Ellis's Clinical Anatomy

Harold Ellis, CBE, MA, DM, MCh, FRCS, FRCP, FRCOG, FRCR, FACS (Hon), is a renowned former Clinical Anatomist at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Biomedical Sciences and Emeritus Professor of Surgery at Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London. A former Examiner in Anatomy for the Primary FRCS (Eng), he is an internationally renowned teacher. He authored Clinical Anatomy in 1960 and guided the text through the following fourteen editions. Vishy Mahadevan, MBBS, PhD, FRCSEd, FDSRCSEng (Hon), FRCS, is Emeritus Professor of Surgical Anatomy at The Royal College of Surgeons of England, having previously served as Barbers' Company Professor of Anatomy and Head of Anatomy. A longstanding member of the Court of Examiners, he is a current Examiner for the MRCS examination in the UK and overseas, with extensive experience in teaching anatomy to surgical trainees.

• Preface to the Fifteenth Edition xviiPreface to the First Edition xixAcknowledgements to the Fifteenth Edition xxiAcknowledgements to the First Edition xxiiiPart 1: The ThoraxIntroduction 3Surface anatomy and surface markings 3The trachea 4The pleura 4The lungs 6The heart 6The thoracic cage 7The thoracic vertebrae 8The ribs 8The costal cartilages 11The sternum 11The intercostal spaces 12The diaphragm 14The pleurae 19The lower respiratory tract 20The trachea 20The bronchi 24The lungs 24The mediastinum 29The pericardium 31The heart 32The superior mediastinum 45The thymus 46The oesophagus 46The thoracic duct 50The thoracic sympathetic trunk 51On the examination of a chest radiograph 53Radiographic appearance of the heart 54Part 2: The Abdomen and PelvisSurface anatomy and surface markings 59Vertebral levels 59Surface markings of individual viscera 61The anterior abdominal wall 62Fasciae of the anterior abdominal wall 62The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall 64The anatomy of abdominal incisions 66The inguinal canal 68Peritoneal cavity 70Intraperitoneal fossae 74The subphrenic spaces 74The gastrointestinal tract 75The stomach 75The duodenum 81Small intestine 83Large intestine 83The appendix 85The rectum 87Arterial supply of the intestine 92The portal system of veins 93Lymphatic drainage of the intestine 94The structure of the alimentary canal 95The development of the intestine and its congenital abnormalities 95The gastrointestinal adnexae: liver gall bladder and its ducts pancreas and spleen 98The liver 98The biliary system 104The gall bladder 105The pancreas 107The spleen 109The urinary tract 111The kidneys 111The ureter 114The embryology and congenital abnormalities of the kidney and ureter 116The urinary bladder 117The urethra 120The male genital organs 122The prostate 122The scrotum 125Testis and epididymis 126Vas deferens (ductus deferens)  130The seminal vesicles 130The penis 130The bony and ligamentous pelvis 131The os innominatum 131The sacrum 132The coccyx 133The functions of the pelvis 133Joints and ligamentous connections of the pelvis 134Differences between the male and female pelvis 134Obstetrical pelvic measurements 136Variations of the pelvic shape 137Sacral (caudal) anaesthesia 139The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum 139The perineum 140The urogenital triangle of perineum 141The anal triangle of the perineum 143The female genital organs 144The vulva 144The vagina 145The uterus 146The Fallopian tubes 151The ovary 152The endopelvic fascia and the pelvic ligaments 153Vaginal examination 155Embryology of the Fallopian tubes uterus and vagina 155The posterior abdominal wall 157The suprarenal glands 158Abdominal aorta 158Inferior vena cava 161Lumbar sympathetic chain 161Computed axial tomography 163Part 3: The Upper LimbSurface anatomy and surface markings of the upper limb 167Bones and joints 167Muscles and tendons 168Vessels 168Nerves 170The bones and joints of the upper limb 172The scapula 172The clavicle 172The humerus 174The radius and ulna 176The bones of the hand 178The shoulder joint 180The elbow joint 185The wrist joint 187The joints of the hand 188Three important zones of the upper limb: the axilla the cubital fossa and the carpal tunnel 191The axilla 191The cubital fossa 192The carpal tunnel 192The arteries of the upper limb 194The axillary artery 194The brachial artery 194The radial artery 195The ulnar artery 195The brachial plexus 195The segmental cutaneous supply of the upper limb 199The course and distribution of the principal nerves of the upper limb 199The axillary nerve 199The radial nerve 199The musculocutaneous nerve 201The ulnar nerve 201The median nerve 201Compartments of the upper limb 203Compartments in the segments of the upper limb 203Compartment syndrome 204The female breast 204Structure 204Blood supply 205Lymphatic drainage 205Development 207The anatomy of upper limb deformities 208The spaces of the hand 211The superficial pulp space of the fingers 212The ulnar and radial bursae and the synovial tendon sheaths of the fingers 212Part 4: The Lower LimbSurface anatomy and surface markings of the lower limb 217Bones and joints 217Bursae of the lower limb 218Mensuration in the lower limb 218Muscles and tendons 221Vessels 222Nerves 224The bones and joints of the lower limb 226The os innominatum (os coxae hip bone) 226The femur 226The patella 231The tibia 233The fibula 235A note on growing ends and nutrient foramina in the long bones 235The bones of the foot 236The hip joint 236The knee joint 241The tibiofibular joints 244The ankle joint 244The joints of the foot 247The arches of the foot 247The anatomy of walking 249Three important zones of the lower limb: the femoral triangle adductor canal and popliteal fossa 250The femoral triangle 250The adductor canal (of Hunter) or subsartorial canal 254The popliteal fossa 255The arteries of the lower limb 257Femoral artery 257Popliteal artery 258Posterior tibial artery 259Anterior tibial artery 259The veins of the lower limb 260The course and distribution of the principal nerves of the lower limb 262The lumbar plexus 262The sacral plexus 264The sciatic nerve 266The tibial nerve 268The common peroneal (fibular) nerve 268Segmental cutaneous supply of the lower limb 269Compartments of the lower limb 269Compartments in the segments of the lower limb 271Compartment syndrome 272Part 5: The Head and NeckSurface anatomy of the neck 275Introduction 275The fascial compartments of the neck 277Tissue planes and fascial layers in the anterior part of the neck 277The thyroid gland 281The parathyroid glands 285The palate 287The development of the face lips and palate with special reference to their congenital deformities 287The oral cavity tongue and floor of the mouth 290The oral cavity 290The tongue 290The floor of the mouth 294The pharynx 295The nasopharynx 297The oropharynx 298The palatine tonsils 298The laryngopharynx 300The mechanism of deglutition 301The larynx 303Blood supply 305Lymphatic drainage 305Nerve supply 306The salivary glands 309The parotid gland 309The submandibular gland 312The sublingual gland 313The major arteries of the head and neck 314The common carotid arteries 314The external carotid artery 314The internal carotid artery 316The subclavian arteries 318The veins of the head and neck 321The cerebral venous system 321The intracranial dural venous sinuses 321The internal jugular vein 323The subclavian vein 325The lymph nodes of the neck 327The cervical sympathetic trunk 329The branchial system and its derivatives 330Branchial cyst and fistula 331Surface anatomy and surface markings of the head 331The scalp 333The skull 335Floor of the cranial cavity 339Development 340The paranasal sinuses (accessory nasal sinuses) 341The frontal sinuses 342The maxillary sinus (antrum of Highmore)  343The ethmoid sinuses 344The sphenoidal sinuses 345The mandible 345Development 346The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) 346The teeth 347The vertebral column 348Morphology of a typical vertebra 349Spinal motion segment 350The cervical vertebrae (n = 7 ) 351The thoracic vertebrae (n = 12) 354The lumbar vertebrae (n = 5) 354The sacrum (comprising 5 fused vertebrae) 355The coccyx (comprising 3 4 or 5 fused vertebrae) 355Extensor muscles of the vertebral column 355Part 6: The Nervous SystemIntroduction 361The brain 361The brainstem 361The cerebellum 364The diencephalon 366The pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) 368The cerebral hemispheres 369The membranes of the brain and spinal cord (the meninges) 380The ventricular system and the cerebrospinal fluid circulation 381The spinal cord 385Age differences 388The membranes of the cord (the meninges)  389The cranial nerves 392The olfactory nerve (I) 392The optic nerve (II) and the visual pathway 393The oculomotor nerve (III) 395The trochlear nerve (IV) 396The trigeminal nerve (V) 397The abducent nerve (VI) 402The facial nerve (VII) 402The auditory (vestibulocochlear) nerve (VIII) 405The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)  406The vagus nerve (X) 407The accessory nerve (XI)  408The hypoglossal nerve (XII) 409The special senses 410The nose 410The ear 412The eye and associated structures 415The autonomic nervous system 421The sympathetic system 424The sympathetic trunk 425The parasympathetic system 428Glossary of eponyms 431Index 000