PROF. NASIB QURESHI, Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, USA PROF. THADDEUS EZEJI, Fermentation & Biotechnology Group, The Ohio State University, USA DR. ALAIN A. VERTÈS, NxR Biotechnologies, Switzerland PROF. HAIBO HUANG, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science & Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA PROF. IAN MADDOX, College of Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand PROF. ANTON FRIEDL, Director, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Technical University Wien, Austria

• List of Contributors xviiAbout the Editors xxiForeword xxvPreface xxviiPart I History and Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 11 A Historical Overview of Biobutanol Production by the Industrial Fermentation Route 3David T. Jones2 An Overview of Challenges of Butanol Fermentation 29Nasib Qureshi3 Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 39Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, Victor C. Ujor, and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji4 Characterization of Butanol-producing Strains: Physiology and Biochemical Functions of Solvent-producing Bacterial Strains 69Okezie Emmanuel, Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, and Victor C. UjorPart II Agricultural Biomass and Other Economic Feedstocks 915 Cellulosic Inhibitors and Elicitors 93Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, and Anton Friedl6 Butanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass and Commercial Feedstocks 105Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl7 Food Waste as a Feedstock for Butanol Production 117Hongchen Shen and Haibo Huang8 Energy Crops for Butanol Fermentation Process 139Shiva Om Makaju, Jazib Ali Irfan, and Ali M. Missaoui9 Municipal and Domestic Waste as Fermentation Substrates to Produce Biofuels and Bioproducts 161Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie10 Butanol Production from Yellow Top, Orchard Waste, Industrial Waste, and Algae 179Barbora Branska, Maja Klimentiæ, Kamila Koppova, and Petra Patakova11 Technologies for Enhanced Photosynthetic Butanol Production 207Hao Xie, Samantha Fuller, Xufeng Liu, and Peter Lindblad12 Life Cycle Assessment of Biobutanol 223Mairi J. Black, Haodong Lin, and Aiduan BorrionPart III Butanol Production Process Technologies and Energy-efficient Recovery Processes 24713 High Productivity Immobilized-cell and Cell-recycle Fermentation 249Qing Jin, Hongchen Shen, and Haibo Huang14 Adsorption as a Technique to Recover Butanol 275Francesca Raganati, Piero Salatino, and Antonio Marzocchella15 Application of Gas Stripping to Butanol Recovery 297Okezie Emmanuel and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji16 Challenging Butanol Recoveries: Pervaporation and Pervaporation Membranes 313Anton Friedl and Nasib Qureshi17 Butanol Recovery by Extraction, Perstraction, Supercritical CO2 Extraction, and Ionic Liquid Extraction 335Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl18 Butanol Recovery from Fermentation Broth Using Reverse Osmosis 353Veera Boddu and Nasib Qureshi19 Vacuum-assisted Recovery in Fermentation Systems 367Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Okezie Emmanuel, Ademola Duduyemi, and Nasib Qureshi20 Distillation: Is It Still the Commercial Process? 383Eduardo Sánchez-Ramírez, Juan José Quiroz-Ramírez, Brenda Huerta-Rosas, and Juan Gabriel Segovia-HernándezPart IV Process Integration and Insights on Butanol Production 40521 Process Integration on Bioconversion to Butanol 407Thaddeous Chukwuemeka Ezeji and Nasib Qureshi22 Perspective on Industrial Biofuel Manufacturing: A Continuous Industrial Platform for Co-production of Biofuels and Valuable Bioproducts Using Clostridia 427Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie23 Economic Evaluation of Butanol Production and Cost Comparisons 447Somesh Mishra, Nasib Qureshi, and Vijay SinghPart V By-products Separation, Aviation Biofuel, and Other Applications of Butanol 46124 Hydrogen Production and Byproducts Separation 463Anton Friedl and Michael Harasek25 Corn Stover-to-sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Hybrid Approach 481Daniel M. Santosa and Bin Yang26 Applications of Butanol Other than Biofuel 497Ting Luo, Qiaoguang Li, Yun Hu, and Puyou Jia27 Acetone (By-product), Market, and Applications 515Qiaoguang Li, Wei Wei, Zhihong Wang, and Puyou Jia28 Perspectives on Sustainable Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol: Toward a Phoenix-like Industrial Resurgence of the ABE 531Alain A. VertèsReferences 545Index 551

PROF. NASIB QURESHI, Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, USA PROF. THADDEUS EZEJI, Fermentation & Biotechnology Group, The Ohio State University, USA DR. ALAIN A. VERTÈS, NxR Biotechnologies, Switzerland PROF. HAIBO HUANG, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science & Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA PROF. IAN MADDOX, College of Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand PROF. ANTON FRIEDL, Director, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Technical University Wien, Austria

• List of Contributors xviiAbout the Editors xxiForeword xxvPreface xxviiPart I History and Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 11 A Historical Overview of Biobutanol Production by the Industrial Fermentation Route 3David T. Jones2 An Overview of Challenges of Butanol Fermentation 29Nasib Qureshi3 Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 39Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, Victor C. Ujor, and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji4 Characterization of Butanol-producing Strains: Physiology and Biochemical Functions of Solvent-producing Bacterial Strains 69Okezie Emmanuel, Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, and Victor C. UjorPart II Agricultural Biomass and Other Economic Feedstocks 915 Cellulosic Inhibitors and Elicitors 93Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, and Anton Friedl6 Butanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass and Commercial Feedstocks 105Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl7 Food Waste as a Feedstock for Butanol Production 117Hongchen Shen and Haibo Huang8 Energy Crops for Butanol Fermentation Process 139Shiva Om Makaju, Jazib Ali Irfan, and Ali M. Missaoui9 Municipal and Domestic Waste as Fermentation Substrates to Produce Biofuels and Bioproducts 161Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie10 Butanol Production from Yellow Top, Orchard Waste, Industrial Waste, and Algae 179Barbora Branska, Maja Klimentiæ, Kamila Koppova, and Petra Patakova11 Technologies for Enhanced Photosynthetic Butanol Production 207Hao Xie, Samantha Fuller, Xufeng Liu, and Peter Lindblad12 Life Cycle Assessment of Biobutanol 223Mairi J. Black, Haodong Lin, and Aiduan BorrionPart III Butanol Production Process Technologies and Energy-efficient Recovery Processes 24713 High Productivity Immobilized-cell and Cell-recycle Fermentation 249Qing Jin, Hongchen Shen, and Haibo Huang14 Adsorption as a Technique to Recover Butanol 275Francesca Raganati, Piero Salatino, and Antonio Marzocchella15 Application of Gas Stripping to Butanol Recovery 297Okezie Emmanuel and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji16 Challenging Butanol Recoveries: Pervaporation and Pervaporation Membranes 313Anton Friedl and Nasib Qureshi17 Butanol Recovery by Extraction, Perstraction, Supercritical CO2 Extraction, and Ionic Liquid Extraction 335Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl18 Butanol Recovery from Fermentation Broth Using Reverse Osmosis 353Veera Boddu and Nasib Qureshi19 Vacuum-assisted Recovery in Fermentation Systems 367Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Okezie Emmanuel, Ademola Duduyemi, and Nasib Qureshi20 Distillation: Is It Still the Commercial Process? 383Eduardo Sánchez-Ramírez, Juan José Quiroz-Ramírez, Brenda Huerta-Rosas, and Juan Gabriel Segovia-HernándezPart IV Process Integration and Insights on Butanol Production 40521 Process Integration on Bioconversion to Butanol 407Thaddeous Chukwuemeka Ezeji and Nasib Qureshi22 Perspective on Industrial Biofuel Manufacturing: A Continuous Industrial Platform for Co-production of Biofuels and Valuable Bioproducts Using Clostridia 427Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie23 Economic Evaluation of Butanol Production and Cost Comparisons 447Somesh Mishra, Nasib Qureshi, and Vijay SinghPart V By-products Separation, Aviation Biofuel, and Other Applications of Butanol 46124 Hydrogen Production and Byproducts Separation 463Anton Friedl and Michael Harasek25 Corn Stover-to-sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Hybrid Approach 481Daniel M. Santosa and Bin Yang26 Applications of Butanol Other than Biofuel 497Ting Luo, Qiaoguang Li, Yun Hu, and Puyou Jia27 Acetone (By-product), Market, and Applications 515Qiaoguang Li, Wei Wei, Zhihong Wang, and Puyou Jia28 Perspectives on Sustainable Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol: Toward a Phoenix-like Industrial Resurgence of the ABE 531Alain A. VertèsReferences 545Index 551

PROF. NASIB QURESHI, Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, USA PROF. THADDEUS EZEJI, Fermentation & Biotechnology Group, The Ohio State University, USA DR. ALAIN A. VERTÈS, NxR Biotechnologies, Switzerland PROF. HAIBO HUANG, Associate Professor, Department of Food Science & Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA PROF. IAN MADDOX, College of Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand PROF. ANTON FRIEDL, Director, Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Technical University Wien, Austria

• List of Contributors xviiAbout the Editors xxiForeword xxvPreface xxviiPart I History and Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 11 A Historical Overview of Biobutanol Production by the Industrial Fermentation Route 3David T. Jones2 An Overview of Challenges of Butanol Fermentation 29Nasib Qureshi3 Genetics of Butanol-producing Strains 39Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, Victor C. Ujor, and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji4 Characterization of Butanol-producing Strains: Physiology and Biochemical Functions of Solvent-producing Bacterial Strains 69Okezie Emmanuel, Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo, and Victor C. UjorPart II Agricultural Biomass and Other Economic Feedstocks 915 Cellulosic Inhibitors and Elicitors 93Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Nasib Qureshi, and Anton Friedl6 Butanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass and Commercial Feedstocks 105Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl7 Food Waste as a Feedstock for Butanol Production 117Hongchen Shen and Haibo Huang8 Energy Crops for Butanol Fermentation Process 139Shiva Om Makaju, Jazib Ali Irfan, and Ali M. Missaoui9 Municipal and Domestic Waste as Fermentation Substrates to Produce Biofuels and Bioproducts 161Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie10 Butanol Production from Yellow Top, Orchard Waste, Industrial Waste, and Algae 179Barbora Branska, Maja Klimentiæ, Kamila Koppova, and Petra Patakova11 Technologies for Enhanced Photosynthetic Butanol Production 207Hao Xie, Samantha Fuller, Xufeng Liu, and Peter Lindblad12 Life Cycle Assessment of Biobutanol 223Mairi J. Black, Haodong Lin, and Aiduan BorrionPart III Butanol Production Process Technologies and Energy-efficient Recovery Processes 24713 High Productivity Immobilized-cell and Cell-recycle Fermentation 249Qing Jin, Hongchen Shen, and Haibo Huang14 Adsorption as a Technique to Recover Butanol 275Francesca Raganati, Piero Salatino, and Antonio Marzocchella15 Application of Gas Stripping to Butanol Recovery 297Okezie Emmanuel and Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji16 Challenging Butanol Recoveries: Pervaporation and Pervaporation Membranes 313Anton Friedl and Nasib Qureshi17 Butanol Recovery by Extraction, Perstraction, Supercritical CO2 Extraction, and Ionic Liquid Extraction 335Nasib Qureshi and Anton Friedl18 Butanol Recovery from Fermentation Broth Using Reverse Osmosis 353Veera Boddu and Nasib Qureshi19 Vacuum-assisted Recovery in Fermentation Systems 367Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji, Okezie Emmanuel, Ademola Duduyemi, and Nasib Qureshi20 Distillation: Is It Still the Commercial Process? 383Eduardo Sánchez-Ramírez, Juan José Quiroz-Ramírez, Brenda Huerta-Rosas, and Juan Gabriel Segovia-HernándezPart IV Process Integration and Insights on Butanol Production 40521 Process Integration on Bioconversion to Butanol 407Thaddeous Chukwuemeka Ezeji and Nasib Qureshi22 Perspective on Industrial Biofuel Manufacturing: A Continuous Industrial Platform for Co-production of Biofuels and Valuable Bioproducts Using Clostridia 427Stephen R. Hughes and Randall Deemie23 Economic Evaluation of Butanol Production and Cost Comparisons 447Somesh Mishra, Nasib Qureshi, and Vijay SinghPart V By-products Separation, Aviation Biofuel, and Other Applications of Butanol 46124 Hydrogen Production and Byproducts Separation 463Anton Friedl and Michael Harasek25 Corn Stover-to-sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Hybrid Approach 481Daniel M. Santosa and Bin Yang26 Applications of Butanol Other than Biofuel 497Ting Luo, Qiaoguang Li, Yun Hu, and Puyou Jia27 Acetone (By-product), Market, and Applications 515Qiaoguang Li, Wei Wei, Zhihong Wang, and Puyou Jia28 Perspectives on Sustainable Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol: Toward a Phoenix-like Industrial Resurgence of the ABE 531Alain A. VertèsReferences 545Index 551