INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook

David D. Walden, ESEP, is Co-Owner and Principal Consultant for Sysnovation, which provides Systems Engineering training and consulting throughout the world. He is an INCOSE ESEP, a Senior Member of the IEEE, member of Tau Beta Pi, and the recipient of the INCOSE Founders Award. He resides in the USA.Dr. Thomas M. Shortell, CSEP, is an Associate Fellow at Lockheed Martin and an adjunct professor at Drexel University. He is an INCOSE CSEP and is co-lead of the INCOSE Future of Systems Engineering (FuSE) Initiative. He resides in the USA.Garry J. Roedler, ESEP, is a retired Senior Fellow and Engineering Outreach Program Manager for Lockheed Martin Corporation. Garry is a Past President of INCOSE. He is an INCOSE ESEP and Fellow, the recipient of the INCOSE Founders Award, the IEEE-SA Lifetime Achievement Award, the IEEE-CS Golden Core, the USC CSSE Lifetime Achievement Award, the Lockheed Martin Technical Leadership Award, and the Lockheed Martin NOVA Award, among others. He resides in the USA.Dr. Bernardo A. Delicado, ESEP, is a senior Systems Engineer with significant experience in collaborative Aerospace and Defense projects at European level. He was founding member of AEIS (The INCOSE Spain Chapter) and its President, the first Spaniard to earn an INCOSE ESEP certification, a member of INCOSE Advisory Certification Group (CAG), and a Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge (SEBoK) Editor. He resides in Spain.Odile Mornas, ESEP, is a graduate of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM). She holds a post-graduate degree and has worked for 40 years at Thales, including 15 years as a senior Systems Engineering expert and internal trainer. She is an INCOSE ESEP. She resides in France.Yip Yew-Seng, CSEP, is a founding management committee member of the INCOSE Singapore Chapter, its first CSEP, and was its President. His work experience includes a defense and systems engineering conglomerate, a university, a national R&D organization, multinational corporations, and telecommunications companies in Singapore, USA, UK, Israel, China, and Cambodia. He resides in Singapore.Dr. David Endler, ESEP, is a Systems Engineering Consultant, Trainer, and Coach. He is the Project Editor of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and was INCOSE’s Technical Director. He is an INCOSE ESEP and GfSE SE-ZERT® Level A. He resides in Germany.

• History of Changes xiList of Figures xiiiList of Tables xviiPreface xixHow to Use This Handbook xxi1 Systems Engineering Introduction 11.1 What Is Systems Engineering? 11.2 Why Is Systems Engineering Important? 41.3 Systems Concepts 81.4 Systems Engineering Foundations 151.5 System Science and Systems Thinking 212 System Life Cycle Concepts, Models, and Processes 252.1 Life Cycle Terms and Concepts 252.2 Life Cycle Model Approaches 332.3 System Life Cycle Processes 393 Life Cycle Analyses and Methods 1593.1 Quality Characteristics and Approaches 1593.2 Systems Engineering Analyses and Methods 1924 Tailoring and Application Considerations 2154.1 Tailoring Considerations 2154.2 SE Methodology/Approach Considerations 2194.3 System Types Considerations 2294.4 Application of Systems Engineering for Specific Product Sector or Domain Application 2445 Systems Engineering in Practice 2615.1 Systems Engineering Competencies 2615.2 Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion 2655.3 Systems Engineering Relationships to Other Disciplines 2665.4 Digital Engineering 2735.5 Systems Engineering Transformation 2745.6 Future of SE 2756 Case Studies 2776.1 Case 1: Radiation Therapy—the Therac-25 2776.2 Case 2: Joining Two Countries—the Øresund Bridge 2786.3 Case 3: Cybersecurity Considerations in Systems Engineering—the Stuxnet Attack on a Cyber-Physical System 2806.4 Case 4: Design for Maintainability—Incubators 2826.5 Case 5: Artificial Intelligence in Systems Engineering—Autonomous Vehicles 2836.6 Other Case Studies 285Appendix A: References 287Appendix B: Acronyms 305Appendix C: Terms and Definitions 311Appendix D: N2 Diagram of Systems Engineering Processes 317Appendix E: Input/Output Descriptions 321Appendix F: Acknowledgments 335Appendix G: Comment Form 337Index 339