Catherine J. Doughty is Associate Research Director for SLA at the Center for the Advanced Study of Language at the University of Maryland. Michael H. Long is Professor of SLA and Director of the School of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at the University of Maryland.

"Catherine Doughty and Michael Long have emerged as two of the most knowledgeable, authoritative, and sanest voices in the current contentious debates over truth claims in second language acquisition. Their stewardship of the chapters in this volume – and authorship of two articles plus an overview and an interesting afterword that treats SLA as cognitive science – has produced some very strong critical summaries of several central ideas in these debates. The range and depth of many of the chapters is great and I have learned much from revisiting subjects I thought I knew well, such as transfer, fossilization, and individual variation." Larry Selinker, New York University "Arguing that SLA research should be viewed as a branch of cognitive science, the editors have served up a feast for, and about, the mind. This Handbook will be read, consulted, and referred to again and again." Diane Larsen-Freeman, University of Michigan "The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition lives up to its name: it provides a remarkable overview of the field, whose future the editors intelligently advocate to be an integral constituent of cognitive science. A rainbow of topics and theoretical stances promises much stimulation to a wide readership. The volume will no doubt serve as a highly appreciated resource for novice and expert alike." Bonnie D. Schwartz, University of Hawaii "Highly recommended." Choice

• List of Contributors viiiAcknowledgments xI Overview 11 The Scope of Inquiry and Goals of SLA 3Catherine J. Doughty and Michael H. LongII Capacity and Representation 172 On the Nature of Interlanguage Representation: Universal Grammar in the Second Language 19Lydia White3 The Radical Middle: Nativism without Universal Grammar 43William O’Grady4 Constructions, Chunking, and Connectionism: The Emergence of Second Language Structure 63Nick C. Ellis5 Cognitive Processes in Second Language Learners and Bilinguals: The Development of Lexical and Conceptual Representations 104Judith F. Kroll and Gretchen Sunderman6 Near-Nativeness 130Antonella SoraceIII Environments for Sla 1537 Language Socialization in SLA 155Karen Ann Watson-Gegeo and Sarah Nielsen8 Social Context 178Jeff Siegel9 Input and Interaction 224Susan M. Gass10 Instructed SLA: Constraints, Compensation, and Enhancement 256Catherine J. DoughtyIV Processes in Sla 31111 Implicit and Explicit Learning 313Robert DeKeyser12 Incidental and Intentional Learning 349Jan H. Hulstijn13 Automaticity and Second Languages 382Norman Segalowitz14 Variation 409Suzanne Romaine15 Cross-Linguistic Influence 436Terence Odlin16 Stabilization and Fossilization in Interlanguage Development 487Michael H. LongV Biological and Psychological Constraints 53717 Maturational Constraints in SLA 539Kenneth Hyltenstam and Niclas Abrahamsson18 Individual Differences in Second Language Learning 589Zoltán Dörnyei and Peter Skehan19 Attention and Memory during SLA 631Peter Robinson20 Language Processing Capacity 679Manfred PienemannVI Research Methods 71521 Defining and Measuring SLA 717John Norris and Lourdes Ortega22 Data Collection in SLA Research 762Craig ChaudronVII The State of Sla 82923 SLA Theory: Construction and Assessment 831Kevin R. Gregg24 SLA and Cognitive Science 866Michael H. Long and Catherine J. DoughtyIndex 871