Harish Garg, PhD is an Associate Professor at the Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India. He has internationally published more than ten books and 530 papers in refereed international journals. His research focuses on computational intelligence, multi-criteria decision making, evolutionary algorithms, reliability analysis, expert systems and decision support systems, computing with words, and soft computing.

• Preface xixPart I: Foundations and Methodologies in Fuzzy Decision-Making 11 A Methodology for A Posteriori Decision Making in Fuzzy Linear Programming 3Boris Pérez-Cañedo, Eduardo René Concepción-Morales and José Luis Verdegay1.1 Introduction 41.2 List of Abbreviations 61.3 Preliminaries 61.4 Methodology for A Posteriori Decision-Making 81.5 Illustrative Example 141.6 Conclusions and Future Work 212 Interval-Valued Proportional Spherical Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS Methodology: A Case Study for Smart City Park Planning 27Selcuk Cebi, Irem Ucal Sari, Baºar Öztayºi, Sezi Çevik Onar and Cengiz Kahraman2.1 Introduction 282.2 Smart Computing, Methods, Technologies Literature Review 312.3 Smart Cities Literature Review 362.4 Preliminaries: Interval Valued Spherical Fuzzy Sets 402.5 IVPSF AHP and TOPSIS Methodology 432.6 A Comparative Analysis of Free Park Space Identification Methods 562.7 Conclusion 623 A Novel Measure and Modified Root Assessment Method for Type-2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets in Multi-Standard Evaluation Making for Solid Waste Management 69Barathi Gnanavelu and Jagadeeswari Murugan3.1 Introduction 703.2 Preliminary Considerations 733.3 Objective of Generalized Modified Score Function 763.4 A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem Using Modified RAM Procedure 793.5 Conclusion 873.6 Findings and Future Work 883.7 Acknowledgment 884 Fuzzy Logic Systems for Decision-Making Applications 93Jitender Kaushal4.1 Introduction 944.2 Principles of Fuzzy Logic 994.3 Fuzzy Sets 1034.4 Decision-Making Using Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems 1054.5 FDES Model for Clinical Status and Quality of Life – An Example 1074.6 Fuzzy Decision-Making for Medical Treatment Selection Using Fuzzy TOPSIS 1114.7 Conclusions 118Part II: Supply Chain, Logistics, and Industry Applications 1215 Risk Prioritization and Mitigation in Cold Supply Chain Distribution: A Best–Worst Method Approach 123Irem Helvacioglu and Muhammet Gul5.1 Introduction 1245.2 Basic Preliminaries and Definitions 1255.3 Literature Review 1275.4 Methodology 1295.5 Results 1335.6 Discussion 1425.7 Conclusion 1456 Fuzzy Machine Learning Integrated MCDM in Sustainable Supplier Selection of Healthcare Industries 151Nivetha Martin and Akbar Rezaei6.1 Introduction 1526.2 Review of Earlier Works 1536.3 Preliminaries 1576.4 Methodology 1586.5 Hybrid Decision-Making Approach in Supplier Selection 1616.6 Results and Discussions 1686.7 Industrial Implications 1727 Green Supplier Selection Using a Preference Method: Complete Pre-Order and Geometrical Representation Analyses 181Lazim Abdullah, Hazwani Hashim, Noor Azzah Awang, Norsyahidah Zulkifli and Nor Liyana Amalini Mohd Kamal7.1 Introduction 1827.2 Preference Functions 1857.3 Criteria of Green Suppliers 1877.4 Methodology 1917.5 Implementation 2007.6 Geometrical Representations 2097.7 Conclusion 2138 Adopting Green Logistics in India: A Comparison of Manufacturing Sectors Using p,q-Quasirung Orthopair Fuzzy Group Decision Analysis 219Sanjib Biswas, Sriparna Guha and Aparajita Sanyal8.1 Introduction 220x Contents8.2 Theoretical Background 2238.3 Literature Investigation 2278.4 Research Methodology 2308.5 Findings 2398.6 Discussion 2488.7 Conclusion 2509 Distance-Based Consensus in a Fuzzy Soft Group Decision-Making and Its Application on Sustainable Supplier Selection 259Soumi Manna, Tanushree Mitra Basu and Shyamal Kumar Mondal9.1 Introduction 2609.2 Some Basic Relevant Notions 2639.3 Fuzzy Soft Set-Based Group Decision-Making 2679.4 A Case Study on Sustainable Supplier Selection in a Textile Industry 2909.5 Comparative Discussion 2979.6 Conclusion 3009.7 Acknowledgement 302Part III: Sustainable Development and Environmental Decision-Making 30510 A HyF-VIKOR Method for Sustainable Transportation via a Novel Distance Measure 307Palash Dutta and Alakananda Konwar10.1 Introduction 30810.2 Literature Review 31110.3 Preliminaries 31510.4 A Novel HyF Distance Measure 31710.5 Hyperbolic Fuzzy VIKOR Method 33510.6 Application in Sustainable Transportation 33810.7 Conclusion and Future Studies 34611 Developing an Uncertainty-Based Sustainable Innovation Adoption Modeling Framework 351Ankur Kumar, Deepti Aggrawal, Ompal Singh and Adarsh Anand11.1 Introduction 35211.2 Literature Review 35411.3 Proposed Methodology 35711.4 Data Analysis 36211.5 Discussion 36811.6 Managerial Implications 36911.7 Conclusion 37011.8 Limitations 37111.9 Future Scope 37212 Clustering India's Polluted Cities Using Novel Logarithmic Measures for Hesitant Fuzzy Sets 377Rahul Thakur, S.C. Malik and Masum Raj12.1 Introduction 37812.2 Preliminaries 38212.3 Proposed Distance and Similarity Measures for HFSs 39012.4 Comparative Analysis 39412.5 Clustering Analysis 39612.6 Application in Air Pollution Analysis 39712.7 Merits of the Proposed Work 40712.8 Conclusion 40712.9 Declarations 408Part IV: Smart Cities, Infrastructure, and Urban Systems 41313 Linear Diophantine MEREC-COPRAS Technique in Smart Parking Systems 415K. Jeevitha, J. Vimala and Muhammed Riaz13.1 Introduction 41613.2 Preliminaries 41913.3 Proposed Hybrid LDF-MEREC-COPRAS Approach 42113.4 Conclusion 43013.5 Acknowledgments 43014 Synergizing Hexagonal Fuzzy Numbers and Fuzzy Graph-Based Weighting Mechanisms in Advanced WASPAS for Parking Lot Selection 435Kishor C and Jagadeeswari Murugan14.1 Introduction 43614.2 Preliminaries 43814.3 Concepts of LR Hexagonal Fuzzy Number 44114.4 Ranking Measures for LR-GHexFNs Using Score Functions 44614.5 Fuzzy WASPAS Method with LR-HexFN 45314.6 Real-Life Application 45714.7 Results and Discussion 46414.8 Conclusion and Future Work 46615 Dissemination Index in Fuzzy Graph Networks 469Parvathy Gnana Sambandam, Sundareswaran Raman, Shanmugapriya Marayanagaraj and Said Broumi15.1 Introduction 46915.2 Dissemination Index 47415.3 Dissemination Gap in Fuzzy Graph 48415.4 Application of Dissemination Index in Smart Hospital Emergency Alert System 48715.5 Conclusion 489Part V: Healthcare and Medical Applications 49316 A Novel Approach for Evaluating Complicated Pregnancies via Picture Fuzzy Distance Analysis 495Chukwudi Obinna Nwokoro, Paul Augustine Ejegwa, Felix C.C. Wekere, Nneka Gabriel Job, Kelechi Cynthia Nwokoro and Faith-Michael Uzoka16.1 Introduction 49616.2 Preliminaries 50016.3 Maternal Outcomes Analysis Based on Picture Fuzzy Distance Measures 50716.4 Result and Discussion 51016.5 Conclusion 52217 Investigating the Digital Healthcare System Based on Knowledge-Based Systems 531Sanjeev Kumar, Geeta Tiwari, Anil Kumar, Prateek Kumar Singhal and Neeraj Tiwari17.1 Introduction 53217.2 Foundation of Knowledge-Based Systems 53417.3 Applications of Knowledge-Based Systems in Digital Healthcare 53717.4 Technologies Enabling Knowledge-Based Healthcare Systems 53917.5 Challenges in Implementing Knowledge-Based Digital Healthcare Systems 54317.6 Case Studies and Real-World Applications 54517.7 Future Directions and Innovations 54617.8 Conclusion 547Part VI: Education and Public Services 55118 DSS for Educational Resource Management Based on a Multicriteria Approach: A Case Study for Madagascar National Education 553Rôlin Gabriel Rasoanaivo and Pascale Zaraté18.1 Introduction 55418.2 Methodologies 55718.3 MADREN: From Modeling to Implementation 56118.4 MADREN Experiment 56618.5 Discussion and Conclusion 598Part VII: Advanced Fuzzy and Soft Computing Techniques 60719 Interval Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Emergency Decision-Making Method with Weighted Distance-Based Approximation and Similarity Measures 609Murat Kiriºci19.1 Introduction 61019.2 Literature 61519.3 Preliminaries 61819.4 Proposed Methodology 623Contents xvii19.5 Scenario-Based Application 62719.6 Discussion 62919.7 Conclusion 63220 An Innovative MADM Framework Utilizing Some Dombi Shapley Choquet Integral Operators with Picture Fuzzy Information 637Pankaj Kakati20.1 Background Study 63820.2 Essential Concepts 64120.3 The Innovative PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64420.4 A Novel MADM Approach Based on PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64920.5 Detailed Depiction 65120.6 Conclusions 65721 Fuzzy Approach to Replacement Problems Using Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 665Krishnaveni G., Sudha G., Melita Vinoliah E. and Balaganesan M.21.1 Introduction 66621.2 Operational Framework and Techniques 66921.3 Replacement Model with Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 67221.4 Numerical Simulation 67721.5 Conclusion 681References 682Index 685

Harish Garg, PhD is an Associate Professor at the Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India. He has internationally published more than ten books and 530 papers in refereed international journals. His research focuses on computational intelligence, multi-criteria decision making, evolutionary algorithms, reliability analysis, expert systems and decision support systems, computing with words, and soft computing.

• Preface xixPart I: Foundations and Methodologies in Fuzzy Decision-Making 11 A Methodology for A Posteriori Decision Making in Fuzzy Linear Programming 3Boris Pérez-Cañedo, Eduardo René Concepción-Morales and José Luis Verdegay1.1 Introduction 41.2 List of Abbreviations 61.3 Preliminaries 61.4 Methodology for A Posteriori Decision-Making 81.5 Illustrative Example 141.6 Conclusions and Future Work 212 Interval-Valued Proportional Spherical Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS Methodology: A Case Study for Smart City Park Planning 27Selcuk Cebi, Irem Ucal Sari, Baºar Öztayºi, Sezi Çevik Onar and Cengiz Kahraman2.1 Introduction 282.2 Smart Computing, Methods, Technologies Literature Review 312.3 Smart Cities Literature Review 362.4 Preliminaries: Interval Valued Spherical Fuzzy Sets 402.5 IVPSF AHP and TOPSIS Methodology 432.6 A Comparative Analysis of Free Park Space Identification Methods 562.7 Conclusion 623 A Novel Measure and Modified Root Assessment Method for Type-2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets in Multi-Standard Evaluation Making for Solid Waste Management 69Barathi Gnanavelu and Jagadeeswari Murugan3.1 Introduction 703.2 Preliminary Considerations 733.3 Objective of Generalized Modified Score Function 763.4 A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem Using Modified RAM Procedure 793.5 Conclusion 873.6 Findings and Future Work 883.7 Acknowledgment 884 Fuzzy Logic Systems for Decision-Making Applications 93Jitender Kaushal4.1 Introduction 944.2 Principles of Fuzzy Logic 994.3 Fuzzy Sets 1034.4 Decision-Making Using Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems 1054.5 FDES Model for Clinical Status and Quality of Life – An Example 1074.6 Fuzzy Decision-Making for Medical Treatment Selection Using Fuzzy TOPSIS 1114.7 Conclusions 118Part II: Supply Chain, Logistics, and Industry Applications 1215 Risk Prioritization and Mitigation in Cold Supply Chain Distribution: A Best–Worst Method Approach 123Irem Helvacioglu and Muhammet Gul5.1 Introduction 1245.2 Basic Preliminaries and Definitions 1255.3 Literature Review 1275.4 Methodology 1295.5 Results 1335.6 Discussion 1425.7 Conclusion 1456 Fuzzy Machine Learning Integrated MCDM in Sustainable Supplier Selection of Healthcare Industries 151Nivetha Martin and Akbar Rezaei6.1 Introduction 1526.2 Review of Earlier Works 1536.3 Preliminaries 1576.4 Methodology 1586.5 Hybrid Decision-Making Approach in Supplier Selection 1616.6 Results and Discussions 1686.7 Industrial Implications 1727 Green Supplier Selection Using a Preference Method: Complete Pre-Order and Geometrical Representation Analyses 181Lazim Abdullah, Hazwani Hashim, Noor Azzah Awang, Norsyahidah Zulkifli and Nor Liyana Amalini Mohd Kamal7.1 Introduction 1827.2 Preference Functions 1857.3 Criteria of Green Suppliers 1877.4 Methodology 1917.5 Implementation 2007.6 Geometrical Representations 2097.7 Conclusion 2138 Adopting Green Logistics in India: A Comparison of Manufacturing Sectors Using p,q-Quasirung Orthopair Fuzzy Group Decision Analysis 219Sanjib Biswas, Sriparna Guha and Aparajita Sanyal8.1 Introduction 220x Contents8.2 Theoretical Background 2238.3 Literature Investigation 2278.4 Research Methodology 2308.5 Findings 2398.6 Discussion 2488.7 Conclusion 2509 Distance-Based Consensus in a Fuzzy Soft Group Decision-Making and Its Application on Sustainable Supplier Selection 259Soumi Manna, Tanushree Mitra Basu and Shyamal Kumar Mondal9.1 Introduction 2609.2 Some Basic Relevant Notions 2639.3 Fuzzy Soft Set-Based Group Decision-Making 2679.4 A Case Study on Sustainable Supplier Selection in a Textile Industry 2909.5 Comparative Discussion 2979.6 Conclusion 3009.7 Acknowledgement 302Part III: Sustainable Development and Environmental Decision-Making 30510 A HyF-VIKOR Method for Sustainable Transportation via a Novel Distance Measure 307Palash Dutta and Alakananda Konwar10.1 Introduction 30810.2 Literature Review 31110.3 Preliminaries 31510.4 A Novel HyF Distance Measure 31710.5 Hyperbolic Fuzzy VIKOR Method 33510.6 Application in Sustainable Transportation 33810.7 Conclusion and Future Studies 34611 Developing an Uncertainty-Based Sustainable Innovation Adoption Modeling Framework 351Ankur Kumar, Deepti Aggrawal, Ompal Singh and Adarsh Anand11.1 Introduction 35211.2 Literature Review 35411.3 Proposed Methodology 35711.4 Data Analysis 36211.5 Discussion 36811.6 Managerial Implications 36911.7 Conclusion 37011.8 Limitations 37111.9 Future Scope 37212 Clustering India's Polluted Cities Using Novel Logarithmic Measures for Hesitant Fuzzy Sets 377Rahul Thakur, S.C. Malik and Masum Raj12.1 Introduction 37812.2 Preliminaries 38212.3 Proposed Distance and Similarity Measures for HFSs 39012.4 Comparative Analysis 39412.5 Clustering Analysis 39612.6 Application in Air Pollution Analysis 39712.7 Merits of the Proposed Work 40712.8 Conclusion 40712.9 Declarations 408Part IV: Smart Cities, Infrastructure, and Urban Systems 41313 Linear Diophantine MEREC-COPRAS Technique in Smart Parking Systems 415K. Jeevitha, J. Vimala and Muhammed Riaz13.1 Introduction 41613.2 Preliminaries 41913.3 Proposed Hybrid LDF-MEREC-COPRAS Approach 42113.4 Conclusion 43013.5 Acknowledgments 43014 Synergizing Hexagonal Fuzzy Numbers and Fuzzy Graph-Based Weighting Mechanisms in Advanced WASPAS for Parking Lot Selection 435Kishor C and Jagadeeswari Murugan14.1 Introduction 43614.2 Preliminaries 43814.3 Concepts of LR Hexagonal Fuzzy Number 44114.4 Ranking Measures for LR-GHexFNs Using Score Functions 44614.5 Fuzzy WASPAS Method with LR-HexFN 45314.6 Real-Life Application 45714.7 Results and Discussion 46414.8 Conclusion and Future Work 46615 Dissemination Index in Fuzzy Graph Networks 469Parvathy Gnana Sambandam, Sundareswaran Raman, Shanmugapriya Marayanagaraj and Said Broumi15.1 Introduction 46915.2 Dissemination Index 47415.3 Dissemination Gap in Fuzzy Graph 48415.4 Application of Dissemination Index in Smart Hospital Emergency Alert System 48715.5 Conclusion 489Part V: Healthcare and Medical Applications 49316 A Novel Approach for Evaluating Complicated Pregnancies via Picture Fuzzy Distance Analysis 495Chukwudi Obinna Nwokoro, Paul Augustine Ejegwa, Felix C.C. Wekere, Nneka Gabriel Job, Kelechi Cynthia Nwokoro and Faith-Michael Uzoka16.1 Introduction 49616.2 Preliminaries 50016.3 Maternal Outcomes Analysis Based on Picture Fuzzy Distance Measures 50716.4 Result and Discussion 51016.5 Conclusion 52217 Investigating the Digital Healthcare System Based on Knowledge-Based Systems 531Sanjeev Kumar, Geeta Tiwari, Anil Kumar, Prateek Kumar Singhal and Neeraj Tiwari17.1 Introduction 53217.2 Foundation of Knowledge-Based Systems 53417.3 Applications of Knowledge-Based Systems in Digital Healthcare 53717.4 Technologies Enabling Knowledge-Based Healthcare Systems 53917.5 Challenges in Implementing Knowledge-Based Digital Healthcare Systems 54317.6 Case Studies and Real-World Applications 54517.7 Future Directions and Innovations 54617.8 Conclusion 547Part VI: Education and Public Services 55118 DSS for Educational Resource Management Based on a Multicriteria Approach: A Case Study for Madagascar National Education 553Rôlin Gabriel Rasoanaivo and Pascale Zaraté18.1 Introduction 55418.2 Methodologies 55718.3 MADREN: From Modeling to Implementation 56118.4 MADREN Experiment 56618.5 Discussion and Conclusion 598Part VII: Advanced Fuzzy and Soft Computing Techniques 60719 Interval Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Emergency Decision-Making Method with Weighted Distance-Based Approximation and Similarity Measures 609Murat Kiriºci19.1 Introduction 61019.2 Literature 61519.3 Preliminaries 61819.4 Proposed Methodology 623Contents xvii19.5 Scenario-Based Application 62719.6 Discussion 62919.7 Conclusion 63220 An Innovative MADM Framework Utilizing Some Dombi Shapley Choquet Integral Operators with Picture Fuzzy Information 637Pankaj Kakati20.1 Background Study 63820.2 Essential Concepts 64120.3 The Innovative PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64420.4 A Novel MADM Approach Based on PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64920.5 Detailed Depiction 65120.6 Conclusions 65721 Fuzzy Approach to Replacement Problems Using Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 665Krishnaveni G., Sudha G., Melita Vinoliah E. and Balaganesan M.21.1 Introduction 66621.2 Operational Framework and Techniques 66921.3 Replacement Model with Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 67221.4 Numerical Simulation 67721.5 Conclusion 681References 682Index 685

Harish Garg, PhD is an Associate Professor at the Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India. He has internationally published more than ten books and 530 papers in refereed international journals. His research focuses on computational intelligence, multi-criteria decision making, evolutionary algorithms, reliability analysis, expert systems and decision support systems, computing with words, and soft computing.

• Preface xixPart I: Foundations and Methodologies in Fuzzy Decision-Making 11 A Methodology for A Posteriori Decision Making in Fuzzy Linear Programming 3Boris Pérez-Cañedo, Eduardo René Concepción-Morales and José Luis Verdegay1.1 Introduction 41.2 List of Abbreviations 61.3 Preliminaries 61.4 Methodology for A Posteriori Decision-Making 81.5 Illustrative Example 141.6 Conclusions and Future Work 212 Interval-Valued Proportional Spherical Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS Methodology: A Case Study for Smart City Park Planning 27Selcuk Cebi, Irem Ucal Sari, Baºar Öztayºi, Sezi Çevik Onar and Cengiz Kahraman2.1 Introduction 282.2 Smart Computing, Methods, Technologies Literature Review 312.3 Smart Cities Literature Review 362.4 Preliminaries: Interval Valued Spherical Fuzzy Sets 402.5 IVPSF AHP and TOPSIS Methodology 432.6 A Comparative Analysis of Free Park Space Identification Methods 562.7 Conclusion 623 A Novel Measure and Modified Root Assessment Method for Type-2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets in Multi-Standard Evaluation Making for Solid Waste Management 69Barathi Gnanavelu and Jagadeeswari Murugan3.1 Introduction 703.2 Preliminary Considerations 733.3 Objective of Generalized Modified Score Function 763.4 A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem Using Modified RAM Procedure 793.5 Conclusion 873.6 Findings and Future Work 883.7 Acknowledgment 884 Fuzzy Logic Systems for Decision-Making Applications 93Jitender Kaushal4.1 Introduction 944.2 Principles of Fuzzy Logic 994.3 Fuzzy Sets 1034.4 Decision-Making Using Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems 1054.5 FDES Model for Clinical Status and Quality of Life – An Example 1074.6 Fuzzy Decision-Making for Medical Treatment Selection Using Fuzzy TOPSIS 1114.7 Conclusions 118Part II: Supply Chain, Logistics, and Industry Applications 1215 Risk Prioritization and Mitigation in Cold Supply Chain Distribution: A Best–Worst Method Approach 123Irem Helvacioglu and Muhammet Gul5.1 Introduction 1245.2 Basic Preliminaries and Definitions 1255.3 Literature Review 1275.4 Methodology 1295.5 Results 1335.6 Discussion 1425.7 Conclusion 1456 Fuzzy Machine Learning Integrated MCDM in Sustainable Supplier Selection of Healthcare Industries 151Nivetha Martin and Akbar Rezaei6.1 Introduction 1526.2 Review of Earlier Works 1536.3 Preliminaries 1576.4 Methodology 1586.5 Hybrid Decision-Making Approach in Supplier Selection 1616.6 Results and Discussions 1686.7 Industrial Implications 1727 Green Supplier Selection Using a Preference Method: Complete Pre-Order and Geometrical Representation Analyses 181Lazim Abdullah, Hazwani Hashim, Noor Azzah Awang, Norsyahidah Zulkifli and Nor Liyana Amalini Mohd Kamal7.1 Introduction 1827.2 Preference Functions 1857.3 Criteria of Green Suppliers 1877.4 Methodology 1917.5 Implementation 2007.6 Geometrical Representations 2097.7 Conclusion 2138 Adopting Green Logistics in India: A Comparison of Manufacturing Sectors Using p,q-Quasirung Orthopair Fuzzy Group Decision Analysis 219Sanjib Biswas, Sriparna Guha and Aparajita Sanyal8.1 Introduction 220x Contents8.2 Theoretical Background 2238.3 Literature Investigation 2278.4 Research Methodology 2308.5 Findings 2398.6 Discussion 2488.7 Conclusion 2509 Distance-Based Consensus in a Fuzzy Soft Group Decision-Making and Its Application on Sustainable Supplier Selection 259Soumi Manna, Tanushree Mitra Basu and Shyamal Kumar Mondal9.1 Introduction 2609.2 Some Basic Relevant Notions 2639.3 Fuzzy Soft Set-Based Group Decision-Making 2679.4 A Case Study on Sustainable Supplier Selection in a Textile Industry 2909.5 Comparative Discussion 2979.6 Conclusion 3009.7 Acknowledgement 302Part III: Sustainable Development and Environmental Decision-Making 30510 A HyF-VIKOR Method for Sustainable Transportation via a Novel Distance Measure 307Palash Dutta and Alakananda Konwar10.1 Introduction 30810.2 Literature Review 31110.3 Preliminaries 31510.4 A Novel HyF Distance Measure 31710.5 Hyperbolic Fuzzy VIKOR Method 33510.6 Application in Sustainable Transportation 33810.7 Conclusion and Future Studies 34611 Developing an Uncertainty-Based Sustainable Innovation Adoption Modeling Framework 351Ankur Kumar, Deepti Aggrawal, Ompal Singh and Adarsh Anand11.1 Introduction 35211.2 Literature Review 35411.3 Proposed Methodology 35711.4 Data Analysis 36211.5 Discussion 36811.6 Managerial Implications 36911.7 Conclusion 37011.8 Limitations 37111.9 Future Scope 37212 Clustering India's Polluted Cities Using Novel Logarithmic Measures for Hesitant Fuzzy Sets 377Rahul Thakur, S.C. Malik and Masum Raj12.1 Introduction 37812.2 Preliminaries 38212.3 Proposed Distance and Similarity Measures for HFSs 39012.4 Comparative Analysis 39412.5 Clustering Analysis 39612.6 Application in Air Pollution Analysis 39712.7 Merits of the Proposed Work 40712.8 Conclusion 40712.9 Declarations 408Part IV: Smart Cities, Infrastructure, and Urban Systems 41313 Linear Diophantine MEREC-COPRAS Technique in Smart Parking Systems 415K. Jeevitha, J. Vimala and Muhammed Riaz13.1 Introduction 41613.2 Preliminaries 41913.3 Proposed Hybrid LDF-MEREC-COPRAS Approach 42113.4 Conclusion 43013.5 Acknowledgments 43014 Synergizing Hexagonal Fuzzy Numbers and Fuzzy Graph-Based Weighting Mechanisms in Advanced WASPAS for Parking Lot Selection 435Kishor C and Jagadeeswari Murugan14.1 Introduction 43614.2 Preliminaries 43814.3 Concepts of LR Hexagonal Fuzzy Number 44114.4 Ranking Measures for LR-GHexFNs Using Score Functions 44614.5 Fuzzy WASPAS Method with LR-HexFN 45314.6 Real-Life Application 45714.7 Results and Discussion 46414.8 Conclusion and Future Work 46615 Dissemination Index in Fuzzy Graph Networks 469Parvathy Gnana Sambandam, Sundareswaran Raman, Shanmugapriya Marayanagaraj and Said Broumi15.1 Introduction 46915.2 Dissemination Index 47415.3 Dissemination Gap in Fuzzy Graph 48415.4 Application of Dissemination Index in Smart Hospital Emergency Alert System 48715.5 Conclusion 489Part V: Healthcare and Medical Applications 49316 A Novel Approach for Evaluating Complicated Pregnancies via Picture Fuzzy Distance Analysis 495Chukwudi Obinna Nwokoro, Paul Augustine Ejegwa, Felix C.C. Wekere, Nneka Gabriel Job, Kelechi Cynthia Nwokoro and Faith-Michael Uzoka16.1 Introduction 49616.2 Preliminaries 50016.3 Maternal Outcomes Analysis Based on Picture Fuzzy Distance Measures 50716.4 Result and Discussion 51016.5 Conclusion 52217 Investigating the Digital Healthcare System Based on Knowledge-Based Systems 531Sanjeev Kumar, Geeta Tiwari, Anil Kumar, Prateek Kumar Singhal and Neeraj Tiwari17.1 Introduction 53217.2 Foundation of Knowledge-Based Systems 53417.3 Applications of Knowledge-Based Systems in Digital Healthcare 53717.4 Technologies Enabling Knowledge-Based Healthcare Systems 53917.5 Challenges in Implementing Knowledge-Based Digital Healthcare Systems 54317.6 Case Studies and Real-World Applications 54517.7 Future Directions and Innovations 54617.8 Conclusion 547Part VI: Education and Public Services 55118 DSS for Educational Resource Management Based on a Multicriteria Approach: A Case Study for Madagascar National Education 553Rôlin Gabriel Rasoanaivo and Pascale Zaraté18.1 Introduction 55418.2 Methodologies 55718.3 MADREN: From Modeling to Implementation 56118.4 MADREN Experiment 56618.5 Discussion and Conclusion 598Part VII: Advanced Fuzzy and Soft Computing Techniques 60719 Interval Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Emergency Decision-Making Method with Weighted Distance-Based Approximation and Similarity Measures 609Murat Kiriºci19.1 Introduction 61019.2 Literature 61519.3 Preliminaries 61819.4 Proposed Methodology 623Contents xvii19.5 Scenario-Based Application 62719.6 Discussion 62919.7 Conclusion 63220 An Innovative MADM Framework Utilizing Some Dombi Shapley Choquet Integral Operators with Picture Fuzzy Information 637Pankaj Kakati20.1 Background Study 63820.2 Essential Concepts 64120.3 The Innovative PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64420.4 A Novel MADM Approach Based on PFDGSCI and PFDGSGCI 64920.5 Detailed Depiction 65120.6 Conclusions 65721 Fuzzy Approach to Replacement Problems Using Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 665Krishnaveni G., Sudha G., Melita Vinoliah E. and Balaganesan M.21.1 Introduction 66621.2 Operational Framework and Techniques 66921.3 Replacement Model with Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers 67221.4 Numerical Simulation 67721.5 Conclusion 681References 682Index 685