Lowland Susiana in the Fourth Millennium BCE

This is the final report on ISAC's 2004-2006 excavations at three major prehistoric population centres in northern Susiana, Iran.During two seasons in 2004-2006, the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures excavated three major prehistoric population centres in northern Susiana, in the modern-day province of Khuzestan, Iran: KS-04 (Chogha Do Sar), KS-59 (Abu Fanduweh), and KS-108 (Beladieh). The three sites were chosen because of their large size and the prominent role they have played in analyses of the pottery typology, chronology, and politics of fourth-millennium BCE Susiana. Most researchers consider the fourth millennium to be a pivotal period in the development of state-level organization in southwestern Iran. During this time, KS-04, KS-59, and KS-108, along with Chogha Mish and Susa, constituted the region's major polities.Whereas much of the theoretical framework concerning the local origins of sociopolitical complexity has been based on excavated materials from Susa and Chogha Mish, interpretations of KS-04, KS-59, and KS-108 have largely been derived from surface surveys. ISAC's stratified excavations at these three population centres have now provided important contextual evidence for the processes underlying sociopolitical and economic complexity in prehistoric lowland Susiana.