Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems

Anurag K. Srivastava, PhD, is the Raymond J. Lane Professor and Chairperson with the Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at West Virginia University, USA. He is the Director of the Smart Grid Resiliency and Analytics Lab (SG-REAL) and a renowned figure in the area of distribution systems resiliency. Chen-Ching Liu, PhD, is an American Electric Power Professor and Director, Power and Energy Center, at Virginia Tech, USA. As a Member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, Dr. Liu is a widely-recognized leader in smart and resilient distribution systems in the power and energy community. Sayonsom Chanda, PhD, is a Researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, USA. He also founded sustainability-focused startups — Sync Energy to serve resiliency analytics to large and mid-size electric utilities in North America.

• About the Editors xvList of Contributors xviiForeword xxiPart I Foundation 11 Concepts of Resiliency 3Sayonsom Chanda, Anurag K. Srivastava, and Chen-Ching Liu1.1 Introduction 31.2 Resilience of Complex Systems 41.3 Related Terms and Definitions for Power System 71.4 Need for Grid Resiliency 101.5 Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems 121.6 Taxonomy of Resiliency 161.7 Tools for Enabling Resiliency 231.8 Summary 282 Measuring Resiliency Using Integrated Decision-Making Approach 35Sayonsom Chanda, Prabodh Bajpai, and Anurag K. Srivastava2.1 Introduction 352.2 Feature to Measure Resiliency of Power Distribution System 372.3 Integrated Decision-Making Approach 402.4 Algorithm to Enable Resilient Power Distribution System 422.5 Case Study 452.6 Conclusion 573 Resilience Indices Using Markov Modeling and Monte Carlo Simulation 61Mohammad Shahidehpour and Zhiyi Li3.1 Introduction 613.2 Cyber-Physical Interdependencies in Power Distribution Systems 623.3 Resilience of Power Distribution Systems 663.4 Mathematical Model for Resilience Analysis 713.5 Simulation Results 863.6 Conclusions 964 Measuring and Enabling Resiliency for Microgrid Systems Against Cyber-attacks 101Venkatesh Venkataramanan, Adam Hahn, and Anurag K. Srivastava4.1 Introduction 1014.2 Testbed Description for Validating Resilience Tools 1024.3 Test System for Validating Cyber-Physical Resiliency 1024.4 Dependencies Between Cyber and Physical Systems 1064.5 Cyber-Attack Implementations 1064.6 Cyber-Physical Resiliency Metrics and Tools – CyPhyR and CP-SAM 1074.7 Case Studies for Cyber-Physical Resiliency Analysis 1174.8 Summary 1215 Resilience Indicators for Electric Power Distribution Systems 125Julia Phillips and Frédéric Petit5.1 Introduction 1255.2 Motivations for Resilience Indicators 1265.3 Decision Analysis Methodologies for Resilience Indicators 1285.4 An Application to Electric Power Distribution Systems 1345.5 FutureWork 1385.6 Conclusion 1386 Quantitative Model and Metrics for Distribution System Resiliency 143Alexis Kwasinski6.1 Power Grids Performance in Recent Natural Disasters 1436.2 Resilience Modeling Framework 1496.3 Quantitative Resilience Metrics for Electric Power Distribution Grids 1547 Frameworks for Analyzing Resilience 163Ted Brekken7.1 Metrics 1637.2 Risk Analysis Modeling 1717.3 Power System Monte Carlo Analysis 1807.4 Summary 181Part II Enabling Resiliency 1838 Resiliency-Driven Distribution Network Automation and Restoration 185Yin Xu, Chen-Ching Liu, and Ying Wang8.1 Optimal Placement of Remote-Controlled Switches for Restoration Capability Enhancement 1858.2 Resiliency-Driven Distribution System Restoration Using Microgrids 1888.3 Service Restoration Using DGs in a Secondary Network 1968.4 Summary 2059 Improving the Electricity Network Resilience by Optimizing the Power Grid 207EngTseng Lau, Sandford Bessler, KokKeong Chai, Yue Chen, and Oliver Jung9.1 Introduction 2079.2 Microgrid Evaluation Tool 2089.3 Overall Grid Modeling Tool 2169.4 Conclusions 22610 Robust Cyber Infrastructure for Cyber Attack Enabling Resilient Distribution System 231Hyung-Seung Kim, Junho Hong, and Seung-Jae Lee10.1 Introduction 23110.2 Cyber Security Analysis of Distribution System 23210.3 Cyber Attack Scenarios for Distribution System 23410.4 Designing Cyber Attack Resilient Distribution System 23810.5 Mitigation Methods Against Cyber Attacks 25210.6 Summary 25711 A Hierarchical Control Architecture for Resilient Operation of Distribution Grids 261Ahmad R. Malekpour, Anuradha M. Annaswamy, and Jalpa Shah11.1 Resilient Control Theory 26111.2 A Hierarchical Control Strategy 26411.3 Resilient Operation Using the Hierarchical Architecture 27011.4 Conclusions 274Part III Real-World Case Studies 27912 A Resilience Framework Against Wildfire 281Dimitris Trakas, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Mathaios Panteli, and Pierluigi Mancarella12.1 Introduction 28112.2 The Hazard of Wildfires 28212.3 Modeling and Quantifying the Resilience of Distribution Networks to Wildfires 28412.4 Case Study Application 29112.5 Summary 30113 Super Microgrid in Inner Mongolia 309Jian Xu, Siyang Liao, and Yuanzhang Sun13.1 Definition and Significance of the Super Microgrid 30913.2 Applying Load Control Technology to the Super Microgrid 31213.3 Research on Load–Frequency Control Methods for the Super Microgrid 31713.4 Implementation of the Load–Frequency Control Method for the Super Microgrid 32313.5 Operation of the Super Microgrid 32513.6 Summary 32614 Technology and Policy Requirements to Deliver Resiliency to Power System Networks 329Mani Vadari, Gerald Stokes, and John (JD) Hammerly14.1 Introduction 32914.2 A Broad Perspective on the Need to Apply Technology 33214.3 Use of Microgrids to Improve Resiliency Response 33614.4 Use of Drones to Perform Advanced Damage Assessment 33914.5 Case Study: Lessons Learned and Forgotten. The North American Hurricane Experience 34214.6 Bringing it All Together – Policy and Practice 34414.7 Conclusions 346References 347Index 351