Companion to 19th-Century America

William L. Barney is Professor of American History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has specialized in the history of the United States in the nineteenth century, especially the Civil War period, and is the author of The Road to Secession (1972), Flawed Victory: A New Perception of the Civil War (1975), and co-edited The American Journey: A History of the United States (1997). In 1987 he was a Fulbright Professor at the University of Genoa in Italy and served as Bowman and Gordon Gray Professor at the University of North Carolina from 1990 to 1993.

“This volume proves that examining previous interpretations is an important task that can be thought-provoking and creative. The result is a group of compelling essays that highlight existing scholarship while providing a glimpse of avenues for future interpretation. A commendable characteristic of these essays is the decision to focus on the most relevant questions and scholarship. The essays are all concisely written … .The exhaustive bibliography will provide ample source material for readers intrigued by a particular topic or essay. For students and scholars who seek to expand or refresh their knowledge of important scholarship, this volume shows that with the right approach, historiography can indeed be both savory and beneficial.” (Journal of Southern History, November 2008) “This series marks a major milestone in historiography and has no comparable, contemporary counterpart... The writing is jargon free, straightforward, and accessible to the scholar and sophisticated student as well as the general reader." (History: Reviews of New Books) "The volume fulfils its mission admirably: teachers will get their students up to speed by recommending chapters...They will also find many essays a ready means of enrichment and updating." (Journal of American Studies)

• Contributors viiIntroduction 1William L. BarneyPART I: POLITICS AND PUBLIC LIFE1 Early National Politics and Power, 1800±1824 5Robert M. S. McDonald2 The Jacksonian Era, 1825±1844 19Jonathan Atkins3 The Sectionalization of Politics, 1845±1860 33John Ashworth4 Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861±1877 47Vernon Burton5 The Gilded Age, 1878±1900 61Robert W. Cherny and William L. Barney6 American Law in the Nineteenth Century 73John E. SemonchePART II: FOREIGN RELATIONS7 American Expansion, 1800±1867 89John M. Belohlavek8 The Global Emergence of the United States, 1867±1900 104Eric RauchwayPART III: THE ECONOMY AND CLASS FORMATIONS9 The Emergence of a Market Economy before 1860 121Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman10 Industrialization and the Rise of Corporations, 1860±1900 139David B. Sicilia11 Urbanization 152Timothy J. Gilfoyle12 The Development of the Working Classes 164Kevin Kenny13 The Evolution of the Middle Class 178Cindy S. AronPART IV: RACE, GENDER, AND ETHNICITY14 African Americans 195Donald R. Wright15 Native-American History 209Michael D. Green and Theda Perdue16 Gender and the Changing Roles of Women 223Laura F. Edwards17 Immigration and Ethnicity 238Nora FairesPART V: REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES18 The South: From Old to New 257Stephen W. Berry19 The Middle West 272Andrew R. L. Cayton20 The Relational West 286Molly P. RozumPART VI: CULTURES AND IDEAS21 The Communications Revolution and Popular Culture 303David Hochfelder22 Interpreting American Religion 317Catherine A. Brekus23 Science and Technology 334Alan I. Marcus24 A History/Historiography of Representations of America 345Barbara GrosecloseBibliography 359Index 399