Bilal Ahmad, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Higher Education Department of Jammu and Kashmir, India, specializing in plant physiology and stress biology. His work focuses on growth regulators, nanoparticles, and polysaccharides in medicinal plants. He has published widely, edited book volumes, and acts as a reviewer for international journals.Tariq Ahmad Dar, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at Sri Pratap College, Srinagar (affiliated with Cluster University), India. He is a researcher in medicinal plants, focusing on improving growth, yield, and bioactive compounds using plant growth regulators and marine polysaccharides. He has published in leading journals, presented internationally, and supervised postgraduate research.Khalid Rehman Hakeem, PhD, is a Professor at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, with extensive experience in plant eco-physiology and biotechnology. To date, Dr. Hakeem has authored and edited more than 95 books with international publishers, and also has to his credit more than 185 research publications in peer-reviewed international journals and 80 book chapters in edited volumes.

• Preface 1. Introduction and Brief Overview of Peppermint and Its Essential Oil 2. Abiotic Stress and Essential Oil Composition of Peppermint: An Overview 3. Influence of Selective Mineral Nutrients on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 4. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Conventional Plant Growth Regulators 5. Influence of Selective Nanoparticles on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 6. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Nanoparticles and Depolymerized Polysaccharides 7. Influence of Radiation-Processed Polysaccharides on Performance of Peppermint 8. Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Restructuring of Sodium Alginate Enhances the Content of Essential Oil in Peppermint by Improving Its Growth, Nutrient Content, and Enzymatic Activities 9. Traditional and Pharmacological Significance of Peppermint and Its Secondary Metabolites 10. Cropping System in Peppermint Index

Bilal Ahmad, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Higher Education Department of Jammu and Kashmir, India, specializing in plant physiology and stress biology. His work focuses on growth regulators, nanoparticles, and polysaccharides in medicinal plants. He has published widely, edited book volumes, and acts as a reviewer for international journals.Tariq Ahmad Dar, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at Sri Pratap College, Srinagar (affiliated with Cluster University), India. He is a researcher in medicinal plants, focusing on improving growth, yield, and bioactive compounds using plant growth regulators and marine polysaccharides. He has published in leading journals, presented internationally, and supervised postgraduate research.Khalid Rehman Hakeem, PhD, is a Professor at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, with extensive experience in plant eco-physiology and biotechnology. To date, Dr. Hakeem has authored and edited more than 95 books with international publishers, and also has to his credit more than 185 research publications in peer-reviewed international journals and 80 book chapters in edited volumes.

• Preface 1. Introduction and Brief Overview of Peppermint and Its Essential Oil 2. Abiotic Stress and Essential Oil Composition of Peppermint: An Overview 3. Influence of Selective Mineral Nutrients on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 4. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Conventional Plant Growth Regulators 5. Influence of Selective Nanoparticles on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 6. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Nanoparticles and Depolymerized Polysaccharides 7. Influence of Radiation-Processed Polysaccharides on Performance of Peppermint 8. Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Restructuring of Sodium Alginate Enhances the Content of Essential Oil in Peppermint by Improving Its Growth, Nutrient Content, and Enzymatic Activities 9. Traditional and Pharmacological Significance of Peppermint and Its Secondary Metabolites 10. Cropping System in Peppermint Index

Bilal Ahmad, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Higher Education Department of Jammu and Kashmir, India, specializing in plant physiology and stress biology. His work focuses on growth regulators, nanoparticles, and polysaccharides in medicinal plants. He has published widely, edited book volumes, and acts as a reviewer for international journals.Tariq Ahmad Dar, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at Sri Pratap College, Srinagar (affiliated with Cluster University), India. He is a researcher in medicinal plants, focusing on improving growth, yield, and bioactive compounds using plant growth regulators and marine polysaccharides. He has published in leading journals, presented internationally, and supervised postgraduate research.Khalid Rehman Hakeem, PhD, is a Professor at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, with extensive experience in plant eco-physiology and biotechnology. To date, Dr. Hakeem has authored and edited more than 95 books with international publishers, and also has to his credit more than 185 research publications in peer-reviewed international journals and 80 book chapters in edited volumes.

• Preface 1. Introduction and Brief Overview of Peppermint and Its Essential Oil 2. Abiotic Stress and Essential Oil Composition of Peppermint: An Overview 3. Influence of Selective Mineral Nutrients on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 4. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Conventional Plant Growth Regulators 5. Influence of Selective Nanoparticles on the Growth and Yield of Peppermint 6. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Peppermint Using Nanoparticles and Depolymerized Polysaccharides 7. Influence of Radiation-Processed Polysaccharides on Performance of Peppermint 8. Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Restructuring of Sodium Alginate Enhances the Content of Essential Oil in Peppermint by Improving Its Growth, Nutrient Content, and Enzymatic Activities 9. Traditional and Pharmacological Significance of Peppermint and Its Secondary Metabolites 10. Cropping System in Peppermint Index