Adjustment Computations

Spatial Data Analysis

AvCharles D. Ghilani,Dimitrios Bolkas

Inbunden, Engelska, 2026

1 907 kr

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Beskrivning

Provides Comprehensive, Up-to-Date Guidance on Spatial Data Accuracy As modern surveying, mapping, and geospatial technologies continue to evolve, the need for precise data adjustment and error analysis has never been greater. Adjustment Computations: Spatial Data Analysis, Seventh Edition, remains the definitive guide to understanding, applying, and mastering least squares and related techniques that ensure the accuracy of spatial datasets. This updated edition integrates advances in spatial technologies, with new chapters covering laser scanning, point cloud processing, and parametric model estimation. Updated discussions of ASPRS standards, NSRS updates, and current computational tools reflect the latest professional practices and technologies. The text maintains its clear, pedagogical structure with concise chapters, worked examples, and practical software applications. Providing the analytical tools to deliver high-quality spatial data for diverse applications, this book: Includes coverage of laser scanning and its errors, point cloud shape fitting, GNSS networks, coordinate transformations, and parametric modelingIncorporates updated standards from ASPRS and the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS)Provides access to companion software, MathCAD worksheets, and video lessons for hands-on problem solvingBalances rigorous mathematics with accessible explanations and real-world surveying applicationsFeatures real-world case studies of infrastructure documentation, construction, and environmental monitoringIdeal for undergraduate and graduate courses in surveying, geomatics, and geospatial analysis, Adjustment Computations: Spatial Data Analysis, Seventh Edition, supports curricula in civil engineering, geosciences, and GIS programs. It is also a useful reference for professional surveyors and geospatial analysts seeking to enhance data accuracy and reliability.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:2026-06-23
Format:Inbunden
Språk:Engelska
Antal sidor:800
Upplaga:7
Förlag:John Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN:9781394341313

Utforska kategorier

Byggnadsteknik inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Mer om författaren

CHARLES D. GHILANI is a Professor Emeritus of Engineering at Pennsylvania State University and an award-winning authority on surveying and geodesy. DIMITRIOS BOLKAS is an Associate Professor of Surveying Engineering at Pennsylvania State University, specializing in laser scanning and GNSS networks. MICHAEL J. OLSEN is the CH2M Hill Professor of Civil Engineering at Oregon State University and a leader in geomatics and 3D laser scanning applications.

Innehållsförteckning

PREFACE xviiACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxiiiABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE xxv1 Introduction 12 Observations and Their Analysis 133 Random Error Theory 394 Confidence Intervals 575 Statistical Testing 816 Propagation of Random Errors in Indirectly Measured Quantities 997 Error Propagation in Angle and Distance Observations 1158 Error Propagation in Traverse Surveys 1459 Error Propagation in Elevation Determination 16510 Weights of Observations 18111 Principles of Least Squares 19512 Adjustment of Level Nets 22713 Precisions of Indirectly Determined Quantities 24514 Adjustment of Horizontal Surveys: Trilateration 25715 Adjustment of Horizontal Surveys: Triangulation 28316 Adjustment of Horizontal Surveys: Traverses and Horizontal Networks 31317 Adjustment of GNSS Networks 34318 Coordinate Transformations 38319 Error Ellipse 41120 Constraint Equations 43721 Blunder Detection in Horizontal Networks 45722 The General Least-Squares Method and Its Application23 Three-Dimensional Geodetic Network Adjustment 50924 Combining GNSS and Terrestrial Observations 53525 Analyses of Adjustments 56726 Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Uncertainty Estimation 57927 Plane, Three-Dimensional Objects, and Elevation Model Estimation with Point Clouds 61528 Computer Optimization 657Appendix A Introduction to Matrices 673Appendix B Solution of Equations by Matrix Methods 689Appendix C Nonlinear Equations and Taylor's Theorem 703Appendix D The Normal Error Distribution Curve and Other Statistical Tables 713Appendix E Confidence Intervals for the Mean 733Appendix F Companion Website 739Appendix G Answers to Selected Problems 745BIBLIOGRAPHY 751INDEX 757