Neurology

Robin Howard PhD FRCP FFICMRobin Howard trained in medicine in Cambridge and at the Middlesex Hospital. His neurology training was in Oxford, London, and at the National Hospital Queen Square. He undertook his PhD in the Sobell Department of Neurophysiology at the Institute of Neurology. He has been a consultant neurologist at the National Hospital, Queen Square, and St. Thomas' Hospital, honorary Associate professor at the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, and honorary civilian adviser to the Royal Navy since 1992. He was head of service for a large general neurological practice at St. Thomas' Hospital and neurologist to three intensive care units. He was senior neurologist to specialist units for the care of patients with myasthenia gravis, motor neuron disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and post- polio syndrome at both Queen Square and St Thomas' hospitals and has written and lectured extensively on each of the subjects. He has been a senior editor and contributor to all three editions of Neurology: A Queen Square Textbook.Dimitri Kullmann FRCP FMedSci FRSDimitri Kullmann trained in medicine in Oxford and London and completed a DPhil in Oxford. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of California San Francisco, he trained in neurology at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, and established a laboratory focusing on synaptic transmission at the Institute of Neurology. He is now a professor of neurology at the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and honorary consultant neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery. His research interests include the fundamental mechanisms of synapse function, neurological channelopathies and gene therapy for epilepsy. He was the Editor of Brain from 2014 to 2020 and is on the Editorial Board of Neuron. He was made a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2001 and of the Royal Society in 2018.David Werring PhD FRCP FESODavid Werring trained in medicine at Guy's Hospital Medical School and in neurology in London. He was appointed as a consultant neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square in 2005. He is Professor of Clinical Neurology at the Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, and honorary consultant neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery. He delivers acute and outpatient stroke care and leads a research programme focussed on intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel disease. He is head of the Research Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, chair of the Association of British Neurologists Stroke Advisory Group, stroke specialty lead for the National Institute for Health Research North Thames Clinical Research Network, President- Elect of the British and Irish Association of Stroke Physicians, and editorial board member of the European Journal of Neurology, European Stroke Journal, International Journal of Stroke and Practical Neurology. David Werring chaired the UK Stroke Forum 2020-2022Michael Zandi PhD FRCPMichael Zandi trained in medicine in Cambridge, and completed neurology training in Cambridge, Norwich and London, and a PhD in Cambridge with time in the laboratory of Professor Angela Vincent at the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine in Oxford. He is a consultant neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and Honorary Associate Professor at the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology. His research interests include the mechanisms, natural history and clinical treatments of autoimmune encephalitis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation, neuroimmunology broadly, and the role of inflammation and autoimmunity in cognitive and psychiatric disorders. He has advised NHS England, the Royal College of Physicians and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.

• Contributors viiAbout the Editors xiiiForeword to the Third Edition xvPreface to First Edition xviiPreface to Second Edition xixPreface to Third Edition xxiAcknowledgements xxiii1 Global Burden of Neurological Disease and the Neurology of Climate Change 1Hadi Manji and Sanjay Sisodiya2 Approach to the Patient with Neurological Disease 17Robin Howard, Gerry Christofi, Alex Rossor, Jason Warren and David Werring3 Decision Making, Ethics and Law in Neurology 37Jonathan Martin and Alex Ruck Keene4 Neuropathology: Introduction to History, Diagnostic Approaches, Techniques and their Interpretation 53Sebastian Brandner5 Neuroimaging 67Frederik Barkhof and Francesco Carletti6 Neurogenetics 79Henry Houlden, Andrea Cortese and Edward J. Wild7 Neuroimmunology 91Michael Zandi, Aisling Carr, Rachel Brown and Michael Lunn8 Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 107David Werring, Matthew Adams, Laura Benjamin, Martin Brown, Arvind Chandratheva, Peter Cowley, Joan Grieve, Fiona Humphries, Hans Rolf Jäger, Nicholas Losseff, Richard Perry, Robert Simister and Ahmed Toma9 Movement Disorders 199Thomas Foltynie, Kailash Bhatia, Carla Cordivari, Eileen Joyce, Prasad Korlipara, Patricia Limousin, Tabish A. Saifee, Sarah Tabrizi and Thomas Warner10 Epilepsy and Related Disorders 247John Duncan, Josemir Sander, Ali Alim-Marvasti, Simona Balestrini, Sallie Baxendale, Dorothea Bindman, Krishna Chinthapalli, Fahmida Chowdhury, Beate Diehl, Sofia Eriksson, Jackie Foong, Dominic Heaney, Sofia Khan, Matthias Koepp, Dimitri Kullmann, Sanjeev Rajakulendran, Fergus Rugg-Gunn, Meneka Sidhu, Sanjay Sisodiya, Jane de Tisi, Maria Thom, Matthew Walker and Mahinda Yogarajah11 Cognitive Impairment and Dementia 319Jason Warren, John Collinge, Nick Fox, Simon Mead, Catherine Mummery, Jonathan Rohrer, Martin Rossor, Jonathan Schott and Rimona Weil12 Infection in the Nervous System 369Robin Howard, Laura Benjamin, Sophia De-Saram, Catherine Houlihan and Hadi Manji13 Cranial Nerve Disorders 433Robin Howard, Jeremy Chataway and Paul Jarman14 Spinal Column and Spinal Cord Disorders 463Tabish A. Saifee, Simon Farmer, Sachit Shah and David Choi15 Disorders of the Motor Cells: The Motor Neuron Diseases 499Andrea Malaspina, Jan Clarke, Pietro Fratta, Robin Howard, Ross Nortley, Richard Orrell, Rickie Patani, Katie Sidle and Michaela Waltho16 Diseases of the Peripheral Nerves 517Michael Lunn, Alex Rossor and Mary Reilly17 Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction 561Jennifer Spillane, Robin Howard, Dimitri Kullmann and Georgiana Logou18 Disorders of Muscle 575Jasper Morrow, Michael Hanna, Matt Parton and Christopher Turner19 Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases 603Siobhan Leary, Wallace Brownlee, Noreen Barker, Declan Chard, Jeremy Chataway, Karen Chung, Olga Ciccarelli, Gavin Giovannoni, Nevin John, Zhaleh Khaleeli, Josephine Swanton, Ahmed Toosy, Anand Trip, Heather Wilson and Alan Thompson20 Neuro-Oncology 655Jeremy Rees, Sebastian Brandner, Naomi Fersht, Joan Grieve, Gary Hotton, Michael Kosmin, Vittorio Russo, Lewis Thorne and Steffi Thust21 Headache 721Manjit Matharu, Paul Shanahan, Tim Young and Salwa Kamourieh22 Neuro-Ophthalmology 741James Acheson, Fion Bremner, Sara Ajina, Gordon Plant, Robin Howard, Alexander Leff and Ahmed Toosy23 Neuro-Otology: Dizziness, Balance and Hearing 797Diego Kaski, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Adolfo Bronstein and Nehzat Koohi24 Cerebellar Ataxias and Related Conditions 839Nicholas Wood25 Restorative Neurology, Rehabilitation and Brain Injury 855Valerie Stevenson, Sara Ajina, Gerry Christofi, Rachel Farrell, Richard Greenwood, Camille Julien, Siobhan Leary, Alexander Leff, Orlando Swayne, Richard Sylvester and Nick Ward26 Toxic, Metabolic and Physical Insults to the Nervous System 903Robin Howard, Talal Al-Mayhani, Aisling Carr, Alexander Leff, Jasper Morrow and Alexander Rossor27 Inherited Disorders of Metabolism 945Elaine Murphy, Charlotte Ellerton, Simon Heales, Robin Lachmann, David Lynch and Robert Pitceathly28 Disorders of Consciousness and Intensive Care Neurology 987Robin Howard, Dimitri Kullmann, Andrew Paget, Jennifer Spillane and Manni Waraich29 Disorders of Sleep 1049Sofia Eriksson, Robin Howard, Sofia Khan and Matthew Walker30 Neuropsychiatry 1061Eileen Joyce and Dorothea Bindman31 Pain in Neurological Disorders 1075Alan Fayaz and Anupam Bhattacharjee32 Autonomic Aspects of Neurology 1097Valeria Iodice, Gordon Ingle, Christopher Mathias and Patricia McNamara33 Uro-Neurology 1137Jalesh N. Panicker, Sara Simeoni and Mahreen Pakzad34 Systemic Conditions and Neurology 1155David Werring, Aisling Carr, Robin Howard, Dimitri Kullmann and Michael Zandi35 Palliative Care in Neurology 1203Jonathan Martin, Jan Clarke, Robin Howard and Michaela WalthoIndex 1219