Dr. Shen cares for patients with spinal pathology through a combination of both operative and nonoperative techniques. When surgery is required, Dr. Shen combines both traditional open surgical techniques with cutting-edge minimal invasive techniques individualized to the patient's specific spine pathology. Dr. Shen's lab is also improving the future of patient care by applying tissue engineering principles to solve clinically relevant problems. He is dedicated to advancing the future of spine surgery by training not only post-doctorate research fellows, but also training the next generation of clinical spine surgeons as well. Dr. Shen has special expertise in surgery of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral spine, including anterior and posterior approaches. He also manages degenerative conditions, spinal deformity, trauma, tumors and infections of the spine. In addition to traditional open surgery, Dr. Shen also specializes in minimally invasive surgery, image guided spine surgery and microsurgery. Awards: 2016-2018 Best Doctors in America® List Dr. Samartzis obtained his undergraduate degree from Northwestern University, and further pursued graduate studies in biological sciences, evidence-based health care, clinical epidemiology, medical sciences, and international studies at Harvard University, University of Oxford (UK), University of Cambridge (UK), Erasmus University (The Netherlands), Charles University (Czech Republic), and London School of Economics and Political Science (UK). He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the The University of Hong Kong. He went on to become the Gilbert Beebe Fellow of the Radiation and Nuclear Board of the National Academies of Science in Washington D.C. and the United States Department of Energy, the Radiation Epidemiology Branch of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (a.k.a. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission) in Hiroshima, Japan. He has published over 350 peer-reviewed studies in high-impact journals (e.g., Lancet, Arthritis & Rheumatism, JBJS, etc.), book chapters and web-based articles. Professor at the Department of Neurosurgery, Rush Medical College Fessler is a board-certified neurosurgeon who specializes in minimally invasive spine surgery. He is dedicated to finding innovative methods to repair spinal cord injuries, and he has been a pioneer in minimally invasive spine surgery. Fessler has made significant contributions to endoscopic and microendoscopic surgical developments, including microendoscopic discectomy and microendoscopic compression of lumbar stenosis. He has a special interest in spinal cord transplantation and was the first physician in the United States to perform human embryonic spinal cord transplantation.

"With the addition of the digital format that is both intuitive and an expansion of the print format, this book on the cervical spine is an outstandingly readable, up to date and widely applicable resource for busy surgeons. Both seasoned surgeons and those in training will find the breadth of content and format to be invaluable and timely. This title pushes the boundaries of learning techniques in a very positive and much needed direction!" ~Alan Dacre, MD Doody Score: 86/100"Besides providing you all aspects of cervical spine surgery from basics to clinical practice, this book also provides you practical information for treating patients, useful information for surgery, state of the art techniques and emerging technologies and complications. The benefits of this book are numerous." ~Nano Khilnani"I assure you this textbook is beneficial for both specialists and residents. For specialists, it is a good tool for evaluating the current situation of the cervical spine field and for learning cutting-edge surgery techniques. For residents, it provides a solid foundation in cervical spine surgery and useful learning direction."Foreword by: Shin-ichi Kikuchi President of Fukushima Medical University, Feb 2015"Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler have produced an outstanding textbook that is relevant for cervical spine surgeons all over the world. This is a comprehensive textbook covering anatomy, pathology, and surgical technique, as well as the latest advances in the field. As such, it is an outstanding reference source for all spine surgeons, including those in training...I sincerely congratulate Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler for their excellent textbook."Foreword by: K. Daniel Riew, Mildred B. Simon Distinguished Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Feb 2015"The current textbook, edited by Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler, will certainly help the reader in finding answers to many issues. Special chapters cover the more general aspects, such as applied spine anatomy, neuroimaging, and neuromonitoring. Still, the main focus and strength of the textbook is the in-depth presentation of the spinal diseases-degenerative, traumatic, neoplastic, and infectious/inflammatory-and the related management options and surgical techniques. This textbook is a valuable addition to spine literature, and I would definitely recommend it."Foreword by: Madjid Samii, Founder and President International Neuroscience Institute, Feb 2015

• SECTION 1: BASICS1. Cervical Spine Anatomy2. Approaches to the Upper Cervical Spine 3. Anterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 4. Posterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 5. Anterior Approaches and Surgical Considerations for Pathology of the Cervicothoracic Junction6. Developmental and Congenital Disorders of the Cervical Spine 7. Biomechanics of the Cervical Spine8. Evaluation of the Cervical Spine9. Radiographic and Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Cervical Spine10. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine11. Neurophysiological Monitoring of the Cervical Spine SECTION 2: DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS12. Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease 13. Cervical Radiculopathy 14. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy15. Cervical Deformity and Treatment Algorithms 16. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament SECTION 3: TRAUMA17. Occipitocervical and Upper Cervical Spine Fractures18. Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries19. Spinal Cord Injuries and Syndromes 20. Traumatic Arterial Injuries: Diagnosis and Management21. Stingers and Transient ParesisSECTION 4: SPINAL TUMORS, INFECTIONS, AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS22. Primary Tumors of the Spinal Cord 23. Primary Bony Tumors of the Cervical Spine 24. Metastatic Disease of the Cervical Spine 25. Infections of the Cervical Spine 26. Tuberculosis of the Cervical Spine 27. Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Cervical Spine28. Ankylosing Spondylitis of the Cervical Spine29. SyringomyeliaSECTION 5: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES30. Anterior Cervical Discetomy and Fusion 31. Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion and Hybrid Techniques 32. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty 33. Anterior Cervical Foraminotomy 34. Laminectomy and Fusion 35. Cervical Laminoplasty36. Posterior Cervical Endoscopic Laminoforaminotomy37. Osteotomies of the Cervical Spine SECTION 6: FIXATION TECHNIQUES38. Occipitocervical Fixation 39. C1 Lateral Mass and C2 Pedicle Screw Fixation 40. C1-C2 Transarticular Screws41. C2 Translaminar Screw Fixation 42. Cervical Pedicle Screws 43. Lateral Mass Screws44. Interspinous Wiring SECTION 7: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES45. Minimally Invasive Techniques in the Cervical Spine 46. Image-Guided Navigation for Cervical Spine Surgery47. Biologics for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration and Repair 48. Biologics for Spinal Fusions 49. Intervertebral Disc TransplantationSECTION 8: COMPLICATIONS50. Vascular Injuries 51. Spinal Cord and Nerve Injuries in the Cervical Spine 52. Tracheoesophageal Injuries53. Dural Tear 54. Wound Complications 55. Adjacent Segment Disease 56. Nonunions and Implant Failure of the Cervical Spine

Dr. Shen cares for patients with spinal pathology through a combination of both operative and nonoperative techniques. When surgery is required, Dr. Shen combines both traditional open surgical techniques with cutting-edge minimal invasive techniques individualized to the patient's specific spine pathology. Dr. Shen's lab is also improving the future of patient care by applying tissue engineering principles to solve clinically relevant problems. He is dedicated to advancing the future of spine surgery by training not only post-doctorate research fellows, but also training the next generation of clinical spine surgeons as well. Dr. Shen has special expertise in surgery of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral spine, including anterior and posterior approaches. He also manages degenerative conditions, spinal deformity, trauma, tumors and infections of the spine. In addition to traditional open surgery, Dr. Shen also specializes in minimally invasive surgery, image guided spine surgery and microsurgery. Awards: 2016-2018 Best Doctors in America® List Dr. Samartzis obtained his undergraduate degree from Northwestern University, and further pursued graduate studies in biological sciences, evidence-based health care, clinical epidemiology, medical sciences, and international studies at Harvard University, University of Oxford (UK), University of Cambridge (UK), Erasmus University (The Netherlands), Charles University (Czech Republic), and London School of Economics and Political Science (UK). He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the The University of Hong Kong. He went on to become the Gilbert Beebe Fellow of the Radiation and Nuclear Board of the National Academies of Science in Washington D.C. and the United States Department of Energy, the Radiation Epidemiology Branch of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (a.k.a. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission) in Hiroshima, Japan. He has published over 350 peer-reviewed studies in high-impact journals (e.g., Lancet, Arthritis & Rheumatism, JBJS, etc.), book chapters and web-based articles. Professor at the Department of Neurosurgery, Rush Medical College Fessler is a board-certified neurosurgeon who specializes in minimally invasive spine surgery. He is dedicated to finding innovative methods to repair spinal cord injuries, and he has been a pioneer in minimally invasive spine surgery. Fessler has made significant contributions to endoscopic and microendoscopic surgical developments, including microendoscopic discectomy and microendoscopic compression of lumbar stenosis. He has a special interest in spinal cord transplantation and was the first physician in the United States to perform human embryonic spinal cord transplantation.

"With the addition of the digital format that is both intuitive and an expansion of the print format, this book on the cervical spine is an outstandingly readable, up to date and widely applicable resource for busy surgeons. Both seasoned surgeons and those in training will find the breadth of content and format to be invaluable and timely. This title pushes the boundaries of learning techniques in a very positive and much needed direction!" ~Alan Dacre, MD Doody Score: 86/100"Besides providing you all aspects of cervical spine surgery from basics to clinical practice, this book also provides you practical information for treating patients, useful information for surgery, state of the art techniques and emerging technologies and complications. The benefits of this book are numerous." ~Nano Khilnani"I assure you this textbook is beneficial for both specialists and residents. For specialists, it is a good tool for evaluating the current situation of the cervical spine field and for learning cutting-edge surgery techniques. For residents, it provides a solid foundation in cervical spine surgery and useful learning direction."Foreword by: Shin-ichi Kikuchi President of Fukushima Medical University, Feb 2015"Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler have produced an outstanding textbook that is relevant for cervical spine surgeons all over the world. This is a comprehensive textbook covering anatomy, pathology, and surgical technique, as well as the latest advances in the field. As such, it is an outstanding reference source for all spine surgeons, including those in training...I sincerely congratulate Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler for their excellent textbook."Foreword by: K. Daniel Riew, Mildred B. Simon Distinguished Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Feb 2015"The current textbook, edited by Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler, will certainly help the reader in finding answers to many issues. Special chapters cover the more general aspects, such as applied spine anatomy, neuroimaging, and neuromonitoring. Still, the main focus and strength of the textbook is the in-depth presentation of the spinal diseases-degenerative, traumatic, neoplastic, and infectious/inflammatory-and the related management options and surgical techniques. This textbook is a valuable addition to spine literature, and I would definitely recommend it."Foreword by: Madjid Samii, Founder and President International Neuroscience Institute, Feb 2015

• SECTION 1: BASICS1. Cervical Spine Anatomy2. Approaches to the Upper Cervical Spine 3. Anterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 4. Posterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 5. Anterior Approaches and Surgical Considerations for Pathology of the Cervicothoracic Junction6. Developmental and Congenital Disorders of the Cervical Spine 7. Biomechanics of the Cervical Spine8. Evaluation of the Cervical Spine9. Radiographic and Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Cervical Spine10. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine11. Neurophysiological Monitoring of the Cervical Spine SECTION 2: DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS12. Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease 13. Cervical Radiculopathy 14. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy15. Cervical Deformity and Treatment Algorithms 16. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament SECTION 3: TRAUMA17. Occipitocervical and Upper Cervical Spine Fractures18. Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries19. Spinal Cord Injuries and Syndromes 20. Traumatic Arterial Injuries: Diagnosis and Management21. Stingers and Transient ParesisSECTION 4: SPINAL TUMORS, INFECTIONS, AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS22. Primary Tumors of the Spinal Cord 23. Primary Bony Tumors of the Cervical Spine 24. Metastatic Disease of the Cervical Spine 25. Infections of the Cervical Spine 26. Tuberculosis of the Cervical Spine 27. Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Cervical Spine28. Ankylosing Spondylitis of the Cervical Spine29. SyringomyeliaSECTION 5: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES30. Anterior Cervical Discetomy and Fusion 31. Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion and Hybrid Techniques 32. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty 33. Anterior Cervical Foraminotomy 34. Laminectomy and Fusion 35. Cervical Laminoplasty36. Posterior Cervical Endoscopic Laminoforaminotomy37. Osteotomies of the Cervical Spine SECTION 6: FIXATION TECHNIQUES38. Occipitocervical Fixation 39. C1 Lateral Mass and C2 Pedicle Screw Fixation 40. C1-C2 Transarticular Screws41. C2 Translaminar Screw Fixation 42. Cervical Pedicle Screws 43. Lateral Mass Screws44. Interspinous Wiring SECTION 7: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES45. Minimally Invasive Techniques in the Cervical Spine 46. Image-Guided Navigation for Cervical Spine Surgery47. Biologics for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration and Repair 48. Biologics for Spinal Fusions 49. Intervertebral Disc TransplantationSECTION 8: COMPLICATIONS50. Vascular Injuries 51. Spinal Cord and Nerve Injuries in the Cervical Spine 52. Tracheoesophageal Injuries53. Dural Tear 54. Wound Complications 55. Adjacent Segment Disease 56. Nonunions and Implant Failure of the Cervical Spine

Dr. Shen cares for patients with spinal pathology through a combination of both operative and nonoperative techniques. When surgery is required, Dr. Shen combines both traditional open surgical techniques with cutting-edge minimal invasive techniques individualized to the patient's specific spine pathology. Dr. Shen's lab is also improving the future of patient care by applying tissue engineering principles to solve clinically relevant problems. He is dedicated to advancing the future of spine surgery by training not only post-doctorate research fellows, but also training the next generation of clinical spine surgeons as well. Dr. Shen has special expertise in surgery of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral spine, including anterior and posterior approaches. He also manages degenerative conditions, spinal deformity, trauma, tumors and infections of the spine. In addition to traditional open surgery, Dr. Shen also specializes in minimally invasive surgery, image guided spine surgery and microsurgery. Awards: 2016-2018 Best Doctors in America® List Dr. Samartzis obtained his undergraduate degree from Northwestern University, and further pursued graduate studies in biological sciences, evidence-based health care, clinical epidemiology, medical sciences, and international studies at Harvard University, University of Oxford (UK), University of Cambridge (UK), Erasmus University (The Netherlands), Charles University (Czech Republic), and London School of Economics and Political Science (UK). He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the The University of Hong Kong. He went on to become the Gilbert Beebe Fellow of the Radiation and Nuclear Board of the National Academies of Science in Washington D.C. and the United States Department of Energy, the Radiation Epidemiology Branch of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (a.k.a. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission) in Hiroshima, Japan. He has published over 350 peer-reviewed studies in high-impact journals (e.g., Lancet, Arthritis & Rheumatism, JBJS, etc.), book chapters and web-based articles. Professor at the Department of Neurosurgery, Rush Medical College Fessler is a board-certified neurosurgeon who specializes in minimally invasive spine surgery. He is dedicated to finding innovative methods to repair spinal cord injuries, and he has been a pioneer in minimally invasive spine surgery. Fessler has made significant contributions to endoscopic and microendoscopic surgical developments, including microendoscopic discectomy and microendoscopic compression of lumbar stenosis. He has a special interest in spinal cord transplantation and was the first physician in the United States to perform human embryonic spinal cord transplantation.

"With the addition of the digital format that is both intuitive and an expansion of the print format, this book on the cervical spine is an outstandingly readable, up to date and widely applicable resource for busy surgeons. Both seasoned surgeons and those in training will find the breadth of content and format to be invaluable and timely. This title pushes the boundaries of learning techniques in a very positive and much needed direction!" ~Alan Dacre, MD Doody Score: 86/100"Besides providing you all aspects of cervical spine surgery from basics to clinical practice, this book also provides you practical information for treating patients, useful information for surgery, state of the art techniques and emerging technologies and complications. The benefits of this book are numerous." ~Nano Khilnani"I assure you this textbook is beneficial for both specialists and residents. For specialists, it is a good tool for evaluating the current situation of the cervical spine field and for learning cutting-edge surgery techniques. For residents, it provides a solid foundation in cervical spine surgery and useful learning direction."Foreword by: Shin-ichi Kikuchi President of Fukushima Medical University, Feb 2015"Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler have produced an outstanding textbook that is relevant for cervical spine surgeons all over the world. This is a comprehensive textbook covering anatomy, pathology, and surgical technique, as well as the latest advances in the field. As such, it is an outstanding reference source for all spine surgeons, including those in training...I sincerely congratulate Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler for their excellent textbook."Foreword by: K. Daniel Riew, Mildred B. Simon Distinguished Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Feb 2015"The current textbook, edited by Drs. Shen, Samartzis, and Fessler, will certainly help the reader in finding answers to many issues. Special chapters cover the more general aspects, such as applied spine anatomy, neuroimaging, and neuromonitoring. Still, the main focus and strength of the textbook is the in-depth presentation of the spinal diseases-degenerative, traumatic, neoplastic, and infectious/inflammatory-and the related management options and surgical techniques. This textbook is a valuable addition to spine literature, and I would definitely recommend it."Foreword by: Madjid Samii, Founder and President International Neuroscience Institute, Feb 2015

• SECTION 1: BASICS1. Cervical Spine Anatomy2. Approaches to the Upper Cervical Spine 3. Anterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 4. Posterior Surgical Approach to the Cervical Spine 5. Anterior Approaches and Surgical Considerations for Pathology of the Cervicothoracic Junction6. Developmental and Congenital Disorders of the Cervical Spine 7. Biomechanics of the Cervical Spine8. Evaluation of the Cervical Spine9. Radiographic and Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Cervical Spine10. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine11. Neurophysiological Monitoring of the Cervical Spine SECTION 2: DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS12. Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease 13. Cervical Radiculopathy 14. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy15. Cervical Deformity and Treatment Algorithms 16. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament SECTION 3: TRAUMA17. Occipitocervical and Upper Cervical Spine Fractures18. Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries19. Spinal Cord Injuries and Syndromes 20. Traumatic Arterial Injuries: Diagnosis and Management21. Stingers and Transient ParesisSECTION 4: SPINAL TUMORS, INFECTIONS, AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS22. Primary Tumors of the Spinal Cord 23. Primary Bony Tumors of the Cervical Spine 24. Metastatic Disease of the Cervical Spine 25. Infections of the Cervical Spine 26. Tuberculosis of the Cervical Spine 27. Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Cervical Spine28. Ankylosing Spondylitis of the Cervical Spine29. SyringomyeliaSECTION 5: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES30. Anterior Cervical Discetomy and Fusion 31. Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion and Hybrid Techniques 32. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty 33. Anterior Cervical Foraminotomy 34. Laminectomy and Fusion 35. Cervical Laminoplasty36. Posterior Cervical Endoscopic Laminoforaminotomy37. Osteotomies of the Cervical Spine SECTION 6: FIXATION TECHNIQUES38. Occipitocervical Fixation 39. C1 Lateral Mass and C2 Pedicle Screw Fixation 40. C1-C2 Transarticular Screws41. C2 Translaminar Screw Fixation 42. Cervical Pedicle Screws 43. Lateral Mass Screws44. Interspinous Wiring SECTION 7: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES45. Minimally Invasive Techniques in the Cervical Spine 46. Image-Guided Navigation for Cervical Spine Surgery47. Biologics for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration and Repair 48. Biologics for Spinal Fusions 49. Intervertebral Disc TransplantationSECTION 8: COMPLICATIONS50. Vascular Injuries 51. Spinal Cord and Nerve Injuries in the Cervical Spine 52. Tracheoesophageal Injuries53. Dural Tear 54. Wound Complications 55. Adjacent Segment Disease 56. Nonunions and Implant Failure of the Cervical Spine