Lamin Sanneh is the D. Willis James Professor of World Christianity and of History at Yale University. He is the author of more than 200 articles and a dozen books on Islam and Christianity.Michael McClymond is Professor of Modern Christianity at Saint Louis University. He is the author of Familiar Stranger: An Introduction to Jesus of Nazareth (2004), editor of The Encyclopedia of Religious Revivals in America (2007), and co-author of The Theology of Jonathan Edwards (2012).

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• Notes on Contributors ixAbbreviations xxi1 Introduction 1Lamin Sanneh and Michael J. McClymondI. Historical Section 19A. The Roots (50–1750 ce)2 Jewish and Hellenic Worlds and Christian Origins 21John J. Collins3 The “Triumph” of Hellenization in Early Christianity 32Wendy Elgersma Helleman4 Ancient Eastern Christianity: Syria, Persia, Central Asia, and India 43Scott W. Sunquist5 Christianity and the European Conversions 54Tomás O’Sullivan6 Byzantium and Islam in the Mediterranean World 67James C. Skedros7 The Medieval Synthesis: Religion, Society, and Culture 78Joseph P. Huffmann8 Early Modern Missions and Maritime Expansion 96Felipe Fernandez-Armesto9 Bibles, Printing, Books, Churches 107Lori Ferrell10 The Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation 119Jeffrey KlaiberB. Issues in the Modern Period (1750–2000 ce) 12911 The Legacy of Christendom 131Philip Jenkins12 Slavery, Antislavery, and Christianity: Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean 142Christopher Schmidt-Nowara13 Medicine, Agriculture, and Technology in the Missionary Enterprise 153Christopher H. Grundmann14 Schools and Education in the Missionary Enterprise 166Norman Etherington15 Conversion, Converts, and National Identity 176J. Kwabena Asamoah-Gyadu16 Church and State Relations in the Colonial Period 190Brian Stanley17 Ideologies, the Quest for a Just Society, and Christian Responses 200Govert Buijs18 The Ecumenical Movement: Why Violence, Why Not Peace? 218Jan van Butselaar19 Vatican II: Renewal, Accommodation, Inculturation 231Peter C. Phan20 Christian Revival and Renewal Movements 244Michael J. McClymondII. Thematic Section 26321 Bible Translation, Culture, and Religion 265Lamin Sanneh22 Christianity and Interreligious Encounters 282Martin Ganeri23 Women in Church, State, and Society 302Angelyn Dries24 Worship, Liturgy, Sacraments 318Geoffrey Wainwright25 Freedom, Persecution, and the Status of Christian Minorities 330John Witte, Jr. and M. Christian Green26 Christianity and “Western Classical” Music (1700–2000) 350David Martin27 Music in the Newer Churches 359Brian Schrag28 Visual Arts in World Christianity 368Volker Küster29 Church Architecture Worldwide since 1800 386David R. Bains30 Charismatic Gifts: Healing, Tongue-Speaking, Prophecy, and Exorcism 399Michael J. McClymond31 Changing Uses of Old and New Media in World Christianity 419Jolyon Mitchell and Jeremy Kidwell32 Global Evangelical and Pentecostal Politics 432Paul FrestonIII. Christianity Since 1800: An Analysis by Regions and Traditions 44933 The Middle East and North Africa, I: Egypt and North Africa 451George Berbary34 The Middle East and North Africa, II: Christians in the Ottoman Empire and in Bilad al-Sham 458Souad Slim35 African Christianity: Historical and Thematic Horizons 468Lamin Sanneh36 Christianity in Western Europe 488Simon Coleman37 Russia and Eastern Europe 500Scott M. Kenworthy38 Latin America and the Caribbean 511Stephen Dove39 North America 523Amanda Porterfield40 South Asia 535Chandra Mallampalli41 China 546Daniel H. Bays42 Korea, Japan, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia 561J. Nelson Jennings, Yong Kyu Park, and Antolin V. Uy43 Christianity in Australia and Oceania (ca. 1800–2000) 575Stuart Piggin and Peter Lineham44 The Historical Development of Christianity in Oceania 588Manfred Ernst and Anna Anisi45 Roman Catholicism since 1800 605Thomas P. Rausch46 Orthodoxy and Eastern Christianity 617John A. McGuckin47 Anglicanism 628Kevin Ward48 Protestantism 641Alister McGrath49 Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity 653Allan H. Anderson50 Indigenous and Vernacular Christianity 664Michèle Miller Sigg, Eva M. Pascal, and Gina A. ZurloIV. Expansion and Secularization: A Demographic and Statistical Analysis 68351 The Transmission of Christian Faith: A Reflection 685Andrew Walls52 The Demographics and Dynamics of the World Christian Movement 699Todd M. Johnson53 Christianity in Europe and North America: Decline, Transition, or Pluralization? 719David MartinIndex 733

Lamin Sanneh is the D. Willis James Professor of World Christianity and of History at Yale University. He is the author of more than 200 articles and a dozen books on Islam and Christianity.Michael McClymond is Professor of Modern Christianity at Saint Louis University. He is the author of Familiar Stranger: An Introduction to Jesus of Nazareth (2004), editor of The Encyclopedia of Religious Revivals in America (2007), and co-author of The Theology of Jonathan Edwards (2012).

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• Notes on Contributors ixAbbreviations xxi1 Introduction 1Lamin Sanneh and Michael J. McClymondI. Historical Section 19A. The Roots (50–1750 ce)2 Jewish and Hellenic Worlds and Christian Origins 21John J. Collins3 The “Triumph” of Hellenization in Early Christianity 32Wendy Elgersma Helleman4 Ancient Eastern Christianity: Syria, Persia, Central Asia, and India 43Scott W. Sunquist5 Christianity and the European Conversions 54Tomás O’Sullivan6 Byzantium and Islam in the Mediterranean World 67James C. Skedros7 The Medieval Synthesis: Religion, Society, and Culture 78Joseph P. Huffmann8 Early Modern Missions and Maritime Expansion 96Felipe Fernandez-Armesto9 Bibles, Printing, Books, Churches 107Lori Ferrell10 The Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation 119Jeffrey KlaiberB. Issues in the Modern Period (1750–2000 ce) 12911 The Legacy of Christendom 131Philip Jenkins12 Slavery, Antislavery, and Christianity: Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean 142Christopher Schmidt-Nowara13 Medicine, Agriculture, and Technology in the Missionary Enterprise 153Christopher H. Grundmann14 Schools and Education in the Missionary Enterprise 166Norman Etherington15 Conversion, Converts, and National Identity 176J. Kwabena Asamoah-Gyadu16 Church and State Relations in the Colonial Period 190Brian Stanley17 Ideologies, the Quest for a Just Society, and Christian Responses 200Govert Buijs18 The Ecumenical Movement: Why Violence, Why Not Peace? 218Jan van Butselaar19 Vatican II: Renewal, Accommodation, Inculturation 231Peter C. Phan20 Christian Revival and Renewal Movements 244Michael J. McClymondII. Thematic Section 26321 Bible Translation, Culture, and Religion 265Lamin Sanneh22 Christianity and Interreligious Encounters 282Martin Ganeri23 Women in Church, State, and Society 302Angelyn Dries24 Worship, Liturgy, Sacraments 318Geoffrey Wainwright25 Freedom, Persecution, and the Status of Christian Minorities 330John Witte, Jr. and M. Christian Green26 Christianity and “Western Classical” Music (1700–2000) 350David Martin27 Music in the Newer Churches 359Brian Schrag28 Visual Arts in World Christianity 368Volker Küster29 Church Architecture Worldwide since 1800 386David R. Bains30 Charismatic Gifts: Healing, Tongue-Speaking, Prophecy, and Exorcism 399Michael J. McClymond31 Changing Uses of Old and New Media in World Christianity 419Jolyon Mitchell and Jeremy Kidwell32 Global Evangelical and Pentecostal Politics 432Paul FrestonIII. Christianity Since 1800: An Analysis by Regions and Traditions 44933 The Middle East and North Africa, I: Egypt and North Africa 451George Berbary34 The Middle East and North Africa, II: Christians in the Ottoman Empire and in Bilad al-Sham 458Souad Slim35 African Christianity: Historical and Thematic Horizons 468Lamin Sanneh36 Christianity in Western Europe 488Simon Coleman37 Russia and Eastern Europe 500Scott M. Kenworthy38 Latin America and the Caribbean 511Stephen Dove39 North America 523Amanda Porterfield40 South Asia 535Chandra Mallampalli41 China 546Daniel H. Bays42 Korea, Japan, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia 561J. Nelson Jennings, Yong Kyu Park, and Antolin V. Uy43 Christianity in Australia and Oceania (ca. 1800–2000) 575Stuart Piggin and Peter Lineham44 The Historical Development of Christianity in Oceania 588Manfred Ernst and Anna Anisi45 Roman Catholicism since 1800 605Thomas P. Rausch46 Orthodoxy and Eastern Christianity 617John A. McGuckin47 Anglicanism 628Kevin Ward48 Protestantism 641Alister McGrath49 Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity 653Allan H. Anderson50 Indigenous and Vernacular Christianity 664Michèle Miller Sigg, Eva M. Pascal, and Gina A. ZurloIV. Expansion and Secularization: A Demographic and Statistical Analysis 68351 The Transmission of Christian Faith: A Reflection 685Andrew Walls52 The Demographics and Dynamics of the World Christian Movement 699Todd M. Johnson53 Christianity in Europe and North America: Decline, Transition, or Pluralization? 719David MartinIndex 733

Lamin Sanneh is the D. Willis James Professor of World Christianity and of History at Yale University. He is the author of more than 200 articles and a dozen books on Islam and Christianity.Michael McClymond is Professor of Modern Christianity at Saint Louis University. He is the author of Familiar Stranger: An Introduction to Jesus of Nazareth (2004), editor of The Encyclopedia of Religious Revivals in America (2007), and co-author of The Theology of Jonathan Edwards (2012).

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• Notes on Contributors ixAbbreviations xxi1 Introduction 1Lamin Sanneh and Michael J. McClymondI. Historical Section 19A. The Roots (50–1750 ce)2 Jewish and Hellenic Worlds and Christian Origins 21John J. Collins3 The “Triumph” of Hellenization in Early Christianity 32Wendy Elgersma Helleman4 Ancient Eastern Christianity: Syria, Persia, Central Asia, and India 43Scott W. Sunquist5 Christianity and the European Conversions 54Tomás O’Sullivan6 Byzantium and Islam in the Mediterranean World 67James C. Skedros7 The Medieval Synthesis: Religion, Society, and Culture 78Joseph P. Huffmann8 Early Modern Missions and Maritime Expansion 96Felipe Fernandez-Armesto9 Bibles, Printing, Books, Churches 107Lori Ferrell10 The Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation 119Jeffrey KlaiberB. Issues in the Modern Period (1750–2000 ce) 12911 The Legacy of Christendom 131Philip Jenkins12 Slavery, Antislavery, and Christianity: Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean 142Christopher Schmidt-Nowara13 Medicine, Agriculture, and Technology in the Missionary Enterprise 153Christopher H. Grundmann14 Schools and Education in the Missionary Enterprise 166Norman Etherington15 Conversion, Converts, and National Identity 176J. Kwabena Asamoah-Gyadu16 Church and State Relations in the Colonial Period 190Brian Stanley17 Ideologies, the Quest for a Just Society, and Christian Responses 200Govert Buijs18 The Ecumenical Movement: Why Violence, Why Not Peace? 218Jan van Butselaar19 Vatican II: Renewal, Accommodation, Inculturation 231Peter C. Phan20 Christian Revival and Renewal Movements 244Michael J. McClymondII. Thematic Section 26321 Bible Translation, Culture, and Religion 265Lamin Sanneh22 Christianity and Interreligious Encounters 282Martin Ganeri23 Women in Church, State, and Society 302Angelyn Dries24 Worship, Liturgy, Sacraments 318Geoffrey Wainwright25 Freedom, Persecution, and the Status of Christian Minorities 330John Witte, Jr. and M. Christian Green26 Christianity and “Western Classical” Music (1700–2000) 350David Martin27 Music in the Newer Churches 359Brian Schrag28 Visual Arts in World Christianity 368Volker Küster29 Church Architecture Worldwide since 1800 386David R. Bains30 Charismatic Gifts: Healing, Tongue-Speaking, Prophecy, and Exorcism 399Michael J. McClymond31 Changing Uses of Old and New Media in World Christianity 419Jolyon Mitchell and Jeremy Kidwell32 Global Evangelical and Pentecostal Politics 432Paul FrestonIII. Christianity Since 1800: An Analysis by Regions and Traditions 44933 The Middle East and North Africa, I: Egypt and North Africa 451George Berbary34 The Middle East and North Africa, II: Christians in the Ottoman Empire and in Bilad al-Sham 458Souad Slim35 African Christianity: Historical and Thematic Horizons 468Lamin Sanneh36 Christianity in Western Europe 488Simon Coleman37 Russia and Eastern Europe 500Scott M. Kenworthy38 Latin America and the Caribbean 511Stephen Dove39 North America 523Amanda Porterfield40 South Asia 535Chandra Mallampalli41 China 546Daniel H. Bays42 Korea, Japan, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia 561J. Nelson Jennings, Yong Kyu Park, and Antolin V. Uy43 Christianity in Australia and Oceania (ca. 1800–2000) 575Stuart Piggin and Peter Lineham44 The Historical Development of Christianity in Oceania 588Manfred Ernst and Anna Anisi45 Roman Catholicism since 1800 605Thomas P. Rausch46 Orthodoxy and Eastern Christianity 617John A. McGuckin47 Anglicanism 628Kevin Ward48 Protestantism 641Alister McGrath49 Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity 653Allan H. Anderson50 Indigenous and Vernacular Christianity 664Michèle Miller Sigg, Eva M. Pascal, and Gina A. ZurloIV. Expansion and Secularization: A Demographic and Statistical Analysis 68351 The Transmission of Christian Faith: A Reflection 685Andrew Walls52 The Demographics and Dynamics of the World Christian Movement 699Todd M. Johnson53 Christianity in Europe and North America: Decline, Transition, or Pluralization? 719David MartinIndex 733