The editors Rebecca S. Duerr, DVM, MPVM, PhD, is Clinical Veterinarian and Research Director at International Bird Rescue in California, USA. Laurie J. Gage, DVM, DACZM, is a zoo and wildlife veterinarian from northern California, USA.

“The second edition of Hand-Rearing Birds is an impressive update that is a must-have resource for anyone who is in the position of raising young birds…. The text, although extensive, is a pleasure to read. It contains many useful tips and tricks for working with each unique species. This book is the ultimate resource for anyone looking for a comprehensive yet practical guide to raising many of the world’s wonderful feathered creatures.” - JAVMA | DEC 15, 2020 | VOL 257 | NO. 12

• Notes on Contributors ixPreface xixAcknowledgments xxi1 Baby Bird Basics 1Rebecca S. Duerr2 Identification and Aging 19Linda M. Tuttle-Adams3 Incubation 53Susie Kasielke4 Ratites 75Dale A. Smith5 Ducks, Geese, and Swans 89Marjorie Cahak Gibson6 Sea Ducks 107Michele Goodman7 Domestic Poultry 119Nora Pihkala and Yuko Sato8 Wild Turkeys, Quail, Grouse, and Pheasants 137Marjorie Cahak Gibson9 Loons 151Renée Schott and Jesse Menne10 Grebes 167Jessika Madison-Kennedy and Rebecca S. Duerr11 Flamingos 183Laurie Conrad and Susie Kasielke12 Penguins 201Linda Henry13 African Penguins 219Nicky Stander and Romy Klusener14 Shearwaters and Petrels 237Tracy Anderson15 Cormorants 251Michelle Bellizzi, Isabel Luevano, and Jennifer Linander16 Brown Pelicans 265Yaritza Acosta17 Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns 273Megan Shaw Prelinger, Jennifer Linander, and Rebecca S. Duerr18 Ibis 289Laurie Conrad19 Vultures 307Susie Kasielke20 Diurnal Raptors 329Louise Shimmel21 Eagles 345Marjorie Cahak Gibson22 Coots, Gallinules, and Rails 363Marie Travers and Isabel Luevano23 Cranes 377Marjorie Cahak Gibson24 Shorebirds 393Libby Osnes Erie and Aimee Greenebaum25 Alcids 407David A. Oehler26 Gulls and Terns 425Meryl Faulkner27 Pigeons and Doves 437Nancy Eilertsen and Guthrum Purdin28 Turacos 457Kateri J. Davis29 Yellow-billed Cuckoos 467Maureen Eiger30 Roadrunners 477Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston31 Owls 485Lisa (Elisa) Fosco32 Goatsuckers 497Linda Hufford33 Swifts 509Jayne Neville and Veronica Bowers34 Hummingbirds 521Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston35 Mousebirds 539Kateri J. Davis36 Hornbills, Kingfishers, Hoopoes, and Bee-eaters 549Patricia Witman and Nicole LaGreco37 Toucans 567Martin Vince38 Woodpeckers 575Nancy Barbachano and Rebecca S. Duerr39 Wild Parrots 587Nikki Buxton and Sophie Hebert Saulnier40 Lorikeets 611Carol Stanley41 Insects and Other Arthropods as Food 623Mark Finke, Liz Koutsos, and Diane Winn42 Corvids 641Elaine Friedman43 Small Insectivores 665Veronica Bowers44 North American Swallows 683Veronica Bowers45 Thrushes, Mimids, and Thrush Relatives 705Linda M. Tuttle-Adams46 Towhees 719Ashton Kluttz and Dana A. Glei47 Grackles, Blackbirds, and Other Icterids 731Maureen Eiger and Guthrum Purdin48 House Finches, Goldfinches, and House Sparrows 741Guthrum Purdin and Rebecca S. Duerr49 Grosbeaks and Cardinals 759Veronica Bowers and Jessika Madison-Kennedy50 Java Sparrows 771Jo Gregson and Andrew BowkettAppendix A Record Sheet Example 779Appendix B Energy Requirements for Growing Birds 781Appendix C Songbird Washing Instructions 785Veronica BowersIndex 789

The editors Rebecca S. Duerr, DVM, MPVM, PhD, is Clinical Veterinarian and Research Director at International Bird Rescue in California, USA. Laurie J. Gage, DVM, DACZM, is a zoo and wildlife veterinarian from northern California, USA.

“The second edition of Hand-Rearing Birds is an impressive update that is a must-have resource for anyone who is in the position of raising young birds…. The text, although extensive, is a pleasure to read. It contains many useful tips and tricks for working with each unique species. This book is the ultimate resource for anyone looking for a comprehensive yet practical guide to raising many of the world’s wonderful feathered creatures.” - JAVMA | DEC 15, 2020 | VOL 257 | NO. 12

• Notes on Contributors ixPreface xixAcknowledgments xxi1 Baby Bird Basics 1Rebecca S. Duerr2 Identification and Aging 19Linda M. Tuttle-Adams3 Incubation 53Susie Kasielke4 Ratites 75Dale A. Smith5 Ducks, Geese, and Swans 89Marjorie Cahak Gibson6 Sea Ducks 107Michele Goodman7 Domestic Poultry 119Nora Pihkala and Yuko Sato8 Wild Turkeys, Quail, Grouse, and Pheasants 137Marjorie Cahak Gibson9 Loons 151Renée Schott and Jesse Menne10 Grebes 167Jessika Madison-Kennedy and Rebecca S. Duerr11 Flamingos 183Laurie Conrad and Susie Kasielke12 Penguins 201Linda Henry13 African Penguins 219Nicky Stander and Romy Klusener14 Shearwaters and Petrels 237Tracy Anderson15 Cormorants 251Michelle Bellizzi, Isabel Luevano, and Jennifer Linander16 Brown Pelicans 265Yaritza Acosta17 Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns 273Megan Shaw Prelinger, Jennifer Linander, and Rebecca S. Duerr18 Ibis 289Laurie Conrad19 Vultures 307Susie Kasielke20 Diurnal Raptors 329Louise Shimmel21 Eagles 345Marjorie Cahak Gibson22 Coots, Gallinules, and Rails 363Marie Travers and Isabel Luevano23 Cranes 377Marjorie Cahak Gibson24 Shorebirds 393Libby Osnes Erie and Aimee Greenebaum25 Alcids 407David A. Oehler26 Gulls and Terns 425Meryl Faulkner27 Pigeons and Doves 437Nancy Eilertsen and Guthrum Purdin28 Turacos 457Kateri J. Davis29 Yellow-billed Cuckoos 467Maureen Eiger30 Roadrunners 477Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston31 Owls 485Lisa (Elisa) Fosco32 Goatsuckers 497Linda Hufford33 Swifts 509Jayne Neville and Veronica Bowers34 Hummingbirds 521Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston35 Mousebirds 539Kateri J. Davis36 Hornbills, Kingfishers, Hoopoes, and Bee-eaters 549Patricia Witman and Nicole LaGreco37 Toucans 567Martin Vince38 Woodpeckers 575Nancy Barbachano and Rebecca S. Duerr39 Wild Parrots 587Nikki Buxton and Sophie Hebert Saulnier40 Lorikeets 611Carol Stanley41 Insects and Other Arthropods as Food 623Mark Finke, Liz Koutsos, and Diane Winn42 Corvids 641Elaine Friedman43 Small Insectivores 665Veronica Bowers44 North American Swallows 683Veronica Bowers45 Thrushes, Mimids, and Thrush Relatives 705Linda M. Tuttle-Adams46 Towhees 719Ashton Kluttz and Dana A. Glei47 Grackles, Blackbirds, and Other Icterids 731Maureen Eiger and Guthrum Purdin48 House Finches, Goldfinches, and House Sparrows 741Guthrum Purdin and Rebecca S. Duerr49 Grosbeaks and Cardinals 759Veronica Bowers and Jessika Madison-Kennedy50 Java Sparrows 771Jo Gregson and Andrew BowkettAppendix A Record Sheet Example 779Appendix B Energy Requirements for Growing Birds 781Appendix C Songbird Washing Instructions 785Veronica BowersIndex 789

The editors Rebecca S. Duerr, DVM, MPVM, PhD, is Clinical Veterinarian and Research Director at International Bird Rescue in California, USA. Laurie J. Gage, DVM, DACZM, is a zoo and wildlife veterinarian from northern California, USA.

“The second edition of Hand-Rearing Birds is an impressive update that is a must-have resource for anyone who is in the position of raising young birds…. The text, although extensive, is a pleasure to read. It contains many useful tips and tricks for working with each unique species. This book is the ultimate resource for anyone looking for a comprehensive yet practical guide to raising many of the world’s wonderful feathered creatures.” - JAVMA | DEC 15, 2020 | VOL 257 | NO. 12

• Notes on Contributors ixPreface xixAcknowledgments xxi1 Baby Bird Basics 1Rebecca S. Duerr2 Identification and Aging 19Linda M. Tuttle-Adams3 Incubation 53Susie Kasielke4 Ratites 75Dale A. Smith5 Ducks, Geese, and Swans 89Marjorie Cahak Gibson6 Sea Ducks 107Michele Goodman7 Domestic Poultry 119Nora Pihkala and Yuko Sato8 Wild Turkeys, Quail, Grouse, and Pheasants 137Marjorie Cahak Gibson9 Loons 151Renée Schott and Jesse Menne10 Grebes 167Jessika Madison-Kennedy and Rebecca S. Duerr11 Flamingos 183Laurie Conrad and Susie Kasielke12 Penguins 201Linda Henry13 African Penguins 219Nicky Stander and Romy Klusener14 Shearwaters and Petrels 237Tracy Anderson15 Cormorants 251Michelle Bellizzi, Isabel Luevano, and Jennifer Linander16 Brown Pelicans 265Yaritza Acosta17 Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns 273Megan Shaw Prelinger, Jennifer Linander, and Rebecca S. Duerr18 Ibis 289Laurie Conrad19 Vultures 307Susie Kasielke20 Diurnal Raptors 329Louise Shimmel21 Eagles 345Marjorie Cahak Gibson22 Coots, Gallinules, and Rails 363Marie Travers and Isabel Luevano23 Cranes 377Marjorie Cahak Gibson24 Shorebirds 393Libby Osnes Erie and Aimee Greenebaum25 Alcids 407David A. Oehler26 Gulls and Terns 425Meryl Faulkner27 Pigeons and Doves 437Nancy Eilertsen and Guthrum Purdin28 Turacos 457Kateri J. Davis29 Yellow-billed Cuckoos 467Maureen Eiger30 Roadrunners 477Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston31 Owls 485Lisa (Elisa) Fosco32 Goatsuckers 497Linda Hufford33 Swifts 509Jayne Neville and Veronica Bowers34 Hummingbirds 521Elizabeth Penn (Penny) Elliston35 Mousebirds 539Kateri J. Davis36 Hornbills, Kingfishers, Hoopoes, and Bee-eaters 549Patricia Witman and Nicole LaGreco37 Toucans 567Martin Vince38 Woodpeckers 575Nancy Barbachano and Rebecca S. Duerr39 Wild Parrots 587Nikki Buxton and Sophie Hebert Saulnier40 Lorikeets 611Carol Stanley41 Insects and Other Arthropods as Food 623Mark Finke, Liz Koutsos, and Diane Winn42 Corvids 641Elaine Friedman43 Small Insectivores 665Veronica Bowers44 North American Swallows 683Veronica Bowers45 Thrushes, Mimids, and Thrush Relatives 705Linda M. Tuttle-Adams46 Towhees 719Ashton Kluttz and Dana A. Glei47 Grackles, Blackbirds, and Other Icterids 731Maureen Eiger and Guthrum Purdin48 House Finches, Goldfinches, and House Sparrows 741Guthrum Purdin and Rebecca S. Duerr49 Grosbeaks and Cardinals 759Veronica Bowers and Jessika Madison-Kennedy50 Java Sparrows 771Jo Gregson and Andrew BowkettAppendix A Record Sheet Example 779Appendix B Energy Requirements for Growing Birds 781Appendix C Songbird Washing Instructions 785Veronica BowersIndex 789