Satellite and Terrestrial Hybrid Networks

Pascal Berthou is Assistant Professor at the University of Toulouse, France. He conducts research on satellite communication systems and wireless networks at the Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems of the French National Center for Scientific Research (LAAS-CNRS).Cédric Baudoin coordinates activities on network access at the R&D department for the satellite and platform business segment at Thales Alenia Space group.Thierry Gayraud is Full Professor at the University of Toulouse, France. His research activities at LAAS-CNRS are related to Quality of Service in wireless network architectures, from sensor networks to satellite communication networks.Matthieu Gineste works at the Telecom R&D department of Thales Alenia Space on projects concerning satellite systems and communication design, end-to-end QoS management and cross-layer design.

• Acknowledgments ixForeword xiPatrick GÉLARDList of Acronyms xiiiIntroduction xxiiiChapter 1 Satellite and Terrestrial Hybrid Networks 11.1 Designing satellite and terrestrial hybrid networks 11.2 Hybrid scenarios 21.2.1 Network architecture: integration of hybrid networks 41.2.2 Tight coupling integration: an integrated approach 51.2.3 Gateway integration 71.2.4 Loose coupling integration 81.3 Case study: loose coupling integration 91.3.1 Use case and user profile 91.3.2 Proposal of a scenario 91.3.3 Profile of mobile users 111.4 Conclusion 12Chapter 2 Quality of Service on Next- Generation Terrestrial Networks 152.1 IETF approach 162.1.1 Network level 162.1.2 Transport level 292.1.3 Session and application levels 322.1.4 QoS signaling 372.2 ITU-NGN approach 452.2.1 Principles 452.2.2 Transport stratum 472.2.3 Service stratum 492.2.4 Management plan 502.3 Conclusion 50Chapter 3 Quality of Service in Dvb-s/rcs Satellite Networks 533.1 Bi-directional satellite access systems 543.1.1 Overview 543.2 The DVB-S standard and the IP support 593.2.1 The DVB-S standard 603.2.2 Access method 633.2.3 IP encapsulation method over DVB-S 633.3 The DVB-S2 standard 673.3.1 Coding and modulations 673.3.2 Encapsulation 693.4 The DVB-RCS standard 703.4.1 Access method: MF-TDMA 713.4.2 Signaling in a DVB-RCS/S System 743.4.3 Connections 783.5 Dvb-rcs2 793.5.1 Coding and modulation 793.5.2 Access techniques 793.5.3 Encapsulation 803.5.4 QoS architecture and PEP 803.6 QoS architecture in DVB-S/RCS satellite access networks 803.6.1 The various stakeholders in the satellite network 813.6.2 The SatLabs architectural model 823.6.3 The BSM architectural model based on IP 893.7 Conclusion 96Chapter 4. Integration of Satellites Into IMS Qos Architecture 974.1 IMS architecture 974.1.1 COPS and DIAMETER messages 994.2 IMS QoS architecture 1004.2.1 IMS QoS in a GPRS: UMTS network 1034.2.2 IMS QoS in an asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) network 1064.3 IMS QoS signaling 1074.3.1 Authorization of QoS resources 1084.3.2 Reservation of QoS resources with a local service policy 1104.3.3 Approval of commitments of authorized resources 1104.3.4 Deleting commitments of authorized resources 1124.3.5 Revocation of a QoS resource authorization 1124.3.6 Indication of a PDP context deletion 1134.3.7 Authorization for the modification of the PDP context 1154.4 Inclusion of IMS QoS in the satellite segment 1164.4.1 “System” hypothesis 1164.4.2 IMS satellite integration: transparent approach 1174.4.3 IMS satellite integration: integrated star approach 1184.4.4 IMS satellite integration: integrated mesh approach 1194.5 Toward a unified next-generation network (NGN) QoS architecture 1204.5.1 Transparent integration scenario 1204.5.2 Star integration scenario 1254.5.3 Mesh integration scenario 1274.6 SATSIX project 1304.7 Conclusion 132Chapter 5 Inter-system Mobility 1355.1 Introduction 1355.2 The taxonomy of mobility 1365.2.1 Personal mobility 1365.2.2 Session mobility 1375.2.3 Mobility of service 1375.2.4 Mobility of the terminal 1375.2.5 Network mobility 1395.2.6 Clarification for mobility terminology 1395.3 Protocols for mobility management 1395.3.1 Extension of DVB-RCS for mobility 1405.3.2 Management by the network layer: mobile IP 1415.3.3 Mobility management with session initiation protocols (SIPs) 1565.4 Implementation of mobility solutions in hybrid systems 1595.4.1 Specification of SIP mobility in a DVB-S2/RCS system 1605.4.2 Theoretical evaluations and recommendations 1655.5 SIP for mobility management and QoS for interactive applications 1775.6 Evaluation of mobility solutions in a simulated DVB-S2/RCS architecture 1795.6.1 Comparison of interruption times 1805.6.2 Common cases 1805.6.3 Specific cases 1835.6.4 Problems related to overheads 1845.7 Conclusion 185Chapter 6. the Transport Layer in Hybrid Networks 1876.1 Introduction 1876.2 Performance enhancing proxies 1896.2.1 Space communications protocol specifications 1906.2.2 I-pep 1936.2.3 Issues related to PEPs 1966.3 TCP evolutions 1986.3.1 TCP adaptations to the satellite environment 1996.3.2 Options and mechanisms for TCP improvements 2006.3.3 New TCP versions 2026.3.4 Characteristics of the satellite connection 2046.3.5 Impact on the transport layer 2066.3.6 Conclusion 2076.4 TCP performance in a geostationary network 2086.4.1 Measurement and analysis methodology 2086.4.2 The configuration of the system and measurements 2086.5 TCP in a hybrid context 2156.5.1 The impact of a hybrid network on the transport layer 2156.5.2 Control of the adaptation of streams to the new network 2166.5.3 TCP impacts for a break before make handover 2176.5.4 TCP impacts for a make before break handover 2176.5.5 The effect on TCP of the vertical handover with simultaneous variation of the bandwidth and delay 2186.5.6 Conclusion 2206.6 General conclusion 221Conclusion 223Bibliography 227Index 235