Nursing Fundamentals DeMYSTiFieD, Second Edition

Jim Keogh is on the faculty of Columbia University teaching courses in its technology certification program. He has spent 15 years developing computer systems for major Wall Street firms such as Salomen, Inc. and Bear Stearns and has written several best-selling books for Prentice Hall and IDG.

• PART I INTRODUCTION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION CHAPTER 1 Nursing—An Evolving Profession Overview 4 Historical Review Theoretical Foundation Nursing Roles and Education Legal Perspectives Ethical Perspective Cultural Perspective The Future of Nursing CHAPTER 2 The Nursing Process Overview Assessment Types of Assessment Data Collection Diagnosis Definition Diagnostic Process NANDA’s Nursing Diagnosis Taxonomy Planning Prioritizing Diagnoses Expected Outcomes and Outcome Criteria Nursing Interventions Nursing Care Plans Implementation Evaluation Evaluation at the Individual Patient Level Evaluation at the Organizational Level Conclusion PART II FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF NURSING CARE CHAPTER 3 Communication and Documentation Overview 34 Communication Basic Principles Nursing and the Communication Process Documentation Purpose of Documentation Principles of Documentation Methods of Documentation Reporting Conclusion CHAPTER 4Vital Sign Assessment Overview Temperature Thermoregulation Temperature Variations Procedural Tips Pulse Pulse Characteristics Procedural Tips Respirations Respiratory Characteristics Procedural Tips Blood Pressure Blood Pressure Variations Procedural Tips Vital Sign Documentation Conclusion CHAPTER 5 Health Assessment Overview Nursing Health History Components of the Health History Physical Examination General Techniques Preparing for the Examination Performing the Examination Conclusion CHAPTER 6Medication Administration Overview Basic Pharmacological Principles Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Legal Guidelines for Medication Administration Medication Administration Principles Right Patient Right Medication Right Dose Right Route Right Time Right Documentation Nursing Process and Medication Administration Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 7 Safety Overview Infection Control Infection Cycle Infection Control Strategies Asepsis Health Promotion Injury Prevention and Security Injury Prevention: General Guidelines Injury Prevention in the Healthcare Setting Conclusion PART III MEETING BASIC HUMAN NEEDS CHAPTER 8 Skin Integrity Overview The Structure and Physiology of the Skin Factors Influencing Skin Function Age Nutrition and Hydration Hygiene Environment Health Deviations The Nursing Process and Skin Integrity Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning and Implementation Health Promotion Prevention of Skin Impairment in At-Risk Patients Interventions for Impaired Skin Integrity Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 9 Activity and Mobility Overview Physiology of Mobility Factors Influencing Mobility Effects of Immobility The Nursing Process and Mobility Assessment Nursing Diagnoses Planning Implementation Health Promotion Restorative Interventions Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 10 Sensory and Cognition Overview Physiology of Sensory and Cognitive Function Sensory Reception Cognitive Processing of Stimuli Cognitive Components Factors Influencing Sensory and Cognitive Function Age Environment Lifestyle and Previous Experiences Culture, Values, and Beliefs Health Deviations Medications Alteration in Sensory and Cognitive Function Sensory Alterations Cognitive Alterations Nursing Process and Sensory and Cognitive Function Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning and Implementation Interventions for Cognitive Impairment Conclusion CHAPTER 11 Sleep and Comfort Overview Sleep and Rest Physiology of Sleep Factors Influencing Sleep and Rest Effects of Sleep Disturbances The Nursing Process and Sleep/Rest Disturbances Pain and Comfort Physiology of Pain Types of Pain Factors Influencing Comfort and Pain The Nursing Process and Pain Conclusion CHAPTER 12 Oxygenation Overview Physiology of Oxygenation Factors Influencing Oxygenation Physiological Factors Age and Developmental Stage Environmental Factors Diet Lifestyle Health Alterations Alterations in Oxygenation The Nursing Process and Oxygenation Assessment Nursing Diagnoses Planning Implementation Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 13 Nutrition Overview Physiology of Nutrition Nutrients Digestive Process Factors Influencing Nutrition Age and Developmental Stage Lifestyle and Culture Health Alterations and Therapeutic Interventions The Nursing Process and Nutrition Assessment Nursing Diagnoses Planning and Implementation Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 14 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance Overview Physiology of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Regulation Fluids Electrolytes Acid–Base Balance Factors Influencing Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance Food and Fluid Intake Drugs Health Alterations Age Alterations in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance Fluid Imbalances Electrolyte and Acid–Base Imbalances The Nursing Process and Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning Nursing Interventions Evaluation Conclusion CHAPTER 15 Urinary Elimination Overview Factors Influencing Urinary Elimination Age and Developmental Stage Diet and Fluid Intake Psychosocial Factors Health Alterations Medical and Surgical Interventions Alterations in Urinary Elimination Urinary Retention 263 Urinary Incontinence Urinary Tract Infections Urinary Diversions The Nursing Process and Urinary Elimination Nursing Interventions Conclusion CHAPTER 16 Bowel Elimination Overview Factors Influencing Bowel Elimination Age and Developmental Stage Diet and Fluid Intake Activity and Exercise Psychosocial Factors Medical and Surgical Interventions Alterations in Bowel Elimination Constipation Impaction Diarrhea Fecal Incontinence Flatulence Bowel Diversions The Nursing Process and Bowel Elimination Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning Implementation Conclusion CHAPTER 17 Psychosocial Needs Overview Self-concept Components of Self-concept Influencing Factors Alterations in Self-concept Families, Roles, and Relationships Influencing Factors Alterations in Roles and Relationships Human Sexuality Basic Concepts Influencing Factors Alterations in Sexuality Spirituality Influencing Factors Stress, Loss, Grief, and Coping Stress and Coping Loss and Grief The Nursing Process and Meeting Psychosocial Needs Assessment Nursing Diagnoses Planning Implementation Conclusion Final Exam Index