Environmental Communication

Robert Cox is Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His principal research areas are environmental and climate change communication and strategic studies of social movements. A internationally-recognized leading scholar who helped found the field of environmental communication, Cox is coeditor of The Routledge Handbook of Environment and Communication (2015; second edition forthcoming), editor of the four-volume reference series Environmental Communication (Sage, 2016), and the author of numerous studies of environmental and climate change campaigns. He has served three times (1994-1996; 2000-2001; 2007-2008) as president of the Sierra Club, the largest grassroots U.S. environmental organization, and was also on the board of directors for Earth Echo International, whose mission is “to empower youth to take action that restores and protects our water planet.” Cox also continues to advise environmental groups on their communication programs. He regularly participates in environmental and climate change initiatives and has campaigned with former vice president Al Gore, singer Melissa Etheridge, and other public figures. He also enjoys hiking and trekking in the Himalayas, Europe, and the southern Appalachian Mountains in the United States.

Edited by a leading scholar in the field, this authoritative and timely collection brings together key influential articles in the increasingly important area of environmental communication. The four volume set expertly maps the development of the field and provides a superb reference source for teachers, students and researchers.

• VOLUME ONE: ORIGINS, APPROACHES, AND PRINCIPLESPart One: Theoretical and Conceptual InfluencesIdeas of Nature - Raymond WilliamsThe Production and Consumption of Environmental Meanings in the Mass Media: A Research Agenda for the 1990s - Jacquelin BurgessNature and Norm - Neil EverndenThe Theoretical Construction of Nature: A Critique of Naturalistic Theories of Evolution - Klaus EderPart Two: Rhetorical-Discursive AnalysesRhetorical StudiesJohn Muir, Yosemite, and the Sublime Response: A Study in the Rhetoric of Preservationism - Christine OravecAccidental Rhetoric: The Root Metaphors of Three Mile Island - Thomas Farrell and G. Thomas GoodnightRhetoric, Environmentalism, and Environmental Ethics - Michael Bruner and Max OelschlaegerDiscourse AnalysesMaking Sense of Earth’s Politics: A Discourse Approach - John DryzekCultural Circuits of Climate Change in UK Broadsheet Newspapers - Anabela Carvalho and Jacquelin BurgessPart Three: Social-Cultural ConstructionsConstructing a Social Problem: The Press and the Environment - A. Clay Schoenfeld, Robert Meier and Robert GriffinThe Media and the Social Construction of the Environment - Anders HansenMedia Images and the Social Construction of Reality - William Gamson, David Croteau, William Hoynes and Theodore SassonRethinking Nature and Society - Phil Macnaghten and John UrryPart Four: Visual Constructions of EnvironmentThe Tourist Gaze and the ‘Environment’ - John UrryVisually Branding the Environment: Climate Change as a Marketing Opportunity - Anders Hansen and David MachinPicturing the Clima(c)tic: Greenpeace and the Representational Politics of Climate Change Communication - Julie DoylePart Five: Environment Communication as a FieldCommunication, Media and Environment: Towards Reconnecting Research on the Production, Content and Social Implications of Environmental Communication - Anders HansenNature’s ‘Crisis Disciplines’: Does Environmental Communication Have an Ethical Duty? - Robert CoxVOLUME TWO: MEDIA AND ENVIRONMENTAL JOURNALISMPart One: News Coverage of the EnvironmentUp and Down with Ecology – The ‘Issue-Attention Cycle’ - Anthony DownsMedia Coverage and Public Opinion on Scientific Controversies - Allan MazurPart Two: Media Framing and the EnvironmentFraming: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm - Robert EntmanMedia Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach - William Gamson and Andre ModiglianiCommunicating Climate Change: Why Frames Matter for Public Engagement - Matthew NisbetPart Three: Environmental Media EffectsAgenda-SettingThe Agenda-setting Function of Mass Media - Maxwell McCombs and Donald ShawMedia Agenda-setting with Environmental Issues - Tony Atwater, Michael Salwen and Ronald AndersonThe Media Coverage and Public Awareness of Environmental Issues in Japan - Shunji Mikami, Toshio Takeshita, Makoto Nakada and Miki KawabataA Longitudinal Study of Agenda Setting for the Issue of Environmental Pollution - Christine AderMass-media Coverage, Its Influence on Public Awareness of Climate-Change Issues, and Implications for Japan′s National Campaign to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Yuki Sampei and Midori Aoyagi-UsuiCultivation and Narrative AnalysesGreen or Brown? Television and the Cultivation of Environmental Concern - James Shanahan, Michael Morgan and Mads StenbjerreEnvironmental Concern, Patterns of Television Viewing, and Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Integrating Models of Media Consumption and Effects - R. Lance Holbert, Nojin Kwak and Dhavan ShahTelling Stories about Global Climate Change: Measuring the Impact of Narratives on Issue Cycles - Katherine McComas and James ShanahanPart Four: Environmental Television and FilmTelevision′s Portrayal of the Environment: 1991–1995 - James Shanahan and Katherine McComasEnvironmental Content in Prime-Time Network TV′s Non-News Entertainment and Fictional Programs - Katherine McComas, James Shanahan and Jessica ButlerHollywood Utopia: Ecology, and Contemporary American Cinema - Pat BreretonDomesticating Nature on the Television Set - Gregg Mitman‘Movements that are Drawn’: A History of Environmental Animation from The Lorax to FernGully to Avatar - Nicole StarosielskiPart Five:New Media, Digital Technologies, and the EnvironmentFrom Public Sphere to Public Screen: Democracy, Activism, and the "Violence" of Seattle - Kevin DeLuca and Jennifer PeeplesPower Games: Environmental Protest, News Media and the Internet - Libby Lester and Brett HutchinsSocial Media and the Organization of Collective Action: Using Twitter to Explore the Ecologies of Two Climate Change Protests - Alexandra Segerberg and W. Lance BennettVOLUME THREE: ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND CLIMATE CHANGE COMMUNICATIONPart One: Environmental Risk CommunicationSocial-Discursive Constructions of RisksPerception of Risk - Paul SlovicThe Emergence of Risk Communication Studies: Social and Political Context - Alonzo Plough and Sheldon KrimskyThe Social Amplification of Risk: A Conceptual Framework - Roger Kasperson, Ortwin Renn, Paul Slovic, Halina Brown, Jacque Emel, Robert Goble, Jeanne Kasperson and Samuel RatickFrom Industrial Society to the Risk Society: Questions of Survival, Social Structure and Ecological Enlightenment - Ulrich BeckEnvironmental Risk and the PublicRisk Communication: Facing Public Outrage - Peter SandmanOn the Logic of Wealth Distribution and Risk Distribution - Ulrich BeckAmerican Risk Perceptions: Is Climate Change Dangerous? - Anthony LeiserowitzMedia and Environmental RiskNetwork Evening News Coverage of Environmental Risk - Michael Greenberg, David Sachsman, Peter Sandman and Kandice SalomoneTV News, Lay Voices, and the Visualization of Environmental Risks - Simon CottlePart Two: Climate Change CommunicationCommunicating Climate ChangeClimate Change Risk Perception and Policy Preferences: The Role of Affect, Imagery, and Values - Anthony LeiserowitzMore Bad News: The Risk of Neglecting Emotional Responses to Climate Change Information - Susanne Moser‘Fear Won′t Do It’: Promoting Positive Engagement with Climate Change through Visual and Iconic Representations - Saffron O′Neill and Sophie Nicholson-ColeBeyond Frames: Recovering the Strategic in Climate Communication - Robert CoxMedia and Climate ChangeConstructing Climate Change: Claims and Frames in US News Coverage of an Environmental Issue - Craig TrumboBalance as Bias: Global Warming and the US Prestige Press - Maxwell Boykoff and Jules BoykoffIdeological Cultures and Media Discourses on Scientific Knowledge: Re-reading News on Climate Change - Anabela CarvalhoLost in Translation? United States Television News Coverage of Anthropogenic Climate Change, 1995–2004 - Maxwell BoykoffVisualizing Climate Change: Television News and Ecological Citizenship - Libby Lester and Simon CottleCommunication and Climate Change DenialDefeating Kyoto: The Conservative Movement′s Impact on U.S. Climate Change Policy - Aaron McCright and Riley DunlapTesting Public (Un)Certainty of Science: Media Representations of Global Warming - Julia Corbett and Jessica DurfeeVOLUME FOUR: ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLICS: CITIZENS, CORPORATIONS, AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSPart One: Public Participation in Environmental DecisionsEnvironmental Communication and the Cultural Politics of Environmental Citizenship - Jacquie Burgess, Carolyn Harrison and P. FiliusCitizen Participation and Environmental Risk: A Survey of Institutional Mechanisms - Daniel FiorinoCollaboration as a Deliberative Process - Steven Daniels and Gregg WalkerThe Environmental Self and a Sense of Place: Communication Foundations for Regional Ecosystem Management - James CantrillThe Trinity of Voice: The Role of Practical Theory in Planning and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Environmental Participatory Processes - Susan SenecahPart Two: Communication of Environmental Pressure Groups and NGOsEnvironment Groups’ Uses of MediaSource Strategies and the Communication of Environmental Affairs - Susan SenecahImaging Social Movements - Kevin DeLucaEnvironmental Protest and Tap-Dancing with the Media in the Information Age - Brett Hutchins and Libby LesterMaking the News: Movement Organizations, Media Attention, and the Public Agenda - Kenneth Andrews and Neal CarenRhetorical and Discursive Studies of Environmental SourcesConservationism vs. Preservationism: The “Public Interest” in the Hetch Hetchy Controversy - Christine OravecIntroduction to Toxic Tourism: A Challenge - Phaedra PezzulloEnvironmental Melodrama - Steven SchwarzeA Two-Step Flow of Influence? Opinion-Leader Campaigns on Climate Change - Matthew Nisbet and John KotcherResisting ‘National Breast Cancer Awareness Month’: The Rhetoric of Counterpublics and Their Cultural Performances - Phaedra PezzulloPart Three: Corporate Green Marketing and Public RelationsEnvironmental AdvertisingAnatomy of Green Advertising - Easwar Iyer and Bobby BanerjeeShades of Green: A Multidimensional Analysis of Environmental Advertising - Subhabrata Banerjee, Charles Gulas and Easwar IyerEnvironmental Advertising Claims: A Preliminary Investigation - Norman Kangun, Les Carlson and Stephen GroveCorporate “Green” Image ManagementCorporate Publics and Rhetorical Strategies: The Case of Union Carbide′s Bhopal Crisis - Richard IceConstructing the Environmental Spectacle: Green Advertisements and the Greening of the Corporate Image, 1910–1990 - Michael Howlett and Rebecca RaglonImage Repair Discourse and Crisis Communication - William BenoitSpinning Climate Change: Corporate and NGO Public Relations Strategies in Canada and the United States - Josh Greenberg, Graham Knight and Elizabeth Westersund