Christian Nagel is a Microsoft MVP for Visual Studio and Development Technologies, software architect, and veteran developer who has been building solutions with .NET technologies since 2000. He has authored many acclaimed .NET books, and he also speaks at such international conferences as Ignite (formerly TechEd) and Tech Days. A supporter of .NET user groups, Christian is a Microsoft Certified Trainer and Professional Developer for WinUI and .NET MAUI Apps, ASP.NET Core, and Microsoft Azure.

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• Introduction xxxixPart I: The C# LanguageChapter 1: .NET Applications and Tools 3From .NET Framework to .NET Core to .NET 3.NET Terms 4.NET Support Length 9Application Types and Technologies 10Microsoft Azure 12Developer Tools 14Using the .NET CLI 16Summary 23Chapter 2: Core C# 24Fundamentals of C# 25Nullable Types 30Using Predefined Types 33Controlling Program Flow 37Organization with Namespaces 44Working with Strings 45Comments 49C# Preprocessor Directives 51C# Programming Guidelines 54Summary 58Chapter 3: Classes, Records, Structs, and Tuples 59Creating and Using Types 60Pass by Value or by Reference 60Classes 62Records 77Structs 79Enum Types 80ref, in, and out 83Tuples 86ValueTuple 88Deconstruction 88Pattern Matching 89Partial Types 92Summary 94Chapter 4: Object-Oriented Programming in C# 95Object Orientation 96Inheritance with Classes 96Modifiers 104Inheritance with Records 106Using Interfaces 107Generics 115Summary 118Chapter 5: Operators and Casts 119Operators 120Using Binary Operators 127Type Safety 132Operator Overloading 136Comparing Objects for Equality 139Implementing Custom Indexers 142User-Defined Conversions 143Summary 152Chapter 6: Arrays 153Multiple Objects of the Same Type 154Simple Arrays 154Multidimensional Arrays 157Jagged Arrays 158Array Class 159Arrays as Parameters 163Enumerators 163Using Span with Arrays 167Indices and Ranges 170Array Pools 172BitArray 174Summary 176Chapter 7: Delegates, Lambdas, and Events 177Referencing Methods 178Delegates 178Lambda Expressions 187Events 189Summary 192Chapter 8: Collections 193Overview 194Collection Interfaces and Types 194Lists 195Stacks 206Linked Lists 208Sorted List 209Dictionaries 211Sets 218Performance 220Immutable Collections 222Summary 225Chapter 9: Language Integrated Query 226LINQ Overview 227Standard Query Operators 233Parallel LINQ 256Expression Trees 258LINQ Providers 261Summary 262Chapter 10: Errors and Exceptions 263Handling Errors 264Predefined Exception Classes 264Catching Exceptions 265User-Defined Exception Classes 278Caller Information 285Summary 287Chapter 11: Tasks and Asynchronous Programming 288Why Asynchronous Programming Is Important 289Task-Based Async Pattern 290Tasks 291Error Handling 297Cancellation of async Methods 299Async Streams 300Async with Windows Apps 302Summary 306Chapter 12: Reflection, Metadata, And Source Generators 307Inspecting Code at Runtime and Dynamic Programming 308Custom Attributes 308Using Reflection 314Using Dynamic Language Extensions for Reflection 322ExpandoObject 325Source Generators 327Summary 334Chapter 13: Managed and Unmanaged Memory 335Memory 336Memory Management Under the Hood 336Strong and Weak References 342Working with Unmanaged Resources 344Unsafe Code 349Span 365Platform Invoke 368Summary 373Part II: LibrariesChapter 14: Libraries, Assemblies, Packages, and Nuget 377The Hell of Libraries 378Assemblies 379Creating and Using Libraries 381Creating NuGet Packages 386Module Initializers 390Summary 391Chapter 15: Dependency Injection and Configuration 392What Is Dependency Injection? 393Using the .NET DI Container 393Using the Host Class 395Lifetime of Services 396Initialization of Services Using Options 403Using Configuration Files 405Configuration with .NET Applications 406Azure App Configuration 411Summary 418Chapter 16: Diagnostics and Metrics 419Diagnostics Overview 420Logging 421Metrics 429Analytics with Visual Studio App Center 434Application Insights 437Summary 439Chapter 17: Parallel Programming 440Overview 441Parallel Class 442Tasks 448Cancellation Framework 455Channels 458Timers 461Threading Issues 463Interlocked 468Monitor 468SpinLock 469WaitHandle 470Mutex 470Semaphore 471Events 473Barrier 476ReaderWriterLockSlim 479Locks with await 481Summary 484Chapter 18: Files and Streams 485Overview 486Managing the File System 486Iterating Files 492Working with Streams 493Using Readers and Writers 503Compressing Files 505Watching File Changes 508JSON Serialization 509Using Files and Streams with the Windows Runtime 515Summary 519Chapter 19: Networking 520Overview 521Working with Utility Classes 521Using Sockets 526Using TCP Classes 533Using UDP 537Using Web Servers 542The HttpClient Class 548HttpClient Factory 554Summary 557Chapter 20: Security 558Elements of Security 559Verifying User Information 559Encrypting Data 566Ensuring Web Security 576Summary 581Chapter 21: Entity Framework Core 582Introducing EF Core 583Creating a Model 593Scaffolding a Model from the Database 600Migrations 601Working with Queries 606Loading Related Data 612Working with Relationships 617Saving Data 625Conflict Handling 630Using Transactions 635Using Azure Cosmos DB 639Summary 643Chapter 22: Localization 644Global Markets 645Namespace System.Globalization 645Resources 656Localization with ASP.NET Core 658Localization with WinUI 664Summary 667Chapter 23: Tests 668Overview 668Unit Testing 669Using a Mocking Library 678ASP.NET Core Integration Testing 682Summary 684Part III: Web Applications and ServicesChapter 24: Asp.NET Core 687Understanding Web Technologies 687Creating an ASP.NET Core Web Project 689Adding Client-Side Content 694Creating Custom Middleware 696Endpoint Routing 699Request and Response 700Session State 706Health Checks 708Deployment 711Summary 713Chapter 25: Services 714Understanding Today’s Services 715REST Services with ASP.NET Core 715Creating a .NET Client 724Using EF Core with Services 730Authentication and Authorization with Azure AD B2C 732Implementing and Using Services with GRPC 740Using Azure Functions 748More Azure Services 751Summary 751Chapter 26: Razor Pages and MVC 752Setting Up Services for Razor Pages and MVC 753Razor Pages 755ASP.NET Core MVC 773Summary 778Chapter 27: Blazor 779Blazor Server and Blazor WebAssembly 780Creating a Blazor Server Web Application 782Blazor WebAssembly 788Razor Components 792Summary 800Chapter 28: Signalr 801Overview 801Creating a Simple Chat Using SignalR 802Grouping Connections 810Streaming with SignalR 814Summary 816Part IV: AppsChapter 29: Windows Apps 819Introducing Windows Apps 819Introducing XAML 826Working with Controls 837Working with Data Binding 852Implementing Navigation 861Implementing Layout Panels 867Summary 875Chapter 30: Patterns with XAML Apps 876Why MVVM? 876Defining the MVVM Pattern 877Sample Solution 879Models 879Services 882View Models 883Views 891Messaging Using Events 897Summary 898Chapter 31: Styling Windows Apps 899Styling 900Shapes 900Geometry 902Transformation 903Brushes 906Styles and Resources 908Templates 913Animations 918Visual State Manager 928Summary 931Index 933

Christian Nagel is a Microsoft MVP for Visual Studio and Development Technologies, software architect, and veteran developer who has been building solutions with .NET technologies since 2000. He has authored many acclaimed .NET books, and he also speaks at such international conferences as Ignite (formerly TechEd) and Tech Days. A supporter of .NET user groups, Christian is a Microsoft Certified Trainer and Professional Developer for WinUI and .NET MAUI Apps, ASP.NET Core, and Microsoft Azure.

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• Introduction xxxixPart I: The C# LanguageChapter 1: .NET Applications and Tools 3From .NET Framework to .NET Core to .NET 3.NET Terms 4.NET Support Length 9Application Types and Technologies 10Microsoft Azure 12Developer Tools 14Using the .NET CLI 16Summary 23Chapter 2: Core C# 24Fundamentals of C# 25Nullable Types 30Using Predefined Types 33Controlling Program Flow 37Organization with Namespaces 44Working with Strings 45Comments 49C# Preprocessor Directives 51C# Programming Guidelines 54Summary 58Chapter 3: Classes, Records, Structs, and Tuples 59Creating and Using Types 60Pass by Value or by Reference 60Classes 62Records 77Structs 79Enum Types 80ref, in, and out 83Tuples 86ValueTuple 88Deconstruction 88Pattern Matching 89Partial Types 92Summary 94Chapter 4: Object-Oriented Programming in C# 95Object Orientation 96Inheritance with Classes 96Modifiers 104Inheritance with Records 106Using Interfaces 107Generics 115Summary 118Chapter 5: Operators and Casts 119Operators 120Using Binary Operators 127Type Safety 132Operator Overloading 136Comparing Objects for Equality 139Implementing Custom Indexers 142User-Defined Conversions 143Summary 152Chapter 6: Arrays 153Multiple Objects of the Same Type 154Simple Arrays 154Multidimensional Arrays 157Jagged Arrays 158Array Class 159Arrays as Parameters 163Enumerators 163Using Span with Arrays 167Indices and Ranges 170Array Pools 172BitArray 174Summary 176Chapter 7: Delegates, Lambdas, and Events 177Referencing Methods 178Delegates 178Lambda Expressions 187Events 189Summary 192Chapter 8: Collections 193Overview 194Collection Interfaces and Types 194Lists 195Stacks 206Linked Lists 208Sorted List 209Dictionaries 211Sets 218Performance 220Immutable Collections 222Summary 225Chapter 9: Language Integrated Query 226LINQ Overview 227Standard Query Operators 233Parallel LINQ 256Expression Trees 258LINQ Providers 261Summary 262Chapter 10: Errors and Exceptions 263Handling Errors 264Predefined Exception Classes 264Catching Exceptions 265User-Defined Exception Classes 278Caller Information 285Summary 287Chapter 11: Tasks and Asynchronous Programming 288Why Asynchronous Programming Is Important 289Task-Based Async Pattern 290Tasks 291Error Handling 297Cancellation of async Methods 299Async Streams 300Async with Windows Apps 302Summary 306Chapter 12: Reflection, Metadata, And Source Generators 307Inspecting Code at Runtime and Dynamic Programming 308Custom Attributes 308Using Reflection 314Using Dynamic Language Extensions for Reflection 322ExpandoObject 325Source Generators 327Summary 334Chapter 13: Managed and Unmanaged Memory 335Memory 336Memory Management Under the Hood 336Strong and Weak References 342Working with Unmanaged Resources 344Unsafe Code 349Span 365Platform Invoke 368Summary 373Part II: LibrariesChapter 14: Libraries, Assemblies, Packages, and Nuget 377The Hell of Libraries 378Assemblies 379Creating and Using Libraries 381Creating NuGet Packages 386Module Initializers 390Summary 391Chapter 15: Dependency Injection and Configuration 392What Is Dependency Injection? 393Using the .NET DI Container 393Using the Host Class 395Lifetime of Services 396Initialization of Services Using Options 403Using Configuration Files 405Configuration with .NET Applications 406Azure App Configuration 411Summary 418Chapter 16: Diagnostics and Metrics 419Diagnostics Overview 420Logging 421Metrics 429Analytics with Visual Studio App Center 434Application Insights 437Summary 439Chapter 17: Parallel Programming 440Overview 441Parallel Class 442Tasks 448Cancellation Framework 455Channels 458Timers 461Threading Issues 463Interlocked 468Monitor 468SpinLock 469WaitHandle 470Mutex 470Semaphore 471Events 473Barrier 476ReaderWriterLockSlim 479Locks with await 481Summary 484Chapter 18: Files and Streams 485Overview 486Managing the File System 486Iterating Files 492Working with Streams 493Using Readers and Writers 503Compressing Files 505Watching File Changes 508JSON Serialization 509Using Files and Streams with the Windows Runtime 515Summary 519Chapter 19: Networking 520Overview 521Working with Utility Classes 521Using Sockets 526Using TCP Classes 533Using UDP 537Using Web Servers 542The HttpClient Class 548HttpClient Factory 554Summary 557Chapter 20: Security 558Elements of Security 559Verifying User Information 559Encrypting Data 566Ensuring Web Security 576Summary 581Chapter 21: Entity Framework Core 582Introducing EF Core 583Creating a Model 593Scaffolding a Model from the Database 600Migrations 601Working with Queries 606Loading Related Data 612Working with Relationships 617Saving Data 625Conflict Handling 630Using Transactions 635Using Azure Cosmos DB 639Summary 643Chapter 22: Localization 644Global Markets 645Namespace System.Globalization 645Resources 656Localization with ASP.NET Core 658Localization with WinUI 664Summary 667Chapter 23: Tests 668Overview 668Unit Testing 669Using a Mocking Library 678ASP.NET Core Integration Testing 682Summary 684Part III: Web Applications and ServicesChapter 24: Asp.NET Core 687Understanding Web Technologies 687Creating an ASP.NET Core Web Project 689Adding Client-Side Content 694Creating Custom Middleware 696Endpoint Routing 699Request and Response 700Session State 706Health Checks 708Deployment 711Summary 713Chapter 25: Services 714Understanding Today’s Services 715REST Services with ASP.NET Core 715Creating a .NET Client 724Using EF Core with Services 730Authentication and Authorization with Azure AD B2C 732Implementing and Using Services with GRPC 740Using Azure Functions 748More Azure Services 751Summary 751Chapter 26: Razor Pages and MVC 752Setting Up Services for Razor Pages and MVC 753Razor Pages 755ASP.NET Core MVC 773Summary 778Chapter 27: Blazor 779Blazor Server and Blazor WebAssembly 780Creating a Blazor Server Web Application 782Blazor WebAssembly 788Razor Components 792Summary 800Chapter 28: Signalr 801Overview 801Creating a Simple Chat Using SignalR 802Grouping Connections 810Streaming with SignalR 814Summary 816Part IV: AppsChapter 29: Windows Apps 819Introducing Windows Apps 819Introducing XAML 826Working with Controls 837Working with Data Binding 852Implementing Navigation 861Implementing Layout Panels 867Summary 875Chapter 30: Patterns with XAML Apps 876Why MVVM? 876Defining the MVVM Pattern 877Sample Solution 879Models 879Services 882View Models 883Views 891Messaging Using Events 897Summary 898Chapter 31: Styling Windows Apps 899Styling 900Shapes 900Geometry 902Transformation 903Brushes 906Styles and Resources 908Templates 913Animations 918Visual State Manager 928Summary 931Index 933

Christian Nagel is a Microsoft MVP for Visual Studio and Development Technologies, software architect, and veteran developer who has been building solutions with .NET technologies since 2000. He has authored many acclaimed .NET books, and he also speaks at such international conferences as Ignite (formerly TechEd) and Tech Days. A supporter of .NET user groups, Christian is a Microsoft Certified Trainer and Professional Developer for WinUI and .NET MAUI Apps, ASP.NET Core, and Microsoft Azure.

Select Guide Rating

• Introduction xxxixPart I: The C# LanguageChapter 1: .NET Applications and Tools 3From .NET Framework to .NET Core to .NET 3.NET Terms 4.NET Support Length 9Application Types and Technologies 10Microsoft Azure 12Developer Tools 14Using the .NET CLI 16Summary 23Chapter 2: Core C# 24Fundamentals of C# 25Nullable Types 30Using Predefined Types 33Controlling Program Flow 37Organization with Namespaces 44Working with Strings 45Comments 49C# Preprocessor Directives 51C# Programming Guidelines 54Summary 58Chapter 3: Classes, Records, Structs, and Tuples 59Creating and Using Types 60Pass by Value or by Reference 60Classes 62Records 77Structs 79Enum Types 80ref, in, and out 83Tuples 86ValueTuple 88Deconstruction 88Pattern Matching 89Partial Types 92Summary 94Chapter 4: Object-Oriented Programming in C# 95Object Orientation 96Inheritance with Classes 96Modifiers 104Inheritance with Records 106Using Interfaces 107Generics 115Summary 118Chapter 5: Operators and Casts 119Operators 120Using Binary Operators 127Type Safety 132Operator Overloading 136Comparing Objects for Equality 139Implementing Custom Indexers 142User-Defined Conversions 143Summary 152Chapter 6: Arrays 153Multiple Objects of the Same Type 154Simple Arrays 154Multidimensional Arrays 157Jagged Arrays 158Array Class 159Arrays as Parameters 163Enumerators 163Using Span with Arrays 167Indices and Ranges 170Array Pools 172BitArray 174Summary 176Chapter 7: Delegates, Lambdas, and Events 177Referencing Methods 178Delegates 178Lambda Expressions 187Events 189Summary 192Chapter 8: Collections 193Overview 194Collection Interfaces and Types 194Lists 195Stacks 206Linked Lists 208Sorted List 209Dictionaries 211Sets 218Performance 220Immutable Collections 222Summary 225Chapter 9: Language Integrated Query 226LINQ Overview 227Standard Query Operators 233Parallel LINQ 256Expression Trees 258LINQ Providers 261Summary 262Chapter 10: Errors and Exceptions 263Handling Errors 264Predefined Exception Classes 264Catching Exceptions 265User-Defined Exception Classes 278Caller Information 285Summary 287Chapter 11: Tasks and Asynchronous Programming 288Why Asynchronous Programming Is Important 289Task-Based Async Pattern 290Tasks 291Error Handling 297Cancellation of async Methods 299Async Streams 300Async with Windows Apps 302Summary 306Chapter 12: Reflection, Metadata, And Source Generators 307Inspecting Code at Runtime and Dynamic Programming 308Custom Attributes 308Using Reflection 314Using Dynamic Language Extensions for Reflection 322ExpandoObject 325Source Generators 327Summary 334Chapter 13: Managed and Unmanaged Memory 335Memory 336Memory Management Under the Hood 336Strong and Weak References 342Working with Unmanaged Resources 344Unsafe Code 349Span 365Platform Invoke 368Summary 373Part II: LibrariesChapter 14: Libraries, Assemblies, Packages, and Nuget 377The Hell of Libraries 378Assemblies 379Creating and Using Libraries 381Creating NuGet Packages 386Module Initializers 390Summary 391Chapter 15: Dependency Injection and Configuration 392What Is Dependency Injection? 393Using the .NET DI Container 393Using the Host Class 395Lifetime of Services 396Initialization of Services Using Options 403Using Configuration Files 405Configuration with .NET Applications 406Azure App Configuration 411Summary 418Chapter 16: Diagnostics and Metrics 419Diagnostics Overview 420Logging 421Metrics 429Analytics with Visual Studio App Center 434Application Insights 437Summary 439Chapter 17: Parallel Programming 440Overview 441Parallel Class 442Tasks 448Cancellation Framework 455Channels 458Timers 461Threading Issues 463Interlocked 468Monitor 468SpinLock 469WaitHandle 470Mutex 470Semaphore 471Events 473Barrier 476ReaderWriterLockSlim 479Locks with await 481Summary 484Chapter 18: Files and Streams 485Overview 486Managing the File System 486Iterating Files 492Working with Streams 493Using Readers and Writers 503Compressing Files 505Watching File Changes 508JSON Serialization 509Using Files and Streams with the Windows Runtime 515Summary 519Chapter 19: Networking 520Overview 521Working with Utility Classes 521Using Sockets 526Using TCP Classes 533Using UDP 537Using Web Servers 542The HttpClient Class 548HttpClient Factory 554Summary 557Chapter 20: Security 558Elements of Security 559Verifying User Information 559Encrypting Data 566Ensuring Web Security 576Summary 581Chapter 21: Entity Framework Core 582Introducing EF Core 583Creating a Model 593Scaffolding a Model from the Database 600Migrations 601Working with Queries 606Loading Related Data 612Working with Relationships 617Saving Data 625Conflict Handling 630Using Transactions 635Using Azure Cosmos DB 639Summary 643Chapter 22: Localization 644Global Markets 645Namespace System.Globalization 645Resources 656Localization with ASP.NET Core 658Localization with WinUI 664Summary 667Chapter 23: Tests 668Overview 668Unit Testing 669Using a Mocking Library 678ASP.NET Core Integration Testing 682Summary 684Part III: Web Applications and ServicesChapter 24: Asp.NET Core 687Understanding Web Technologies 687Creating an ASP.NET Core Web Project 689Adding Client-Side Content 694Creating Custom Middleware 696Endpoint Routing 699Request and Response 700Session State 706Health Checks 708Deployment 711Summary 713Chapter 25: Services 714Understanding Today’s Services 715REST Services with ASP.NET Core 715Creating a .NET Client 724Using EF Core with Services 730Authentication and Authorization with Azure AD B2C 732Implementing and Using Services with GRPC 740Using Azure Functions 748More Azure Services 751Summary 751Chapter 26: Razor Pages and MVC 752Setting Up Services for Razor Pages and MVC 753Razor Pages 755ASP.NET Core MVC 773Summary 778Chapter 27: Blazor 779Blazor Server and Blazor WebAssembly 780Creating a Blazor Server Web Application 782Blazor WebAssembly 788Razor Components 792Summary 800Chapter 28: Signalr 801Overview 801Creating a Simple Chat Using SignalR 802Grouping Connections 810Streaming with SignalR 814Summary 816Part IV: AppsChapter 29: Windows Apps 819Introducing Windows Apps 819Introducing XAML 826Working with Controls 837Working with Data Binding 852Implementing Navigation 861Implementing Layout Panels 867Summary 875Chapter 30: Patterns with XAML Apps 876Why MVVM? 876Defining the MVVM Pattern 877Sample Solution 879Models 879Services 882View Models 883Views 891Messaging Using Events 897Summary 898Chapter 31: Styling Windows Apps 899Styling 900Shapes 900Geometry 902Transformation 903Brushes 906Styles and Resources 908Templates 913Animations 918Visual State Manager 928Summary 931Index 933