Shubham Mahajan, PhD is an Assistant Professor at Amity University, Haryana. He holds 22 Indian patents, along with one Australian and one German patent and has published more than 104 research papers in national and international journals and conferences, and 20 books. His research areas include image processing, video compression, image segmentation, fuzzy entropy, nature-inspired algorithms, optimization, data mining, machine learning, robotics, and optical communication.Davinder Paul Singh, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat. He has published various articles in SCI journals and international conferences of repute. His primary areas of interest include artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, computational biology, and drug discovery.Amit Kant Pandit, PhD is a Professor in the Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering at Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India with more than 26 years of experience. He has authored and co-authored more than 80 publications, including research papers in peer-reviewed journals and conferences, and two Indian and one Australian patent. He specializes in artificial intelligence and image processing.Paras Chawla, PhD is a distinguished academic leader, researcher, and innovator with more than 24 years of experience spanning academia, research, industry, and administration. He serves as a Professor and Director in the Amity School of Engineering and Technology at the Amity Institute of Information Technology. He has published more than 120 research papers and holds 24 patents, 15 of which have been granted. His expertise is in AI, machine learning, data science, 5G communications, computer vision, and smart technologies.

• Preface xixAcknowledgement xxi1 Balancing Innovation and Privacy: Navigating the Landscape of Digital Twin Ecosystems 1Manish Kumar Panday, Manish Baboo Agarwal, Manu Mehrotra and Seema Agarwal1.1 Overview of Digital Twin Ecosystems (DTEs) 21.2 Developing Digital Twins Further 31.3 Privacy Concerns Related to Digital Twins Ecosystem 71.4 Benefits of Decentralization 91.5 Encryption Techniques and Data Security 91.6 Compliance with Governance and Other Policies 101.7 Approaches to Shifting to Proactively Protective Measures for Digital Privacy 121.8 Conclusion 152 Digital Twins and Privacy: Navigating the Nexus of Innovation and Data Protection 23Ashima Kalra, Bhawna Tandon and Panchal Sandeep Govindrao2.1 Introduction 242.2 Digital Twins: Foundations and Use Cases 272.3 Privacy Threats in Digital Twin Environments 322.4 Legal and Regulatory Landscape 342.5 Privacy-Preserving Techniques for Digital Twins 372.6 Ethical and Societal Considerations 412.7 Case Studies and Real-World Challenges 442.8 Future Directions and Open Research Problems in Privacy-Preserving Digital Twin Systems 482.9 Conclusion 513 Privacy in Smart City Digital Twin 57Lingaraj K., S. Supreeth, Rashmi Laxmikant M., Karthik Rao M. C., Lalit Garg and D. Viswanath Reddy3.1 Introduction 583.2 Understanding Smart City Digital Twins 613.3 Privacy Challenges in Smart City Digital Twins 683.4 Privacy by Design in SCDT Architectures 723.5 Legal and Ethical Frameworks 803.6 Case Studies 893.7 Future Directions 934 Future Trends and Emerging Challenges in Digital Twins 101Kavita Arora, Neha Gupta and Wanqing Tu5 The Future of Privacy in Digital Twin Ecosystems 137Anandkumar Pardeshi and Sujata Deshmukh5.1 Introduction 1385.2 Privacy Threats in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1415.3 Adaptive Privacy-Preserving Mechanisms in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1455.4 Decentralized Identity and User-Controlled Privacy in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1495.5 Next-Generation Technologies and Privacy Implications in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1535.6 Regulatory and Ethical Considerations in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1565.7 Case Studies and Industry Applications of Privacy-Preserving Digital Twins 1615.8 Future Research Directions in Digital Twin Privacy 1655.9 Conclusion 1676 The Future of Privacy in Digital Twin Ecosystems: Risks, Technologies, and Regulations 175Sandhya Soman, Suresh K., Gnanasankaran Natarajan and Sundaravadivazhagan Balasubramaniam6.1 Introduction 1766.2 Digital Twin Ecosystem: An Overview 1776.3 Privacy Challenges in the Digital Twin Ecosystems 1856.4 The Future of Privacy in Digital Twin Ecosystems 1956.5 Future Trends and Predictions 2026.6 Conclusion and Research Directions 2077 Privacy in the Age of Digital Twins 215Shobha Chawla, Neha Gupta, Vijayalaxmi Rajendran and Akhilesh Tiwari7.1 Introduction 2167.2 Security Threats to Digital Twins 2207.3 Design of Data Privacy Law 2297.4 Strategies for Securing Digital Twins 2337.5 Privacy by Design 2378 AI and ML for Privacy-Preserving Digital Twins: Challenges and Opportunities 245Raj Kishor Verma, Gaurav Agarwal and Nitin Pandey8.1 Introduction 2468.2 Literature Review 2578.3 Proposed Worked 2608.4 Conclusion 2688.5 Future and Scope 2688.6 Opportunities and Challenges 2699 Federated Explainable Hybrid Learning Framework (FEHLF) for Real-Time, Resource-Constrained Big Data Applications 273Tamanna Sharma, Neha Arya, Chirag Sharma and Sonam Nagpal10 Revolutionizing Healthcare: Digital Twins and the Role of Cyber Physical Systems in Modern Medicine 311Krishna Pandey, Suman Kumari, Rhythma Badola and Rahul Joshi10.1 Introduction 31210.2 Cyber-Physical System 31310.3 Evolution of Cloud Security Enabled DT 31410.4 Effective Competence in Hospital Using DT 31610.5 DT in Device Development 31710.6 Medical Devices, Medical Testing and Treatments, and Medical Wearables 31910.7 Regulatory Services 32010.8 DT Frameworks in Healthcare 32010.9 Cyber Flexibility in Healthcare and DT 32110.10 CPS and DT 32310.11 Advantages and Limitations of DT 32510.12 Conclusion and Future Scope 32711 Safeguarding Privacy and Security in AI-Powered Healthcare Systems 333Arpita Maheriya and Sailesh Suryanarayan Iyer11.1 Introduction 33411.2 Background Study 33711.3 Challenges in Building Secure AI-Based Healthcare Data System 33911.4 Frameworks, Acts, and Policies for Data Privacy Protection 34111.5 Attacks on AI Healthcare Model 34511.6 Privacy-Preserving Techniques 34611.7 Quantum Healthcare Data 35811.8 Future Research Directions 35911.9 Conclusion 36212 Neuro-Symbolic AI for Cardiovascular Pharmacovigilance: A Holistic Approach to Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity 367Jossy P. George, Kamal Upreti and Bosco Paul Alapatt12.1 Introduction 36812.2 Overview of Cardiovascular Drug Safety Concerns 36812.3 The Clinical Burden of Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity 36912.4 Challenges with Traditional PV Systems 37112.5 Motivation for AI Integration—Need for Explainability and Clinical Trust 37212.6 Background and Theoretical Foundations 37512.7 Future Directions 39012.8 Conclusion 39013 Cloud Computing in Education: Challenges, Limitations and Future Prospect 397Arun Kumar Rana, Mandeep Kaur, Sumit Kumar Rana, Deepak Kumar and Maksud Alam13.1 Introduction 39813.2 What is Cloud Computing? 399\13.3 The Role of Cloud Computing in Education 39913.4 Benefits of Cloud Computing in Education 40213.5 Challenges and Limitations 40613.6 Future Prospects of Cloud Computing in Education 40813.7 Conclusion 40814 Cloud Computing Security: Challenges and Solutions with Emerging Trends and Future Directions 413Arun Kumar Rana, Nada Ratkovic, Kamalakanta Muduli, Sumit Kumar Rana, Deepak Kumar and Mohit Mittal14.1 Introduction 41414.2 Cloud Computing Models and Architectures 41414.3 Security Challenges in Cloud Computing 41514.4 Security Solutions and Best Practices 41914.5 Emerging Trends and Future Directions 42314.6 Conclusion 42515 Author Royalty Distribution System Using Blockchain Technology 429Konki Mohit and R. Kanniga Devi15.1 Introduction 43015.2 Literature Review 43315.3 Proposed System 44815.4 Methodology 45315.5 Models 45915.6 Results and Discussion 46215.7 Conclusion and Future Work 46716 LCR Circuit Analysis of Incident Angle Metamaterial Absorber for Double-Band Wi-Fi Applications in IoT-Based Sensors: A Mathematical Insight 471Ram Krishna, Harendra Singh, Arun Kumar Rana, Anurag Singh and Avinash Kumar16.1 Introduction 47216.2 Generalized Model of Transmission Line for the Nonseparated Absorber 47516.3 Suggested Double-Band Absorber Circuit Model 47716.4 Estimated Value of Resistance of Each LCR by Equivalent Circuit Analysis 48116.5 Computation of the Absorber's Size 48616.6 Discussion 48716.7 Conclusion 49117 Digital Twin Technology in Education: Applications, Benefits, Challenges, Ethical Issues and Security Concerns 499Ankur Nandi, Milan Barman, Sourav Sen, Tapash Das and Tarini Halder17.1 Introduction 50017.2 Objectives 50117.3 Methodology 50117.4 Discussion 50217.5 Conclusion 513Bibliography 51418 Navigating the Future: Cloud Computing's Progress and Challenges in Healthcare 521Arun Kumar Rana, Sumit Kumar Rana, Deepak Kumar, Ram Krishna, Anurag Singh and Harendra Singh18.1 What is Cloud Computing? 52218.2 Advantages of Cloud Computing in Healthcare 52318.3 Challenges of Cloud Computing in Healthcare 52518.4 Cloud Computing Models in Healthcare 52618.5 Use Cases of Cloud Computing in Healthcare 52718.6 Future Trends and Opportunities 529Conclusion 531References 532Index 535