Jane Austen, Abolitionist

The words "pride and prejudice" became the title of Jane Austen's most famous novel, but the history of the phrase before Austen is less famous. In particular, most of the reading public has never known that "pride and prejudice" was a traditional critique adopted by British and American antislavery writers. After Austen's lifetime, the antislavery associations intensified, especially in America. This is the only book about the tradition and the many newly discovered uses of "pride and prejudice" before and after Austen's popular novel. Hundreds of examples in an annotated list show the use of "pride and prejudice" used to uphold independence--independent judgment, independent ethical behavior, independence that repudiated all forms of oppression. The book demonstrates how, in a natural evolution, the phrase was used to criticize enslavement and the slave trade. Eighteenth-century revolutionary Thomas Paine used the phrase in Common Sense nineteenth-century abolitionist Frederick Douglass used it throughout his lifetime. Choosing her title for these resonances, Austen supported independent reason, reinforced writing by women, and opposed enslavement.