1 The Investigation of Hole States in Nuclei by Means of Knockout and Other Reactions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Formalism for Knockout and Pickup Reactions.- 3. Single-Nucleon Knockout and Related Reactions.- 4. Cluster Knockout and Related Reactions.- 5. Other Reactions.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 High-Energy Scattering from Nuclei.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Models of High-Energy Scattering. Scattering of Objects with “Preexisting” Subunits.- 3. Existing Evidence Supporting Our Understanding of the High-Energy Scattering.- 4. Scattering of Objects without “Preexisting” Subunits. Scattering from Fluctuations.- 5. Prospects of what Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics Can Learn from High-Energy Nuclear Scattering.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.- References.- 3 Nucleosynthesis by Charged-Particle Reactions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Charged-Particle Reaction Rates.- 3. Hydrogen Burning.- 4. Helium Burning.- 5. Synthesis of the Nuclei with 20 ? A ? 60.- 6. Synthesis of the Nuclei with A ? 60 and the l-Process.- 7. Nucleosynthesis in Massive Exploding Objects.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4 Nucleosynthesis and Neutron-Capture Cross Sections.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Development of Neutron Buildup Theory.- 3. Stellar Neutron Sources.- 4. Neutron Capture Cross Sections.- 5. Abundance-Cross-Section Correlations.- 6. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 Nuclear Structure Studies in the Z = 50 Region.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Experimental Data.- 3. Theoretical Calculations.- 4. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- General References.- Even-Mass Tin Isotopes.- Odd-Mass Tin Isotopes.- Odd-Mass Antimony Isotopes.- Odd-Mass Indium Isotopes.- Pittsburgh Calculations.- Trieste Calculations.- ChalkRiver Calculations.- 6 An s—d-Shell-Model Study for A = 18–22.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Model Hamiltonians.- 3. Excitation Energies and Spectroscopic Factors.- 4. Ground-State Binding Energies.- 5. Electric Quadrupole Moments and E2 Transitions.- 6. Magnetic Moments and M1 Transitions.- 7. Summary and Final Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix A. Shell-Model Basis and Methods.- A.1. Coupling Scheme.- A.2. Phases.- A.3. Computer Codes.- References.