SARAH CONNELL SANDERS is an accomplished educator and writer with a master’s degree in education from Boston College. She is a regular correspondent for Worcester Magazine and the Worcester Telegram & Gazette. JAMES M. LANG is a former professor of English and director of the D’Amour Center for Teaching Excellence at Assumption University. He is the author of six books, including the bestselling Small Teaching: Everyday Lessons from the Science of Learning.

• About the Author xiForeword xiiiIntroduction xviiPart I Knowing: The Six-Minute Fix 11 Retrieving 7What’s the Theory? 10In Short 15Models 15Three-Two-One 16Closing Questions 17Big Basket Quizzes 19Multi-Part Quizzes 19Polling 21Principles 22Frequency Matters 22Align Practice and Assessment 22Require Thinking 23Small Teaching Quick Tips: Retrieving 23Conclusion 242 Self-Explaining 27What’s the Theory? 29In Short 34Models 35Think Aloud 36How Does This Connect to Our Goal? 37Turn-and-Talk 38Discussion Protocols 40Principles 43Scaffold Self-Explanation 43Point to Principles 43Utilize Peer Power 44Small Teaching Quick Tips: Self-Explaining 44Conclusion 453 Predicting 47What’s the Theory? 49In Short 53Models 53Predict during Do Nows 54Pretesting 57Anticipation Guides 59Tea Party 60Closing Predictions 62Principles 63Stay Conceptual 63Provide Fast Feedback 63Leave Time for Reflection 64Small Teaching Quick Tips: Predicting 64Conclusion 654 Putting It All Together: Jennifer Hedrington, Grade 7 Teacher 67Part II Thinking: Strength and Conditioning 735 Synthesizing 77What’s the Theory? 79In Short 81Models 82Synthesis Sentence Starters 83Knowledge Dumps 86Finding the Main Idea 88Concept Maps 90The Minute Thesis 92Principles 93Provide the Framework 94Facilitate Synthesis 94Leverage Peer Learning 94Small Teaching Quick Tips: Synthesis 94Conclusion 956 Practicing 97What’s the Theory? 99In Short 103Models 104Unpack Your Assessments 104Parcel Them Out and Practice Them 106Provide Feedback 109Principles 111Make the Time for In-Class Practice 111Space It Out 111Practice Mindfully 112Small Teaching Quick Tips: Practice 112Conclusion 1137 Mapping 117What’s the Theory? 119In Short 125Models 125Year-Long Theme 126Writing an Objective 131Post an Agenda 133Principles 134Set a Timer 134Utilize Strong Verbs 135Don’t Be Afraid to Dipstick 136Small Teaching Quick Tips: Mapping 136Conclusion 1378 Putting It All Together: Jennessa Burks, Grade 4 Teacher 141Part III Transforming: Balance and Agility 1479 Growing 151What’s the Theory? 154In Short 157Models 157Reward Growth 157Give Growth-Language Feedback 160Promote Success Strategies 162Principles 163Design for Growth 164Communicate for Growth 164Feedback for Growth 164Small Teaching Quick Tips: Growing 165Conclusion 16510 Motivating 167What’s the Theory? 172In Short 175Models 176Positive Recognition 178Tell Great Stories 180Invoke Self-Transcendent Purpose 181Share Your Enthusiasm 182Show Compassion 183Principles 184Acknowledge the Emotions in the Room 185Make It Social 185Let Your Enthusiasm Show 185Small Teaching Quick Tips: Motivating 186Conclusion 18611 Expanding 191Models, Principles, and Resources 194Project-Based Learning 194Community Service Learning 196Games and Simulations 199Resources 204Small Teaching Quick Tips: Expanding 207Conclusion 20712 Putting It All Together: Matt Halpern, Kindergarten Teacher and Literacy Consultant 21113 Conclusion 217References 221Index 237

SARAH CONNELL SANDERS is an accomplished educator and writer with a master’s degree in education from Boston College. She is a regular correspondent for Worcester Magazine and the Worcester Telegram & Gazette. JAMES M. LANG is a former professor of English and director of the D’Amour Center for Teaching Excellence at Assumption University. He is the author of six books, including the bestselling Small Teaching: Everyday Lessons from the Science of Learning.

• About the Author xiForeword xiiiIntroduction xviiPart I Knowing: The Six-Minute Fix 11 Retrieving 7What’s the Theory? 10In Short 15Models 15Three-Two-One 16Closing Questions 17Big Basket Quizzes 19Multi-Part Quizzes 19Polling 21Principles 22Frequency Matters 22Align Practice and Assessment 22Require Thinking 23Small Teaching Quick Tips: Retrieving 23Conclusion 242 Self-Explaining 27What’s the Theory? 29In Short 34Models 35Think Aloud 36How Does This Connect to Our Goal? 37Turn-and-Talk 38Discussion Protocols 40Principles 43Scaffold Self-Explanation 43Point to Principles 43Utilize Peer Power 44Small Teaching Quick Tips: Self-Explaining 44Conclusion 453 Predicting 47What’s the Theory? 49In Short 53Models 53Predict during Do Nows 54Pretesting 57Anticipation Guides 59Tea Party 60Closing Predictions 62Principles 63Stay Conceptual 63Provide Fast Feedback 63Leave Time for Reflection 64Small Teaching Quick Tips: Predicting 64Conclusion 654 Putting It All Together: Jennifer Hedrington, Grade 7 Teacher 67Part II Thinking: Strength and Conditioning 735 Synthesizing 77What’s the Theory? 79In Short 81Models 82Synthesis Sentence Starters 83Knowledge Dumps 86Finding the Main Idea 88Concept Maps 90The Minute Thesis 92Principles 93Provide the Framework 94Facilitate Synthesis 94Leverage Peer Learning 94Small Teaching Quick Tips: Synthesis 94Conclusion 956 Practicing 97What’s the Theory? 99In Short 103Models 104Unpack Your Assessments 104Parcel Them Out and Practice Them 106Provide Feedback 109Principles 111Make the Time for In-Class Practice 111Space It Out 111Practice Mindfully 112Small Teaching Quick Tips: Practice 112Conclusion 1137 Mapping 117What’s the Theory? 119In Short 125Models 125Year-Long Theme 126Writing an Objective 131Post an Agenda 133Principles 134Set a Timer 134Utilize Strong Verbs 135Don’t Be Afraid to Dipstick 136Small Teaching Quick Tips: Mapping 136Conclusion 1378 Putting It All Together: Jennessa Burks, Grade 4 Teacher 141Part III Transforming: Balance and Agility 1479 Growing 151What’s the Theory? 154In Short 157Models 157Reward Growth 157Give Growth-Language Feedback 160Promote Success Strategies 162Principles 163Design for Growth 164Communicate for Growth 164Feedback for Growth 164Small Teaching Quick Tips: Growing 165Conclusion 16510 Motivating 167What’s the Theory? 172In Short 175Models 176Positive Recognition 178Tell Great Stories 180Invoke Self-Transcendent Purpose 181Share Your Enthusiasm 182Show Compassion 183Principles 184Acknowledge the Emotions in the Room 185Make It Social 185Let Your Enthusiasm Show 185Small Teaching Quick Tips: Motivating 186Conclusion 18611 Expanding 191Models, Principles, and Resources 194Project-Based Learning 194Community Service Learning 196Games and Simulations 199Resources 204Small Teaching Quick Tips: Expanding 207Conclusion 20712 Putting It All Together: Matt Halpern, Kindergarten Teacher and Literacy Consultant 21113 Conclusion 217References 221Index 237

SARAH CONNELL SANDERS is an accomplished educator and writer with a master’s degree in education from Boston College. She is a regular correspondent for Worcester Magazine and the Worcester Telegram & Gazette. JAMES M. LANG is a former professor of English and director of the D’Amour Center for Teaching Excellence at Assumption University. He is the author of six books, including the bestselling Small Teaching: Everyday Lessons from the Science of Learning.

• About the Author xiForeword xiiiIntroduction xviiPart I Knowing: The Six-Minute Fix 11 Retrieving 7What’s the Theory? 10In Short 15Models 15Three-Two-One 16Closing Questions 17Big Basket Quizzes 19Multi-Part Quizzes 19Polling 21Principles 22Frequency Matters 22Align Practice and Assessment 22Require Thinking 23Small Teaching Quick Tips: Retrieving 23Conclusion 242 Self-Explaining 27What’s the Theory? 29In Short 34Models 35Think Aloud 36How Does This Connect to Our Goal? 37Turn-and-Talk 38Discussion Protocols 40Principles 43Scaffold Self-Explanation 43Point to Principles 43Utilize Peer Power 44Small Teaching Quick Tips: Self-Explaining 44Conclusion 453 Predicting 47What’s the Theory? 49In Short 53Models 53Predict during Do Nows 54Pretesting 57Anticipation Guides 59Tea Party 60Closing Predictions 62Principles 63Stay Conceptual 63Provide Fast Feedback 63Leave Time for Reflection 64Small Teaching Quick Tips: Predicting 64Conclusion 654 Putting It All Together: Jennifer Hedrington, Grade 7 Teacher 67Part II Thinking: Strength and Conditioning 735 Synthesizing 77What’s the Theory? 79In Short 81Models 82Synthesis Sentence Starters 83Knowledge Dumps 86Finding the Main Idea 88Concept Maps 90The Minute Thesis 92Principles 93Provide the Framework 94Facilitate Synthesis 94Leverage Peer Learning 94Small Teaching Quick Tips: Synthesis 94Conclusion 956 Practicing 97What’s the Theory? 99In Short 103Models 104Unpack Your Assessments 104Parcel Them Out and Practice Them 106Provide Feedback 109Principles 111Make the Time for In-Class Practice 111Space It Out 111Practice Mindfully 112Small Teaching Quick Tips: Practice 112Conclusion 1137 Mapping 117What’s the Theory? 119In Short 125Models 125Year-Long Theme 126Writing an Objective 131Post an Agenda 133Principles 134Set a Timer 134Utilize Strong Verbs 135Don’t Be Afraid to Dipstick 136Small Teaching Quick Tips: Mapping 136Conclusion 1378 Putting It All Together: Jennessa Burks, Grade 4 Teacher 141Part III Transforming: Balance and Agility 1479 Growing 151What’s the Theory? 154In Short 157Models 157Reward Growth 157Give Growth-Language Feedback 160Promote Success Strategies 162Principles 163Design for Growth 164Communicate for Growth 164Feedback for Growth 164Small Teaching Quick Tips: Growing 165Conclusion 16510 Motivating 167What’s the Theory? 172In Short 175Models 176Positive Recognition 178Tell Great Stories 180Invoke Self-Transcendent Purpose 181Share Your Enthusiasm 182Show Compassion 183Principles 184Acknowledge the Emotions in the Room 185Make It Social 185Let Your Enthusiasm Show 185Small Teaching Quick Tips: Motivating 186Conclusion 18611 Expanding 191Models, Principles, and Resources 194Project-Based Learning 194Community Service Learning 196Games and Simulations 199Resources 204Small Teaching Quick Tips: Expanding 207Conclusion 20712 Putting It All Together: Matt Halpern, Kindergarten Teacher and Literacy Consultant 21113 Conclusion 217References 221Index 237