Dr Raffaele D’Amato is an experienced researcher of the ancient and medieval military worlds. After achieving his first PhD in Romano-Byzantine Law, he gained a second doctorate in Roman military archaeology. He has written some 40 books and numerous articles on the Roman Empire, Byzantium, medieval Europe and the military of Ancient Greece.Raffaele Ruggeri was born in Bologna where he works and lives with his wife. After studying at the Fine Arts Academy he worked in several areas of graphics and design before deciding to devote himself to illustration. He has long been interested in military history and has illustrated a number of books for Osprey.

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• Introduction: the collapse of unity between 235 and 285 ADChronologyMilitary organization of the Western ProvincesDistribution of the army in the West, from the Severans to Diocletian: legiones, auxilia and numeri The garrison of RomeEvidence for arms, armour, equipment and clothing, province by province: Aquitania, Belgica, Britannia, Gallia Lugdunensis, Gallia Narbonensis, Germania Inferior, Germania Superior, Raetia, Noricum, Pannonia, Dlmatia, Tarraconensis, Baetica, Lusitania, Africa Procunsularis, Mauretania Tingitana, Mauretania Cesriensis, the Alpes, Italica, Sicilia, Sardinia and CorsicaSelect BibliographyPlate commentaries

Dr Raffaele D’Amato is an experienced researcher of the ancient and medieval military worlds. After achieving his first PhD in Romano-Byzantine Law, he gained a second doctorate in Roman military archaeology. He has written some 40 books and numerous articles on the Roman Empire, Byzantium, medieval Europe and the military of Ancient Greece.Raffaele Ruggeri was born in Bologna where he works and lives with his wife. After studying at the Fine Arts Academy he worked in several areas of graphics and design before deciding to devote himself to illustration. He has long been interested in military history and has illustrated a number of books for Osprey.

Select Guide Rating

• Introduction: the collapse of unity between 235 and 285 ADChronologyMilitary organization of the Western ProvincesDistribution of the army in the West, from the Severans to Diocletian: legiones, auxilia and numeri The garrison of RomeEvidence for arms, armour, equipment and clothing, province by province: Aquitania, Belgica, Britannia, Gallia Lugdunensis, Gallia Narbonensis, Germania Inferior, Germania Superior, Raetia, Noricum, Pannonia, Dlmatia, Tarraconensis, Baetica, Lusitania, Africa Procunsularis, Mauretania Tingitana, Mauretania Cesriensis, the Alpes, Italica, Sicilia, Sardinia and CorsicaSelect BibliographyPlate commentaries