The EditorsKenneth J. Drobatz is Professor and Chief of Critical Care and Director of the Emergency Service at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Erica Reineke is Associate Professor in the Section of Critical Care at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Merilee F. Costello is a Critical Care Specialist at a Private Specialty Hospital. William T. N. Culp is Professor at the University of California School of Veterinary Medicine in Davis, California, USA.

• List of Contributors xiForeword xv1 Approach to the Critically Ill Cat 1Kenneth J. Drobatz2 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 9Sean D. Smarick3 Shock 19Erica Reineke4 Trauma 25Erica Reineke5 Anesthesia for Critically Ill Feline Patient 33Hope F. Douglas and Giacomo Gianotti6 Anesthetic Protocols for Systemically Healthy Cats 55Michelle Cerullo and Giacomo Gianotti7 Analgesia in the Critically Ill Cat 63Kelley M. Varner and Giacomo Gianotti8 Fluid Therapy 75Garret Pachtinger9 Nutritional Support for the Critically Ill Feline Patient 83Daniel L. Chan10 Respiratory Emergencies and Pleural Space Disease 93Elizabeth Rozanski11 Upper Airway Disease 109Dana L. Clarke12 Lower Airway Disease 119Lynelle R. Johnson and Lesley G. King13 Parenchymal Disease 131Deborah Silverstein14 Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Cardiac Emergencies 143Chloë L. Block and Marc S. Kraus15 Management of Specific Cardiac Diseases 153Mark A. Oyama16 Management of Thromboembolic Disease Secondary to Heart Disease 163Benjamin Brainard and Amy Alwood17 Management of Life-Threatening Arrhythmias 169Meg M. Sleeper18 Diagnostic Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Conditions 177Daniel Z. Hume19 General Approach to the Acute Abdomen 185Vincent J. Thawley20 Management of Specific Gastrointestinal Conditions 195Mark P. Rondeau21 Urologic Emergencies--General Approach: Diagnostic Evaluation, Monitoring, and Therapeutic Techniques for the Urological System 211Simon W. Tappin22 Urologic Emergencies: Ureters, Bladder, Urethra, GN, and CKD 223Andréanne Cléroux23 Acute Kidney Injury 243Katie D. Mauro24 General Approach and Overview of the Neurologic Cat 253Daniel J. Fletcher25 Neurologic Emergencies: Brain 271Scott C. Petesch26 Neurologic Emergencies: Spinal Cord 283Evelyn M. Galban27 Neurologic Emergencies: Peripheral 293Leontine Benedicenti28 Hematologic Emergencies: Bleeding 301Anthony L. Gonzalez, Sarah M. Gradilla, and Susan G. Hackner29 Hematologic Emergencies: Anemia 323Anthony L. Gonzalez, Paula Simons, and Susan G. Hackner30 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Diabetes Mellitus 351Marie T. Keith31 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Other 367Cynthia R. Ward32 Electrolyte Disorders 373Linda Martin, Emilia Terradas Crespo, and Karin Unger33 Reproductive Emergencies 399Carol A. Margolis and Margret L. Casal34 Pediatric Emergencies 417Maureen A. McMichael35 Geriatric Emergencies 427Maureen A. McMichael36 Ocular Emergencies 433Deborah C. Mandell and Paul Scherlie37 Dermatologic Emergencies 453Kathryn A. Rook and Jill L. Abraham38 Toxicological Emergencies 479Tina Wismer39 Environmental Emergencies 509Lori S. Waddell and Elise M. Boller40 Common Technical Procedures in the ER 525Sage De Rosa and Vincent J. Thawley41 Creating a Minimal-Stress Emergency Environment 541Carlo Siracusa42 Surgical Section 551Maureen A. Griffin and William T. N. Culp42.1 Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgery 55142.2 Emergency Urinary Surgery 56042.3 Emergency Hepatobiliary Surgery 57042.4 Emergency Reproductive Surgery 57642.5 Emergency Traumatic and Reconstructive Surgery 58242.6 Emergency Ophthalmic Surgery 591Index 597

The EditorsKenneth J. Drobatz is Professor and Chief of Critical Care and Director of the Emergency Service at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Erica Reineke is Associate Professor in the Section of Critical Care at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Merilee F. Costello is a Critical Care Specialist at a Private Specialty Hospital. William T. N. Culp is Professor at the University of California School of Veterinary Medicine in Davis, California, USA.

• List of Contributors xiForeword xv1 Approach to the Critically Ill Cat 1Kenneth J. Drobatz2 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 9Sean D. Smarick3 Shock 19Erica Reineke4 Trauma 25Erica Reineke5 Anesthesia for Critically Ill Feline Patient 33Hope F. Douglas and Giacomo Gianotti6 Anesthetic Protocols for Systemically Healthy Cats 55Michelle Cerullo and Giacomo Gianotti7 Analgesia in the Critically Ill Cat 63Kelley M. Varner and Giacomo Gianotti8 Fluid Therapy 75Garret Pachtinger9 Nutritional Support for the Critically Ill Feline Patient 83Daniel L. Chan10 Respiratory Emergencies and Pleural Space Disease 93Elizabeth Rozanski11 Upper Airway Disease 109Dana L. Clarke12 Lower Airway Disease 119Lynelle R. Johnson and Lesley G. King13 Parenchymal Disease 131Deborah Silverstein14 Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Cardiac Emergencies 143Chloë L. Block and Marc S. Kraus15 Management of Specific Cardiac Diseases 153Mark A. Oyama16 Management of Thromboembolic Disease Secondary to Heart Disease 163Benjamin Brainard and Amy Alwood17 Management of Life-Threatening Arrhythmias 169Meg M. Sleeper18 Diagnostic Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Conditions 177Daniel Z. Hume19 General Approach to the Acute Abdomen 185Vincent J. Thawley20 Management of Specific Gastrointestinal Conditions 195Mark P. Rondeau21 Urologic Emergencies--General Approach: Diagnostic Evaluation, Monitoring, and Therapeutic Techniques for the Urological System 211Simon W. Tappin22 Urologic Emergencies: Ureters, Bladder, Urethra, GN, and CKD 223Andréanne Cléroux23 Acute Kidney Injury 243Katie D. Mauro24 General Approach and Overview of the Neurologic Cat 253Daniel J. Fletcher25 Neurologic Emergencies: Brain 271Scott C. Petesch26 Neurologic Emergencies: Spinal Cord 283Evelyn M. Galban27 Neurologic Emergencies: Peripheral 293Leontine Benedicenti28 Hematologic Emergencies: Bleeding 301Anthony L. Gonzalez, Sarah M. Gradilla, and Susan G. Hackner29 Hematologic Emergencies: Anemia 323Anthony L. Gonzalez, Paula Simons, and Susan G. Hackner30 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Diabetes Mellitus 351Marie T. Keith31 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Other 367Cynthia R. Ward32 Electrolyte Disorders 373Linda Martin, Emilia Terradas Crespo, and Karin Unger33 Reproductive Emergencies 399Carol A. Margolis and Margret L. Casal34 Pediatric Emergencies 417Maureen A. McMichael35 Geriatric Emergencies 427Maureen A. McMichael36 Ocular Emergencies 433Deborah C. Mandell and Paul Scherlie37 Dermatologic Emergencies 453Kathryn A. Rook and Jill L. Abraham38 Toxicological Emergencies 479Tina Wismer39 Environmental Emergencies 509Lori S. Waddell and Elise M. Boller40 Common Technical Procedures in the ER 525Sage De Rosa and Vincent J. Thawley41 Creating a Minimal-Stress Emergency Environment 541Carlo Siracusa42 Surgical Section 551Maureen A. Griffin and William T. N. Culp42.1 Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgery 55142.2 Emergency Urinary Surgery 56042.3 Emergency Hepatobiliary Surgery 57042.4 Emergency Reproductive Surgery 57642.5 Emergency Traumatic and Reconstructive Surgery 58242.6 Emergency Ophthalmic Surgery 591Index 597

The EditorsKenneth J. Drobatz is Professor and Chief of Critical Care and Director of the Emergency Service at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Erica Reineke is Associate Professor in the Section of Critical Care at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Merilee F. Costello is a Critical Care Specialist at a Private Specialty Hospital. William T. N. Culp is Professor at the University of California School of Veterinary Medicine in Davis, California, USA.

• List of Contributors xiForeword xv1 Approach to the Critically Ill Cat 1Kenneth J. Drobatz2 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 9Sean D. Smarick3 Shock 19Erica Reineke4 Trauma 25Erica Reineke5 Anesthesia for Critically Ill Feline Patient 33Hope F. Douglas and Giacomo Gianotti6 Anesthetic Protocols for Systemically Healthy Cats 55Michelle Cerullo and Giacomo Gianotti7 Analgesia in the Critically Ill Cat 63Kelley M. Varner and Giacomo Gianotti8 Fluid Therapy 75Garret Pachtinger9 Nutritional Support for the Critically Ill Feline Patient 83Daniel L. Chan10 Respiratory Emergencies and Pleural Space Disease 93Elizabeth Rozanski11 Upper Airway Disease 109Dana L. Clarke12 Lower Airway Disease 119Lynelle R. Johnson and Lesley G. King13 Parenchymal Disease 131Deborah Silverstein14 Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Cardiac Emergencies 143Chloë L. Block and Marc S. Kraus15 Management of Specific Cardiac Diseases 153Mark A. Oyama16 Management of Thromboembolic Disease Secondary to Heart Disease 163Benjamin Brainard and Amy Alwood17 Management of Life-Threatening Arrhythmias 169Meg M. Sleeper18 Diagnostic Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Conditions 177Daniel Z. Hume19 General Approach to the Acute Abdomen 185Vincent J. Thawley20 Management of Specific Gastrointestinal Conditions 195Mark P. Rondeau21 Urologic Emergencies--General Approach: Diagnostic Evaluation, Monitoring, and Therapeutic Techniques for the Urological System 211Simon W. Tappin22 Urologic Emergencies: Ureters, Bladder, Urethra, GN, and CKD 223Andréanne Cléroux23 Acute Kidney Injury 243Katie D. Mauro24 General Approach and Overview of the Neurologic Cat 253Daniel J. Fletcher25 Neurologic Emergencies: Brain 271Scott C. Petesch26 Neurologic Emergencies: Spinal Cord 283Evelyn M. Galban27 Neurologic Emergencies: Peripheral 293Leontine Benedicenti28 Hematologic Emergencies: Bleeding 301Anthony L. Gonzalez, Sarah M. Gradilla, and Susan G. Hackner29 Hematologic Emergencies: Anemia 323Anthony L. Gonzalez, Paula Simons, and Susan G. Hackner30 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Diabetes Mellitus 351Marie T. Keith31 Management of Specific Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases: Other 367Cynthia R. Ward32 Electrolyte Disorders 373Linda Martin, Emilia Terradas Crespo, and Karin Unger33 Reproductive Emergencies 399Carol A. Margolis and Margret L. Casal34 Pediatric Emergencies 417Maureen A. McMichael35 Geriatric Emergencies 427Maureen A. McMichael36 Ocular Emergencies 433Deborah C. Mandell and Paul Scherlie37 Dermatologic Emergencies 453Kathryn A. Rook and Jill L. Abraham38 Toxicological Emergencies 479Tina Wismer39 Environmental Emergencies 509Lori S. Waddell and Elise M. Boller40 Common Technical Procedures in the ER 525Sage De Rosa and Vincent J. Thawley41 Creating a Minimal-Stress Emergency Environment 541Carlo Siracusa42 Surgical Section 551Maureen A. Griffin and William T. N. Culp42.1 Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgery 55142.2 Emergency Urinary Surgery 56042.3 Emergency Hepatobiliary Surgery 57042.4 Emergency Reproductive Surgery 57642.5 Emergency Traumatic and Reconstructive Surgery 58242.6 Emergency Ophthalmic Surgery 591Index 597