Tina Wismer, DVM, MS, DABVT, DABT, is the Senior Director of Toxicology at the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) in Champaign, Illinois. Dr. Wismer earned her undergraduate degree from Ohio’s University of Findlay and her DVM from Purdue University in 1994. In July 2003, Dr. Wismer became a Diplomat of the American Board of Toxicology and the American Board of Veterinary Toxicology. She is also an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois, a visiting professor at St. Matthew’s University, and a consultant for the Veterinary Information Network.

• Contributors ixPreface xiAcknowledgement xiiSection 1: Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical Toxicology 11 General Toxicologic Principles 3Sharon Gwaltney- Brant2 Incidence of Poisoning in Small Animals 16Ginger Watts Brown3 Toxicology Information Resources 22Lisa Bunnell4 Taking a Toxicologic History 29Carrie Lohmeyer- Mauzy5 Essential Calculations 37Jennifer Kendall6 Initial Management of Acute Intoxications 48Brittany Parsons7 Decontamination Procedures 55Lisa Murphy8 Antidotes 62Tina Wismer9 Most Deadly Toxins; Investigating Fatal Suspected Poisonings 77Devon Davis and Safdar A. Khan Copyrighted Material10 Toxicologic Testing and Using Diagnostic Laboratories 86Lisa MurphySection 2: A Systems-Affected Approach to Toxicology 9111 Nervous System 93Tina Wismer12 Cardiovascular System 98Karla R. Smith13 Pulmonary System 104Jeff Backus14 Hepatobiliary System 107Sharon Gwaltney- Brant15 Urinary System 113Erin Freed16 Other Systems 117Tina WismerSection 3: Specific Toxicants 12517 Rodenticides 127Eric Dunayer18 Insecticides 137Brandee Bean19 Other Pesticides 147Kristi D. Long20 Plants 159Charlotte Means21 Dietary Supplements and Herbs 174Charlotte Means22 Metals and Minerals 184Frank Davis23 Prescription Drugs 198Jennifer Hopkins24 Over- the- Counter Drugs 213Jenny Schuett25 Illicit Drugs and Drugs of Abuse 226Sharon Gwaltney- Brant and Tina Wismer26 Zootoxins 240Tamara Foss27 Food-Associated Intoxications 258Mindy Perez28 Mycotoxins and Mushrooms 271Lizzy Stone-Lawrence29 Household and Industrial Toxicants 290Rhian Cope30 Miscellaneous Toxicants 311Elisha ArgoAppendices 329Appendix 1: Drugs Used in Toxicology 331Catherine DzienisiewskiAppendix 2: Additional Toxic Plants and Associated System-Based Effects 348Charlotte MeansAppendix 3: Plants Not Reported to be Toxic 373Charlotte Means Index 380

Tina Wismer, DVM, MS, DABVT, DABT, is the Senior Director of Toxicology at the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) in Champaign, Illinois. Dr. Wismer earned her undergraduate degree from Ohio’s University of Findlay and her DVM from Purdue University in 1994. In July 2003, Dr. Wismer became a Diplomat of the American Board of Toxicology and the American Board of Veterinary Toxicology. She is also an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois, a visiting professor at St. Matthew’s University, and a consultant for the Veterinary Information Network.

• Contributors ixPreface xiAcknowledgement xiiSection 1: Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical Toxicology 11 General Toxicologic Principles 3Sharon Gwaltney- Brant2 Incidence of Poisoning in Small Animals 16Ginger Watts Brown3 Toxicology Information Resources 22Lisa Bunnell4 Taking a Toxicologic History 29Carrie Lohmeyer- Mauzy5 Essential Calculations 37Jennifer Kendall6 Initial Management of Acute Intoxications 48Brittany Parsons7 Decontamination Procedures 55Lisa Murphy8 Antidotes 62Tina Wismer9 Most Deadly Toxins; Investigating Fatal Suspected Poisonings 77Devon Davis and Safdar A. Khan Copyrighted Material10 Toxicologic Testing and Using Diagnostic Laboratories 86Lisa MurphySection 2: A Systems-Affected Approach to Toxicology 9111 Nervous System 93Tina Wismer12 Cardiovascular System 98Karla R. Smith13 Pulmonary System 104Jeff Backus14 Hepatobiliary System 107Sharon Gwaltney- Brant15 Urinary System 113Erin Freed16 Other Systems 117Tina WismerSection 3: Specific Toxicants 12517 Rodenticides 127Eric Dunayer18 Insecticides 137Brandee Bean19 Other Pesticides 147Kristi D. Long20 Plants 159Charlotte Means21 Dietary Supplements and Herbs 174Charlotte Means22 Metals and Minerals 184Frank Davis23 Prescription Drugs 198Jennifer Hopkins24 Over- the- Counter Drugs 213Jenny Schuett25 Illicit Drugs and Drugs of Abuse 226Sharon Gwaltney- Brant and Tina Wismer26 Zootoxins 240Tamara Foss27 Food-Associated Intoxications 258Mindy Perez28 Mycotoxins and Mushrooms 271Lizzy Stone-Lawrence29 Household and Industrial Toxicants 290Rhian Cope30 Miscellaneous Toxicants 311Elisha ArgoAppendices 329Appendix 1: Drugs Used in Toxicology 331Catherine DzienisiewskiAppendix 2: Additional Toxic Plants and Associated System-Based Effects 348Charlotte MeansAppendix 3: Plants Not Reported to be Toxic 373Charlotte Means Index 380

Tina Wismer, DVM, MS, DABVT, DABT, is the Senior Director of Toxicology at the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) in Champaign, Illinois. Dr. Wismer earned her undergraduate degree from Ohio’s University of Findlay and her DVM from Purdue University in 1994. In July 2003, Dr. Wismer became a Diplomat of the American Board of Toxicology and the American Board of Veterinary Toxicology. She is also an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois, a visiting professor at St. Matthew’s University, and a consultant for the Veterinary Information Network.

• Contributors ixPreface xiAcknowledgement xiiSection 1: Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical Toxicology 11 General Toxicologic Principles 3Sharon Gwaltney- Brant2 Incidence of Poisoning in Small Animals 16Ginger Watts Brown3 Toxicology Information Resources 22Lisa Bunnell4 Taking a Toxicologic History 29Carrie Lohmeyer- Mauzy5 Essential Calculations 37Jennifer Kendall6 Initial Management of Acute Intoxications 48Brittany Parsons7 Decontamination Procedures 55Lisa Murphy8 Antidotes 62Tina Wismer9 Most Deadly Toxins; Investigating Fatal Suspected Poisonings 77Devon Davis and Safdar A. Khan Copyrighted Material10 Toxicologic Testing and Using Diagnostic Laboratories 86Lisa MurphySection 2: A Systems-Affected Approach to Toxicology 9111 Nervous System 93Tina Wismer12 Cardiovascular System 98Karla R. Smith13 Pulmonary System 104Jeff Backus14 Hepatobiliary System 107Sharon Gwaltney- Brant15 Urinary System 113Erin Freed16 Other Systems 117Tina WismerSection 3: Specific Toxicants 12517 Rodenticides 127Eric Dunayer18 Insecticides 137Brandee Bean19 Other Pesticides 147Kristi D. Long20 Plants 159Charlotte Means21 Dietary Supplements and Herbs 174Charlotte Means22 Metals and Minerals 184Frank Davis23 Prescription Drugs 198Jennifer Hopkins24 Over- the- Counter Drugs 213Jenny Schuett25 Illicit Drugs and Drugs of Abuse 226Sharon Gwaltney- Brant and Tina Wismer26 Zootoxins 240Tamara Foss27 Food-Associated Intoxications 258Mindy Perez28 Mycotoxins and Mushrooms 271Lizzy Stone-Lawrence29 Household and Industrial Toxicants 290Rhian Cope30 Miscellaneous Toxicants 311Elisha ArgoAppendices 329Appendix 1: Drugs Used in Toxicology 331Catherine DzienisiewskiAppendix 2: Additional Toxic Plants and Associated System-Based Effects 348Charlotte MeansAppendix 3: Plants Not Reported to be Toxic 373Charlotte Means Index 380