ames W. McAuley is Emeritus Professor of Political Sociology and Irish Studies at the University of Huddersfield, Visiting Professor in Political Sociology at Leeds Beckett University, Adjunct Full Professor of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin and Honorary Research Fellow in Political Psychology at Liverpool Hope University.Máire Braniff is Senior Lecturer in Politics at Ulster University, Belfast. She focuses her research and teaching on the changes which contribute to building sustainable peace and thriving societies.Graham Spencer is Emeritus Professor in Social and Political Conflict at the University of Portsmouth UK, Distinguished Senior Research Fellow, Edward M. Kennedy Institute for Conflict Intervention, NUI, Maynooth, Ireland and Visiting fellow, John McCormack Graduate Scholl of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts, Boston.

• Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Jon Tonge Foreword James W. McAuley, Máire Braniff and Graham Spencer Introduction and Overview Part One: Background and Patterns of Conflict, Violence and Settlement Landon Hancock From Plantation to Partition: the development of conflicting identities Simon Prince The Origins of the ‘Troubles’ Eamon O’Kane Governments in Conflict Shaun McDaid ‘Tangled up in Red, White and Blue’: securitization, the border, and North-South relations since partition Part Two: Protagonists in the Conflict Clare Rice Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism Graham Spencer Ulster Loyalism John F. Morrison Irish Republicanism Aaron Edwards The British Army and the Security Forces Jonny Byrne Policing and Reform in the ‘new’ Northern Ireland Part Three: Structure, Identity and Belonging Neil Ferguson Social Identity, Belonging and the Conflict L. Philip Barnes Religion and the Conflict John Bell Sport, Conflict and Peace Alan McCully and Alan Smith The Political Economy of Education since the Peace Agreement Colin Coulter Class and Conflict James W. McAuley Sectarianism, Segregation and Socialization into Difference Philip McDermott and Shannon Doherty Parity of Esteem for All? Migrants and Political Belonging Part Four: Women, Gender, Conflict and Peacebuilding Máire Braniff ‘The Peace We Know’: Women in Peace and Conflict Fiona Bloomer, Claire Pierson and Danielle Mackle Gender and Sexuality Fidelma Ashe and John O’Doherty Conflict, Peacebuilding and LGBTQI+ Identities Part Five: Representations of Conflict Dominic Bryan Popular Culture and Political Representations: Notes from the ‘Culture War’ Paddy Hoey and Stephen Baker The Media: from the ‘Troubles’ and the Peace Process to Online Sectarian Entrepreneurship Connal Parr Northern Ireland in Plays, Television and Film Part Six: Memory, Legacy and Reconciliation Rebecca Graff-McRae ‘Ghost Stories You’ll Tell to Your Wains’: Memory, Mourning, and Commemorative Politics Kris Brown Memory and Reconstructions of the Past: The Role of Commemoration Stephen Hopkins Political Memoir Writing and Memories of Conflict: Personal narratives of the ‘Troubles’ Duncan Morrow Reconciliation, Change, Politics and Peace Part Seven: Politics, Society and the Future David Mitchell Politics after the Belfast/ Good Friday Agreement – Lessons of Peace and Conflict Giada Lagana Metagoverning out of Conflict: the European Union Programme for Peace and Reconciliation Cillian McGrattan The Politics of the Third SpaceMary-Louise Corr and Siobhan McAlister Young People in Conflict and Post-Conflict Feargal Cochrane A Fragile Peace: Contemporary and Future Politics of Northern Ireland Notes on Contributors Index

ames W. McAuley is Emeritus Professor of Political Sociology and Irish Studies at the University of Huddersfield, Visiting Professor in Political Sociology at Leeds Beckett University, Adjunct Full Professor of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin and Honorary Research Fellow in Political Psychology at Liverpool Hope University.Máire Braniff is Senior Lecturer in Politics at Ulster University, Belfast. She focuses her research and teaching on the changes which contribute to building sustainable peace and thriving societies.Graham Spencer is Emeritus Professor in Social and Political Conflict at the University of Portsmouth UK, Distinguished Senior Research Fellow, Edward M. Kennedy Institute for Conflict Intervention, NUI, Maynooth, Ireland and Visiting fellow, John McCormack Graduate Scholl of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts, Boston.

• Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Jon Tonge Foreword James W. McAuley, Máire Braniff and Graham Spencer Introduction and Overview Part One: Background and Patterns of Conflict, Violence and Settlement Landon Hancock From Plantation to Partition: the development of conflicting identities Simon Prince The Origins of the ‘Troubles’ Eamon O’Kane Governments in Conflict Shaun McDaid ‘Tangled up in Red, White and Blue’: securitization, the border, and North-South relations since partition Part Two: Protagonists in the Conflict Clare Rice Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism Graham Spencer Ulster Loyalism John F. Morrison Irish Republicanism Aaron Edwards The British Army and the Security Forces Jonny Byrne Policing and Reform in the ‘new’ Northern Ireland Part Three: Structure, Identity and Belonging Neil Ferguson Social Identity, Belonging and the Conflict L. Philip Barnes Religion and the Conflict John Bell Sport, Conflict and Peace Alan McCully and Alan Smith The Political Economy of Education since the Peace Agreement Colin Coulter Class and Conflict James W. McAuley Sectarianism, Segregation and Socialization into Difference Philip McDermott and Shannon Doherty Parity of Esteem for All? Migrants and Political Belonging Part Four: Women, Gender, Conflict and Peacebuilding Máire Braniff ‘The Peace We Know’: Women in Peace and Conflict Fiona Bloomer, Claire Pierson and Danielle Mackle Gender and Sexuality Fidelma Ashe and John O’Doherty Conflict, Peacebuilding and LGBTQI+ Identities Part Five: Representations of Conflict Dominic Bryan Popular Culture and Political Representations: Notes from the ‘Culture War’ Paddy Hoey and Stephen Baker The Media: from the ‘Troubles’ and the Peace Process to Online Sectarian Entrepreneurship Connal Parr Northern Ireland in Plays, Television and Film Part Six: Memory, Legacy and Reconciliation Rebecca Graff-McRae ‘Ghost Stories You’ll Tell to Your Wains’: Memory, Mourning, and Commemorative Politics Kris Brown Memory and Reconstructions of the Past: The Role of Commemoration Stephen Hopkins Political Memoir Writing and Memories of Conflict: Personal narratives of the ‘Troubles’ Duncan Morrow Reconciliation, Change, Politics and Peace Part Seven: Politics, Society and the Future David Mitchell Politics after the Belfast/ Good Friday Agreement – Lessons of Peace and Conflict Giada Lagana Metagoverning out of Conflict: the European Union Programme for Peace and Reconciliation Cillian McGrattan The Politics of the Third SpaceMary-Louise Corr and Siobhan McAlister Young People in Conflict and Post-Conflict Feargal Cochrane A Fragile Peace: Contemporary and Future Politics of Northern Ireland Notes on Contributors Index

ames W. McAuley is Emeritus Professor of Political Sociology and Irish Studies at the University of Huddersfield, Visiting Professor in Political Sociology at Leeds Beckett University, Adjunct Full Professor of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin and Honorary Research Fellow in Political Psychology at Liverpool Hope University.Máire Braniff is Senior Lecturer in Politics at Ulster University, Belfast. She focuses her research and teaching on the changes which contribute to building sustainable peace and thriving societies.Graham Spencer is Emeritus Professor in Social and Political Conflict at the University of Portsmouth UK, Distinguished Senior Research Fellow, Edward M. Kennedy Institute for Conflict Intervention, NUI, Maynooth, Ireland and Visiting fellow, John McCormack Graduate Scholl of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts, Boston.

• Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Jon Tonge Foreword James W. McAuley, Máire Braniff and Graham Spencer Introduction and Overview Part One: Background and Patterns of Conflict, Violence and Settlement Landon Hancock From Plantation to Partition: the development of conflicting identities Simon Prince The Origins of the ‘Troubles’ Eamon O’Kane Governments in Conflict Shaun McDaid ‘Tangled up in Red, White and Blue’: securitization, the border, and North-South relations since partition Part Two: Protagonists in the Conflict Clare Rice Ulster Unionism and Irish Nationalism Graham Spencer Ulster Loyalism John F. Morrison Irish Republicanism Aaron Edwards The British Army and the Security Forces Jonny Byrne Policing and Reform in the ‘new’ Northern Ireland Part Three: Structure, Identity and Belonging Neil Ferguson Social Identity, Belonging and the Conflict L. Philip Barnes Religion and the Conflict John Bell Sport, Conflict and Peace Alan McCully and Alan Smith The Political Economy of Education since the Peace Agreement Colin Coulter Class and Conflict James W. McAuley Sectarianism, Segregation and Socialization into Difference Philip McDermott and Shannon Doherty Parity of Esteem for All? Migrants and Political Belonging Part Four: Women, Gender, Conflict and Peacebuilding Máire Braniff ‘The Peace We Know’: Women in Peace and Conflict Fiona Bloomer, Claire Pierson and Danielle Mackle Gender and Sexuality Fidelma Ashe and John O’Doherty Conflict, Peacebuilding and LGBTQI+ Identities Part Five: Representations of Conflict Dominic Bryan Popular Culture and Political Representations: Notes from the ‘Culture War’ Paddy Hoey and Stephen Baker The Media: from the ‘Troubles’ and the Peace Process to Online Sectarian Entrepreneurship Connal Parr Northern Ireland in Plays, Television and Film Part Six: Memory, Legacy and Reconciliation Rebecca Graff-McRae ‘Ghost Stories You’ll Tell to Your Wains’: Memory, Mourning, and Commemorative Politics Kris Brown Memory and Reconstructions of the Past: The Role of Commemoration Stephen Hopkins Political Memoir Writing and Memories of Conflict: Personal narratives of the ‘Troubles’ Duncan Morrow Reconciliation, Change, Politics and Peace Part Seven: Politics, Society and the Future David Mitchell Politics after the Belfast/ Good Friday Agreement – Lessons of Peace and Conflict Giada Lagana Metagoverning out of Conflict: the European Union Programme for Peace and Reconciliation Cillian McGrattan The Politics of the Third SpaceMary-Louise Corr and Siobhan McAlister Young People in Conflict and Post-Conflict Feargal Cochrane A Fragile Peace: Contemporary and Future Politics of Northern Ireland Notes on Contributors Index