From Reopen to Reinvent

MICHAEL B. HORN strives to create a world in which all individuals can build their passions and fulfill their potential through his writing, speaking, and work with a portfolio of education organizations. He is the author of many books, including the award-winning Disrupting Class, Blended, and Choosing College and is the co-founder of the Clayton Christensen Institute.

• Acknowledgments xvAbout the Author xixForeword xxiThe Story of Jeremy and Julia xxiiiIntroduction 1The School System Isn’t Optimized for Anyone 3A Better Way Forward 12Key Takeaways 14Notes 151 From Threat to Opportunity 17Threat Rigidity 20Autonomy23 The Toyota Prius 24Southern New Hampshire University 25What This Could Look Like in K–12 Schools 30Key Takeaways 38Notes 392 Begin with the End: What’s the Purpose of Schooling? 43A Brief History of the Purpose of Schooling 45The Importance of Beginning with the End 47An Opportunity to Clarify Purpose 48A Starting Point for the Purpose Conversation 49Key Takeaways 54Notes 543 The Scope of Schools: How Do We Accomplish a School’s Purpose? 57Schools’ Scope 59A Better Way Forward: The Theory of Interdependence and Modularity 60Applying the Theory to Schools 63Six Domains to Consider in Your School’s Scope 66Personalizing This Approach in My Community 80Remaining Concerns 82The Future of Schooling 83Key Takeaways 84Notes 854 Student Experience: Lose Learning Loss 97What Do Students Want? 99Traditional Schools Fall Short 100Lose Learning Loss 103Key Takeaways 104Notes 1055 Student Experience: Guarantee Mastery 107A Learning Cycle Built on Success 108How Toyota Illustrates the Power of Guaranteed Mastery109 Time- Bound versus Guaranteed Learning 111Don’t Just Change Grading When Implementing Mastery- Based Learning 114Answers to Four Criticisms of Mastery Learning 121Having Fun with Friends 128From Zero Sum to Positive Sum 131Success and Fun with Friends in Action 133Results 140Implementation of Pods and Microschools 143Key Takeaways 148Notes 1486 T in Teachers Is for Team 155Moving Past Normal 157The Best Use of Face- to- Face Time 158No Teacher Should Do All of These Activities 161Team- Based Co- Teaching 162Unbundling to Take Things Off Teachers’ Plates 168Teacher Motivation 173Will Teachers Embrace the Shift? 176Key Takeaways 179Notes 1807 The Parent Experience 185Understanding Parents’ Quest for Progress 188Implementing Change 192Is Anything Universal? 199Kano Model 210Flexibility and Unbundling 214The Stress of Schooling for Parents 217Key Takeaways 222Notes 2228 The Technology 227The Bare Minimum 230How to Ensure Adequate Technology for All Students 233How to Use Digital Learning Well 236Key Takeaways 245Notes 2469 Culture 249What Is Culture? 250How to Create a Strong Culture 251The Power of Great Culture 254The Risks of Getting Culture Wrong 255Reinventing Culture 256Key Takeaways 258Notes 25910 Test Your Assumptions and Learn 261Will Your Plans to Reinvent Schooling “Work”? 263A Less Risky Path That Embraces Innovation 264The Standard Planning Process 266What Is Discovery- Driven Planning? 267Key Takeaways 281Notes 28211 Implementing Change When People Don’t Always Agree 283Understanding the Level of Agreement 285Leadership Tools 288Management Tools 291Culture Tools 292Power Tools 293Tool of Separation 296Mechanisms of Movement 298The Power of Education 301Key Takeaways 302Notes 30212 Conclusion 305Resolving the Paradox 308Notes 312Index 315