Concise Companion to Language Assessment

ANTONY JOHN KUNNAN is a specialist in language assessment research who has held academic positions in many universities including ones in Bangalore, Los Angeles, Yerevan, Taichung, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Macau. He has published widely on various topics including validation and fairness and policy and practice for immigration and citizenship. His most recent authored book is Evaluating Language Assessments published in 2018. He was the founding Editor of Language Assessment Quarterly, the founding President of the Asian Association for Language Assessment, and the past President of the International Language Testing Association. In 2024, he was awarded the Cambridge-ILTA Distinguished Achievement Award in language assessment.

• About the Editor xiList of Contributors xiiiAcknowledgments xixIntroduction xxiTheme 1 Fundamental Considerations1 How to Conceptualize and Implement a Language Assessment 3Lyle F. Bachman and Barbara Damböck2 Learning-Oriented Language Assessment 22James Enos Purpura3 Assessing Integrated Skills 42Alister Cumming4 Dynamic Assessment in the Classroom 55Matthew E. Poehner5 Designing Evaluations for Validation of Language Assessments 67Carol A. Chapelle, Erik Voss, and Haeun Kim6 Fairness and Justice in Language Assessment 80Antony John Kunnan7 Statistics and Software for Test Revisions 93Yo In’nami and Rie Koizumi8 Language Assessment and Artificial Intelligence 112Erik VossTheme 2 Assessing Language Skills and Resources9 Assessing Listening 129Elvis Wagner10 Assessing Speaking 143Barry O’Sullivan Copyrighted Material11 Assessing Reading 154William Grabe and Xiangying Jiang12 Assessing Writing 168Cecilia Guanfang Zhao13 Assessing the Linguistic Resources of Meaningful Communication 181James Enos Purpura and Saerhim Oh14 Assessing Vocabulary 205John Read15 Assessing Pronunciation 216Talia Isaacs16 Assessing Interactional Competence and Pragmatics 230Carsten RoeverTheme 3 Assessment Development and Evaluation17 Assessing English as a Lingua Franca 245Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung18 Scenario- Based Language Assessment 255Heidi Liu Banerjee19 Adapting or Developing Source Materials for Listening and Reading Tests 270Anthony Green20 Automated Writing Assessment and Feedback 285Sara T. Cushing and Sha LiuTheme 4 Assessment Contexts21 Classroom-Based Assessment Issues for Language Teacher Education 303Constant Leung22 Assessment of Young Language Learners 312Mikyung Kim Wolf23 Monitoring Progress in the Classroom 326Matthew E. Poehner and Rama Mathew24 Diagnostic Assessment Feedback in the 21st- Century Technology-Rich Classroom 339Eunice Eunhee Jang, Maryam Wagner, Liam Hannah, and Hyunah Kim25 Evolution and Future Trends in Tests of English for University Admissions 355Xiaoming Xi, Brent Bridgeman, and Cathy Wendler26 Assessing Health and Other Professionals 371Lynda Taylor and John Pill27 Acoustic and Temporal Analysis for Assessing Speaking 383Okim Kang and Lucy PickeringTheme 5 Assessment for Immigration and Citizenship28 Language Testing for Residence and Citizenship in Europe: Justifications, Consequences, and Debates 401Cecilie Hamnes Carlsen29 Language Assessment for Immigration in Australia: Test- Policy- Discourse Entanglements and Their Ethical Implications 417Kellie Frost30 U.S. Immigration, Citizenship, and the Naturalization Test: Policies and practices 432Antony John KunnanTheme 6 Qualitative Research Methods31 Introspective Methods 453Miyuki Sasaki and Yuhang Hu32 Test-Taking Strategies 473Yuyang Cai33 Consequences, Impact, and Washback 496Liying Cheng34 Language Testing in the Dock 509Glenn FulcherTheme 7 Quantitative Research Methods35 Historical Overview of Classical Theory: Reliability 527James Dean Brown36 Classical Test Theory – Reliability 541Yasuyo Sawaki37 Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Score Interpretations in Language Assessment 555Ikkyu Choi38 Practical Uses of EFA and SEM for Language Assessment Researchers 570Gary J. Ockey39 Item Response Theory in Language Assessment 588Shangchao Min and Lianzhen He40 Many-Facet Rasch Analysis for Evaluating Second Language Tests 602Khaled Barkaoui41 Psychometric Considerations for a Computerized Adaptive Language Test 619Steven W. Nydick, J.R. Lockwood, and Mancy LiaoTheme 8 The Role of Technology42 Computer-Assisted Language Testing 637Ruslan Suvorov, Yasin Karatay, and Volker Hegelheimer43 Computer-Adaptive Language Testing: Focus on Language Issues 649Ramsey Cardwell, Ben Naismith, and Micheline Chalhoub-Deville44 Automated Writing Evaluation 661Jill Burstein and Yigal Attali45 Detecting Plagiarism and Cheating 671Ardeshir GeranpayehIndex 681