Heidi Anne E. Mesmer, PhD, is Assistant Professor at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, where she conducts research and teaches literacy courses to graduate students. She is a former elementary school teacher and has taught in both urban and rural settings. Since 1999 she has studied beginning reading materials and text difficulty. Dr. Mesmer has worked extensively with schools and teachers in funded projects. She was a Spencer Foundation/National Academy of Education postdoctoral fellow and a recipient of an Institute of Education Sciences/American Educational Research Association grant.

Mesmer has emerged as one of the leading authorities on text features that support learning to read. In this book, she offers both a comprehensive examination of the research literature in this area and a very useful set of guidelines for the use of text analysis tools. The chapters that focus on actual school-level and classroom-level practices are particularly helpful.--James V. Hoffman, PhD, Department of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Texas at AustinMesmer has done an extraordinary job. This is one of the first books to provide a comprehensive review of information about text analysis tools, and it represents an important contribution to the literature on instructional materials. I think students in my graduate reading education courses will find this an excellent resource. In particular, the vignettes will help them understand how text analysis tools can be applied in schools.--Priscilla L. Griffith, PhD, Department of Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum, University of OklahomaReading educators of all stripes, from classroom teachers to coaches, will find this text a valuable resource. Mesmer analyzes reading tools that are ubiquitous in classrooms but are rarely discussed with any informative depth. The book's analysis of these tools, discussion of their advantages and disadvantages, and vignettes for classroom application fill a long-standing gap in the field.--Kathleen J. Brown, PhD, Director, University of Utah Reading Clinic-

• 1.Using Text Analysis Tools to Match Readers to TextsI. Text Analysis Tools: A Reference2. Traditional Readability Formulas3. Second-Generation Readability Formulas: Lexiles and Degrees of Reading Power4. Textual Scaffolds for Beginning Readers: Qualitative Leveling, Decodability, and Vocabulary ControlII. Choosing and Using Text Analysis Tools5. Choosing Text Analysis Tools: Successful Schools 6. Using Text Analysis Tools: Successful Primary Teachers7. Using Text Analysis Tools: Successful Intermediate Teachers Appendix. Applications of Readability Formulas: Accelerated Reader and Reading Counts