LOUISA HA is Professor of Research Excellence in the School of Media and Communication and the founder and chair of the Emerging Media Research Cluster at Bowling Green State University.LARS WILLNAT is the John Ben Snow Endowed Research Chair in the Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

Ha and Willnat have achieved a major advance in the comparative study of news media coverage in application to an issue of great topical significance and concern in international relations. Embedded in agenda-setting and framing theory, the volume empirically and comprehensively analyzes the impacts of media structure, professional and user-generated journalism practice, and audience behaviors, as these range across legacy and digital media and through frames of war and peace. It identifies prevailing media narratives of threat and survival as worrying indications of potential future conflict.—Oliver Boyd-Barrett, professor emeritus, College of Arts and Sciences, Bowling Green State University, and coeditor, Media Imperialism: Continuity and Change

• Contents Introduction: The U.S.–China Trade War as a Case Study of U.S.–China Relations, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Part 1. Economic and International Contexts The China Knot: A Brief History of U.S.–China Trade Relations Leading to the Trade War, Steven Beckman and Stephen J. Hartnett China’s Foreign Direct Investment Expansion: News Coverage of U.S.–China Economic and Security Review Commission Reports, Hamilton Bean National Images as Integrated Schemas: How Americans and Chinese Think about Each Other and the U.S.–China Trade War, Lars Willnat, Shuo Tang, Jian Shi, and Ning Zhan Part 2. Media Coverage of the Trade War in the United States U.S. Television News Coverage of the Trade War: Partisan vs. Nonpartisan Media, Rik Ray and Yanqin Lu How Media Use and Perceptions of Chinese Immigrants and Mainland Chinese Affect Americans’ Attitudes toward the U.S.–China Trade War, Ruonan Zhang, Louisa Ha, and Nicky Chang Bi How News Media Content and Fake News about the Trade War Are Shared on Twitter: A Topic Modeling and Content Analysis, Louisa Ha, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, and Yang Yang Part 3. Media Coverage of the Trade War in China How the Chinese News Media Present the U.S.–China Trade War, Peiqin Chen and Ke Guo Comparing U.S. and Chinese Media Coverage of the U.S.–China Trade War: War and Peace Journalism Practice and the Foreign Policy Information Market Equilibrium Hypothesis, Louisa Ha, Yang Yang, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu How Weibo Influencers and Ordinary Posters Responded to the U.S.–China Trade War, Louisa Ha, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu Conclusion: The Roles of Professional and User-Generated Media in Shaping U.S.–China Relations in the Digital Age, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Contributors

LOUISA HA is Professor of Research Excellence in the School of Media and Communication and the founder and chair of the Emerging Media Research Cluster at Bowling Green State University.LARS WILLNAT is the John Ben Snow Endowed Research Chair in the Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

Ha and Willnat have achieved a major advance in the comparative study of news media coverage in application to an issue of great topical significance and concern in international relations. Embedded in agenda-setting and framing theory, the volume empirically and comprehensively analyzes the impacts of media structure, professional and user-generated journalism practice, and audience behaviors, as these range across legacy and digital media and through frames of war and peace. It identifies prevailing media narratives of threat and survival as worrying indications of potential future conflict.—Oliver Boyd-Barrett, professor emeritus, College of Arts and Sciences, Bowling Green State University, and coeditor, Media Imperialism: Continuity and Change

• Contents Introduction: The U.S.–China Trade War as a Case Study of U.S.–China Relations, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Part 1. Economic and International Contexts The China Knot: A Brief History of U.S.–China Trade Relations Leading to the Trade War, Steven Beckman and Stephen J. Hartnett China’s Foreign Direct Investment Expansion: News Coverage of U.S.–China Economic and Security Review Commission Reports, Hamilton Bean National Images as Integrated Schemas: How Americans and Chinese Think about Each Other and the U.S.–China Trade War, Lars Willnat, Shuo Tang, Jian Shi, and Ning Zhan Part 2. Media Coverage of the Trade War in the United States U.S. Television News Coverage of the Trade War: Partisan vs. Nonpartisan Media, Rik Ray and Yanqin Lu How Media Use and Perceptions of Chinese Immigrants and Mainland Chinese Affect Americans’ Attitudes toward the U.S.–China Trade War, Ruonan Zhang, Louisa Ha, and Nicky Chang Bi How News Media Content and Fake News about the Trade War Are Shared on Twitter: A Topic Modeling and Content Analysis, Louisa Ha, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, and Yang Yang Part 3. Media Coverage of the Trade War in China How the Chinese News Media Present the U.S.–China Trade War, Peiqin Chen and Ke Guo Comparing U.S. and Chinese Media Coverage of the U.S.–China Trade War: War and Peace Journalism Practice and the Foreign Policy Information Market Equilibrium Hypothesis, Louisa Ha, Yang Yang, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu How Weibo Influencers and Ordinary Posters Responded to the U.S.–China Trade War, Louisa Ha, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu Conclusion: The Roles of Professional and User-Generated Media in Shaping U.S.–China Relations in the Digital Age, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Contributors

LOUISA HA is Professor of Research Excellence in the School of Media and Communication and the founder and chair of the Emerging Media Research Cluster at Bowling Green State University.LARS WILLNAT is the John Ben Snow Endowed Research Chair in the Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

Ha and Willnat have achieved a major advance in the comparative study of news media coverage in application to an issue of great topical significance and concern in international relations. Embedded in agenda-setting and framing theory, the volume empirically and comprehensively analyzes the impacts of media structure, professional and user-generated journalism practice, and audience behaviors, as these range across legacy and digital media and through frames of war and peace. It identifies prevailing media narratives of threat and survival as worrying indications of potential future conflict.—Oliver Boyd-Barrett, professor emeritus, College of Arts and Sciences, Bowling Green State University, and coeditor, Media Imperialism: Continuity and Change

• Contents Introduction: The U.S.–China Trade War as a Case Study of U.S.–China Relations, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Part 1. Economic and International Contexts The China Knot: A Brief History of U.S.–China Trade Relations Leading to the Trade War, Steven Beckman and Stephen J. Hartnett China’s Foreign Direct Investment Expansion: News Coverage of U.S.–China Economic and Security Review Commission Reports, Hamilton Bean National Images as Integrated Schemas: How Americans and Chinese Think about Each Other and the U.S.–China Trade War, Lars Willnat, Shuo Tang, Jian Shi, and Ning Zhan Part 2. Media Coverage of the Trade War in the United States U.S. Television News Coverage of the Trade War: Partisan vs. Nonpartisan Media, Rik Ray and Yanqin Lu How Media Use and Perceptions of Chinese Immigrants and Mainland Chinese Affect Americans’ Attitudes toward the U.S.–China Trade War, Ruonan Zhang, Louisa Ha, and Nicky Chang Bi How News Media Content and Fake News about the Trade War Are Shared on Twitter: A Topic Modeling and Content Analysis, Louisa Ha, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, and Yang Yang Part 3. Media Coverage of the Trade War in China How the Chinese News Media Present the U.S.–China Trade War, Peiqin Chen and Ke Guo Comparing U.S. and Chinese Media Coverage of the U.S.–China Trade War: War and Peace Journalism Practice and the Foreign Policy Information Market Equilibrium Hypothesis, Louisa Ha, Yang Yang, Rik Ray, Frankline Matanji, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu How Weibo Influencers and Ordinary Posters Responded to the U.S.–China Trade War, Louisa Ha, Peiqin Chen, Ke Guo, and Nan Lyu Conclusion: The Roles of Professional and User-Generated Media in Shaping U.S.–China Relations in the Digital Age, Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat Contributors