS AS 1625.4.3 BM-SC 1635.4.4 eNB, MME, S-GW, P-GW, PCRF 1635.5 Interfaces and Protocols 1635.5.1 MB2 Interface 1635.5.2 Rx and SGi Interfaces 1675.6 GCSE Functions 1695.6.1 Unicast Delivery 1695.6.2 MBMS Delivery 1715.6.3 Service Continuity 1725.6.4 Priority and Preemption 1735.6.5 MBMS Delivery Status Notification 1755.7 Establishment of MBMS Delivery 1755.7.1 Pre-establishment 1755.7.2 Dynamic Establishment 1765.8 MBMS Delivery Procedures 1795.8.1 MBMS Delivery Modification 1795.8.2 MBMS Delivery Deactivation 1815.8.3 TMGI Management 1825.9 Access Control 1835.10 Mission Critical Push To Talk 1855.10.1 MCPTT Service Description 1865.10.2 MCPTT Call Types 1875.10.3 MCPTT Priorities 1875.10.4 Shareable MCPTT Devices 1885.10.5 On and Off Network Mode of Operation 1885.10.6 Interworking with legacy PTT Systems 189References 1896 Summary and Outlook 1916.1 Role of LTE 1916.2 Public Safety Features 1926.3 LTE for Public Safety 1936.4 Outlook 196References 196Appendix A 197A.1 Call Flows 197A.1.1 Attach 197A.1.2 Detach 200A.1.3 Tracking Area Update 201A.1.4 Paging 202A.1.5 Service Request 203A.1.6 X2-Based Handover 205A.1.7 S1-Based Handover 206A.1.8 MBMS Session Start 210A.1.9 MBMS Session Stop 212A.1.10 MBMS Session Update 213A.1.11 UE-requested PDN Connectivity 214A.1.12 Dedicated Bearer Context Activation 216A.2 3GPP Reference Points 217References 221Index 223