Basics of Dental Technology

Dr Tony Johnson is Senior Lecturer in the Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Head of the Dental Technology Unit at the School of Clinical Dentistry at the University of Sheffield, UK. Dr David G. Patrick is a University Teacher in the Dental Technology Unit, Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry at the School of Clinical Dentistry at the University of Sheffield, UK. Dr Christopher W. Stokes is Senior University Teacher in the Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry at the School of Clinical Dentistry at the University of Sheffield, UK. Mr David G. Wildgoose until his retirement in 2009 was a Dental Instructor in the Dental Technology Unit, Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry at the School of Clinical Dentistry at the University Sheffield, UK. Dr Duncan J. Wood is a Senior University Teacher in the Dental Technology Unit, Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry at the School of Clinical Dentistry at the University of Sheffield, UK.

• About the Companion Website ixChapter 1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.2 How to use this book 11.3 Equipment and instruments 11.4 Health and safety in the dental laboratory 51.5 Sterilisation and impression handling 61.6 Introduction to model making 81.7 Models for prosthodontics – casting primary impressions 91.8 Models for prosthodontics – boxing-in impressions 121.9 Models for prosthodontics – casting working (secondary) impressions 131.10 Models for prosthodontics – models for cobalt–chromium frameworks 131.11 Orthodontic study models 141.12 Introduction to sectional models 161.13 Producing a sectional model using a tray system (Figure 1.13.1) 171.14 Producing a sectional model using a pinned system 191.15 Sectioning the model 201.16 Introduction to articulating models 221.17 Articulating models on a simple hinge articulator 221.18 Articulating dentate models using the average position 231.19 Articulating edentulous models using the average position 251.20 Articulating models using a facebow 26Chapter 2 Complete Prosthetics 312.1 Introduction to complete prosthetics 312.2 Construction of a close-fitting custom impression tray 322.3 Construction of a tray with spacer for edentulous cases 342.4 Construction of a tray for dentate or partially dentate cases 352.5 Construction of a windowed close-fitting tray 372.6 Construction of occlusal registration rims 382.7 Setting up denture teeth 422.8 Denture processing 472.9 Grinding and finishing the dentures 532.10 Denture repair 572.11 Relining a denture in the laboratory 602.12 Copy dentures 62Chapter 3 Partial Prosthetics 653.1 Introduction to partial prosthetics 653.2 Classification 653.3 Component parts of partial dentures 663.4 Surveying 683.5 Designing partial dentures 713.6 Partial denture construction – acrylic resin 753.7 Partial denture construction – cobalt–chromium 77Chapter 4 Fixed Prosthodontics 854.1 Restoration design 854.2 Metal restorations 864.3 Ditching the die 884.4 Producing a wax pattern 884.5 Investing the wax pattern 904.6 Casting and de-vesting the pattern 924.7 Finishing the casting 944.8 Metal-ceramic restorations 984.9 Producing a wax pattern for a metal bonded to ceramic framework 994.10 Investing the wax pattern 1024.11 Casting the pattern 1024.12 De-vesting and surface preparation 1044.13 Ceramic application and build-up 1054.14 Ceramic restorations 1124.15 Producing a high-strength ceramic substructure 1144.16 Veneering a high-strength ceramic substructure 1154.17 Producing a resin-bonded crown on a refractory die 1154.18 Post crowns 1174.19 Bridges 1184.20 Producing a cast metal fixed–fixed restoration 1214.21 Producing a soldered metal fixed–fixed restoration 1224.22 Soldering 1234.23 Minimal preparation bridges 1254.24 Producing a minimal preparation bridge (Maryland technique) 1264.25 Digital dentistry 1284.26 Using a laboratory-based CAD–CAM system 1314.27 Producing a posterior single-unit substructure or restoration using a reduction technique 1324.28 Producing a bridge substructure 1344.29 Removable Partial Denture Design 1344.30 Implant-supported prosthodontics 139Chapter 5 Orthodontics 1415.1 Introduction to orthodontics 1415.2 Classification of malocclusions 1425.3 Theory of tooth movement 1435.4 Basic wire bending techniques 1445.5 Making passive components 1465.6 Producing ball-ended clasps 1465.7 The Adams clasp 1475.8 Producing a southend clasp 1485.9 Active appliances 1495.10 Palatal finger spring (guarded) 1505.11 Making a T-spring 1525.12 Double cantilever or Z-spring 1525.13 Buccal canine retractor 1535.14 The Roberts retractor 1545.15 Producing baseplates 1555.16 Producing biteplanes 1565.17 Extra-oral anchorage 1565.18 Functional appliance design 1575.19 Producing an Andresen appliance 1575.20 Twin-block appliance 1585.21 Fixed orthodontic appliances 1605.22 Retainer appliance design 1605.23 Repair and modification of orthodontic appliances 1625.24 Making tooth positioners 1645.25 Sports Mouthguards 165Chapter 6 Occlusion 1676.1 Introduction to occlusion 1676.2 Occlusal schemes 1686.3 Articulators 1706.4 Facebows 1716.5 Summary 171Chapter 7 Shade, Colour and Size Determination for Dental Appliances 1737.1 Introduction to aesthetics 1737.2 Colour terminology 1737.3 Shade guides 1737.4 Selecting teeth for complete denture patients 175Appendix Tooth Morphology 177Glossary 179Index 181